中考英语英语阅读理解精选附答案

中考英语英语阅读理解精选附答案

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1．（2017·河北）阅读理解

C

Here is a story: A man sees a butterfly(蝴蝶). The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis(蛹). Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn't struggle(挣扎；奋斗) to leave the chrysalis, it can't fly! The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make the fly. When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many big supermarkets, used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father's death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.

Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which provide them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However, just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome challenges. The young people of today will become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.

（1）From the story we know that the butterfly can't fly because ________.

A. it gets out by itself

B. the man feels sorry for it

C. it tries to challenge itself

D. the man helps it come out

（2）Dennis's example shows that successful people should ________.

A. overcome the difficulties

B. take up business early

C. become the leaders of tomorrow

D. sell clothes from door to door

（3）The meaning of the underlined word "mature" in the passage is "________".

A. wake up

B. give up

C. grow up

D. bring up

（4）What is the writer trying to do in this passage?

A. Describe where a butterfly comes from.

B. Encourage young people to face challenges.

C. Suggest how to become a successful businessman.

D. Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam

（5）What is the best title for this passage?

A. Successful People Have a Sense of Achievement

B. Young People Must Develop Their Energy Actively

C. Countries Should Continue to Become Successful

D. Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文论述了挑战在人生经历中的重要性，最终告诉人们：年轻人学会面对挑战并战胜挑战非常重要。

（1）D，细节判断题。问题：从文章中我们知道，蝴蝶不能飞是因为_____。根据问题主句“the butterfly can't fly”定位答案在第一段。根据文章叙述“Feeling sorry for it, the man d ecides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly.”（人因为蝴蝶痛苦而感到遗憾，决定帮助它，人切断茧，蝴蝶很容易的出来，但吃惊的是不能飞）；选项A. it gets out by itself它自己出来；B. the man feels sorry for it人因此感到遗憾；C. it tries to challenge itself它试图挑战自己；D. the man helps it come out人帮助它出来；结合文章语境及选项内容可知，正确答案是D。

（2）A，综合判断题。问题：Dennis的例子说明成功的人应该_____。根据Dennis的例子，定位答案在第二段。根据第二段结构，举例是为了说明本段第一句的主题句，即“When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to strug gle.”（人们年轻时遇到并战胜挑战使他们强壮并准备面向生活，成功的人最成功之处是他们不得不挣扎）；选项 A. overcome the difficulties战胜困难；B. take up business early早早地开始生意；C. become the leaders of tomorrow成为明天的主人；D. sell clothes from door to door挨家挨户的卖衣服；根据语境及选项判断可知，选项B，C和D与文章论述不符，故正确答案是A。

（3）C，语义推理题。问题：文章中划线单词“mature”的意思是_____。根据黑体位置定位答案需重点理解第二段，根据文章对Dennis 的叙述，上文“父亲在他20岁时去世，父亲的去世迫使他_____迅速。”联系上下文及选项A. wake up起床；B. give up放弃；C. grow up 成长；D. bring up提出；养育；可知，正确答案是C。

（4）B，主旨理解题。问题：文章中作者试图做什么？首先分析选项：A. Describe where a butterfly comes from.描述蝴蝶来自哪；B. Encourage young people to face challenges.鼓励年轻人面对挑战；C. Suggest how to become a successful businessman. 建议如何成为成功的商人；D. Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam.解释如果一个人考试失败将会发生

什么。文章的主旨英语主旨句密切相关，分析文章结构可知，文章的中心句在最后一句“it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.”可知，中心句与选项B相一致，故正确答案是B

（5）D，主旨理解题。问题：文章最好的题目是什么？选项分析：A. Successful People Have a Sense of Achievement 成功的人有成就感；B. Young People Must Develop Their Energy Actively年轻人必须积极开发他们的能量；C. Countries Should Continue to Become Successful 国家应该继续变得成功；D. Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People年轻人人生中的挑战成就最美人生；根据文章结构及中心理解，结合选项对比可知，正确答案为D。【点评】文化教育类阅读理解要求学生能够准确把握文章论述的观点，作者的态度，作者通过哪些方式或手段对观点进行了论述。这是此类文章解题的重要思路。文章的主题句通常在文章的开头或结尾，有时也会根据文章结构的需要做适当的调整。阅读理解时，首先应主动去发现文章的主题句，这对理解文章至关重要。

2．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。

What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about math. Some students can't sleep well the day before a math exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful(压力大的).

"For people who are worried about math, posture (姿势) makes a big difference," Erik Paper from San Francisco State University told the Daily Mail. That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams.

Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over (趴倒的) posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.

Slumping over is a defensive(戒备的) posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, Paper said.

Students who were not nervous about taking the math exam did not necessarily benefit(受益) from better posture. But they did find that doing math while slumped over was more difficult, Science Daily reported.

Good posture isn't just helpful for taking math exams. Sportspeople, musicians and public speakers can all benefit from better posture. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more certain and focus better.

（1）What posture can make people feel less stressed during math exams?

A. Sitting up straight.

B. Hanging your head.

C. Lying on your back.

D. Raising one hand.

（2）What did the scientists ask the college students to do during the test?

A. To do sit-ups.

B. To count numbers.

C. To think carefully.

D. To sit in different postures.

（3）How many students in the test benefited from the better posture?

A. All the 125 students.

B. Less than half of them.

C. 56 percent of them.

D. None of the students.

（4）The fourth paragraph is written to explain .

A. why slumping over makes exams harder to do

B. why slumping over is bad for one's health

C. why some people slump over during exams

D. why people are nervous during math exams

（5）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Slump over to Take Exams

B. Sit up to Do Math

C. Better Posture for Nervous Students

D. Good Advice for Better Exams

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍姿势不仅有助于参加数学考试。运动员、音乐家和演说家都可以从更好的姿势中受益。当你感到压力大的时候，你也可以试着坐直或者站直。它可以帮助你更确定，更专注。

（1）细节题。根据For people who are worried about math, posture (姿势) makes a big difference 和That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams. 可知坐直可以让人们在数学考试中感觉压力更小，故选A。

（2）推理题。根据 They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over (趴倒的) posture, or sitting up straight. 可知科学家在测试中要求大学生以不同的姿势坐着，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight 可知56%的参加测试的学生从更好的姿势中受益，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据 Slumping over is a defensive(戒备的) posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, 可知第四段是用来解释为什么睡懒觉会让考试变得更难，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据本文教室里姿势有助于参加数学考试和 the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight ，可知标题适合是 Sit up to Do Math 坐起来做数学，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个正确答案。

A young couple decided to go camping in the mountains to celebrate their first year of marriage. They took with them all the things they would need to go camping—warm clothes, food and a tent.

They went up to the mountains and found the perfect place to set up their tent. After that, they decided to go for a hike(远足)to see more of the mountains.

After a long hike, they went back to their camp, built a fire and cooked dinner. Finally, it was

time to go to sleep,

Sometime in the middle of the night, the wife woke her husband up and said, "Look up at the sky. What do you see?"

Her husband answered, "I see millions of stars."

His wife said, "That's right. What does that mean to you?"

The husband said, "Well, if there are so many stars out there, that means there might also be a planet just like the planet we live on: And if that's true, then there could be life on one of those planets, That's kind of exciting!"

His wife said, "You are wrong. It means that someone has stolen our tent!"

（1）The young couple went to the mountains to _____________.

A. go fishing

B. have a party

C. go camping

D. celebrate birthdays

（2）Before going hiking, they ______________.

A. built a fire

B. set up a tent

C. went to sleep

D. cooked dinner

（3）The husband could see ____________ in the sky.

A. many nice birds

B. lots of planes

C. some dark clouds

D. millions of stars （4）The wife wanted to tell her husband _____________________.

A. someone stole their tent

B. the stars were beautiful

C. people lived on other planets

D. there was a planet like theirs

（5）The best title of the passage is "______________________".

A. A Boring Trip

B. A Great Planet

C. A Missing Tent

D. A Perfect Night

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文讲述一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营庆祝他们结婚的第一年，半夜发现帐篷被偷了。

（1）细节题。根据 A young couple decided to go camping in the mountains to celebrate their first year of marriage可知一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 They went up to the mountains and found the perfect place to set up their tent. After that, they decided to go for a hike(远足)to see more of the mountains 可知去远足之前，他们搭个帐篷，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据 Her husband answered, "I see millions of stars 可知丈夫看到数百万颗星星，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据 It means that someone has stolen our tent 可知妻子想告诉丈夫有人偷了他们的帐篷，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据本文讲述一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营庆祝他们结婚的第一年，半夜发现帐篷被偷了可知 A Missing Tent 适合做标题，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Meiyu, born in 1995, is from Turkey (土耳其). She is the youngest child of her family. After high school, many people learned English or Japanese, but Meiyu decided to learn Chinese in university. She learned Chinese for four years in Ankara University in Turkey, and got her name Meiyu there.

Meiyu fell in love with Chinese after going to university. She became more interested after she knew more about Chinese history. She graduated (毕业) from Ankara University in 2017. Since then, more Chinese have been visiting Turkey. The trade between the two countries also needs Chinese-speaking people. "Speaking Chinese means more job opportunities" said Meiyu.

Now Meiyu has been in Wuhan, China for about two years.Besides going on studying Chinese, she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu as well, so she spends her free time on kung fu training with her coaches. Not only can kung fu help improve (改善) her health, but she is also interested in the history and culture behind it. Meiyu said, "The more I know about China, the luckier I feel to have been here. But the truth is that fun and pain go together in the process of learning."

In the future, Meiyu decides to go back to Turkey to teach more students to learn Chinese.（1）Where did Meiyu learn Chinese at first?

A. In China.

B. In Turkey.

C. In India.

D. In Australia.

（2）How old was Meuyu when she graduated from Ankara University in 2017?

A. 22

B. 25

C. 27

D. 18

（3）What's probably the meaning of the word "opportunities" in this passage?

A. decisions

B. orders

C. meanings

D. chances

（4）Why does Meiyu spend her free time on kung fu training with her coaches?

A. Because she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu.

B. Because she has to learn kung fu to graduate.

C. Because she wants to teach kung fu in Turkey.

D. Because she wants to take part in kung fu competitions.

（5）What can you learn from the passage?

A. Meiyu is the only child of her family.

B. Meiyu is not interested in Chinese now.

C. Chinese culture has greatly influenced Meiyu.

D. Meiyu decides to stay in China in the future.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：中国文化深深影响了了一位土耳其大学生，美玉。

（1）细节题。根据 She learned Chinese for four years in Ankara University in Turkey, 可知，他

最初是在土耳其大学学习汉语，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Meiyu, born in 1995,可知，2017年她22岁，故选A。

（3）词义猜测题。根据The trade between the two countries also needs Chinese-speaking people. "Speaking Chinese means more job opportunities" said Meiyu.可知，两国贸易需要会说汉语的人，说汉语意味着有更多就业机会，推出oportunities意思为机会，故选D。（4）细节题。根据 she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu as well, so she spends her free time on kung fu training with her coaches.可知，因为她喜欢中国功夫，所以才和教练用空闲时间学中国功夫，故选A。

（5）主旨题。本文主要讲述一位土耳其大学生，美玉深受中国文化的影响，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

5．根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个正确答案。

A young couple decided to go camping in the mountains to celebrate their first year of marriage. They took with them all the things they would need to go camping—warm clothes, food and a tent.

They went up to the mountains and found the perfect place to set up their tent. After that, they decided to go for a hike(远足)to see more of the mountains.

After a long hike, they went back to their camp, built a fire and cooked dinner. Finally, it was time to go to sleep,

Sometime in the middle of the night, the wife woke her husband up and said, "Look up at the sky. What do you see?"

Her husband answered, "I see millions of stars."

His wife said, "That's right. What does that mean to you?"

The husband said, "Well, if there are so many stars out there, that means there might also be a planet just like the planet we live on: And if that's true, then there could be life on one of those planets, That's kind of exciting!"

His wife said, "You are wrong. It means that someone has stolen our tent!"

（1）The young couple went to the mountains to _____________.

A. go fishing

B. have a party

C. go camping

D. celebrate birthdays

（2）Before going hiking, they ______________.

A. built a fire

B. set up a tent

C. went to sleep

D. cooked dinner

（3）The husband could see ____________ in the sky.

A. many nice birds

B. lots of planes

C. some dark clouds

D. millions of stars （4）The wife wanted to tell her husband _____________________.

A. someone stole their tent

B. the stars were beautiful

C. people lived on other planets

D. there was a planet like theirs

（5）The best title of the passage is "______________________".

A. A Boring Trip

B. A Great Planet

C. A Missing Tent

D. A Perfect Night

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文讲述一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营庆祝他们结婚的第一年，半夜发现帐篷被偷了。

（1）细节题。根据 A young couple decided to go camping in the mountains to celebrate their first year of marriage可知一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 They went up to the mountains and found the perfect place to set up their tent. After that, they decided to go for a hike(远足)to see more of the mountains 可知去远足之前，他们搭个帐篷，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据 Her husband answered, "I see millions of stars 可知丈夫看到数百万颗星星，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据 It means that someone has stolen our tent 可知妻子想告诉丈夫有人偷了他们的帐篷，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据本文讲述一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营庆祝他们结婚的第一年，半夜发现帐篷被偷了可知 A Missing Tent 适合做标题，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解

Today there are policemen everywhere, but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not paid.

About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger and more and more people began to live there. The city was very dirty and many people were poor. There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their houses as much as possible.

In 1749, Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people for stopping thieves. They were like policemen and were called "Bow Street Runners" because they worked near Bow Street.

Fifty years later, there were about 120"Bow Street Runners", but London had become very big and needed more policemen. So in 1829, the first Metropolitan (or London) Police Service was started with about 3, 000 officers. Most of the men worked on foot, but a few rode horses. Today, London police are quite well—paid and for the few police officers who still ride horses, the pay is even higher than for the others.

（1）In 1700, the men who protected the streets in London were paid _______.

A. a few

B. nothing

C. a little

D. a lot

（2）About 300 years ago, many people _______.

A. wanted to leave London

B. had big houses in London

C. became policemen

D. came to live in London

（3）People didn't leave their houses because _______.

A. they had no money

B. they were afraid of losing money

C. the city was not clean

D. they liked homes

（4）The "Bow Street Runners" _______.

A. stopped people from stealing

B. stole money

C. paid people for stealing

D. stopped people riding horses

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了伦敦警察的发展史，起初伦敦没有警察，但随着越来越多的人来到伦敦居住，小偷变得多了起来。Henry就花钱雇佣一些人来防止小偷，伦敦的警察就产生了。后来警察的数量越来越多了，报酬也越来越高了。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not paid.可知，在1700年，伦敦根本没有警察，少数的老人来保护城市的街道，而且题目没有报酬。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger and more and more people began to live there.可知，在大约300年前，伦敦变得越来越大，越来越多的人来到伦敦居住。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their homes as much as possible.可知，在300年前，伦敦的街道上有很多的小偷，所以人们都尽可能的呆在自己的家里。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句In 1750,Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to stop thieves. They were like policemen and were called “Bow Street Runners” because they worked near Bow Street.可知，在1750年，Henry Fielding开始付钱请一些人来防止小偷。他们就像今天的警察一样，他们被叫做Bow Street Runners，因为他们在Bow Street 这个街道附近工作。故这些人是来防止小偷的。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

7．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

“Who needs a shoppi ng mall（购物中心）if you have Taobao?" says Wang Lin, 28, a writer in Beijing.

Taobao, China's largest online shopping site（网上购物网站）, has become an important part of Wang Lin's life. She spends lots of money on Taobao.

A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping. Most online shoppers are students or young workers. More women shop online than men; Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line.

It was reported that more than 250 billion (十亿) yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao.

Taobao means "looking for treasure" in Chinese. People can find almost everything they need

on Taobao, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players.

You may question the security of online shopping, Wang Lin said, "It's very safe and convenient. Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.”

（1）What is Taobao?

（2）Who are the most online shoppers?

（3）Do more men shop on line than women?

（4）What can you do if you want to return the products?

（5）How much did people spend on line shopping through Taobao last year?

【答案】（1）It's China largest online shopping site.

（2）They are students or young workers.

（3）No, they don't.

（4）I/We can get my/our money back.

（5）More than 200 million yuan.

【解析】【分析】这篇短文中主要介绍了淘宝网越来越受人们的欢迎。人们几乎可以在网上购买到他们所有需要的物品。而且网上购物，不满意可以退货。

（1）细节理解。根据第二段 Taobao, China's largest online shopping site（网上购物网站），has become an important part of Wang Lin's life. 可知答案是：It's China largest online shopping site.

（2）细节理解。根据第三段Most online shoppers are students or young workers.可知答案是：They are students or young workers.

（3）细节理解。根据第三段More women shop online than men;可知答案是：No, they don't.（4）细节理解。根据最后一句You can also get your money back if you want to return the

products.可知答案是：I can get mymoney back.或者We can get our money back。

（5）细节理解。根据第四段It was reported that more than 250 billion (十亿) yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao可知答案是：More than 200 million yuan.【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

8．阅读理解

Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is quite often for brothers or sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas.

It is important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking to each other on the phone. The communication is very important in children's growth, because friends can discuss some things that are difficult to say to their family members.

However, parents often try to choose their children's friends for them. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends.

Have you ever thought of the following questions?

Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents don't like? Your answers are welcome.

（1）Many teenagers think that can understand them better.

A. friends

B. brothers

C. sisters

D. parents

（2） is very important to teenagers.

A. To make children choose friends

B. Communicating with their friends

C. To stop making friends

D. Making phone calls

（3）When teenagers have something difficult to say to their parents, they usually .

A. stay alone at home

B. fight with their parents

C. discuss with their friends

D. go to their brothers or sisters for help

（4）The underlined sentence "Your answers are welcome." means" ".

A. You are welcome to discuss the questions with us.

B. Your answers are always right.

C. We've got no idea, so your answers are welcome.

D. You can give us all the right answers.【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多青少年认为他们生活中最重要的人是他们的朋友。他们