动词不定式语法

动词不定式语法

动词不定式语法

动词不定式的语法功能

动词不定式的语法功能 一、作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 afford. aim. appear. agree. arrange . ask . be . decide. bother . care . choose . come. dare. demand. desire. determine . expect. elect . endeavor .hope. fail . happen . help . hesitate .learn . long . mean. manage . offer . ought. plan . prepare. pretend . promise. refuse. seem. tend. wait . wish. undertake. 举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 2)动词+不定式;动词+宾语+不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。 I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。 I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。 I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。 3)动词+疑问词+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。 There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。 注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。 The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。 4)以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语。 如: agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,pla n,prepare, pretend,promise,refuse,wish 等,这些词大部分可接th at引导的从句。如: I decided to ask for my money back. I decided that I would ask for my money back. When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to startback on foot. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that wewould start back on foot. 5)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。如: We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. 二、作补语 1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do) advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(过去分词)

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(动名词) 敬告: 以下内容,不参加高考等有语法题(语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等)考试的应用类学员无须深究,知道该语法结构的存在,及其充当的句子成分和功能即可,应多花时间练习听说读写,否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。应试类学员有时间可以比较分析,基本搞懂。 过去分词长什么样?规则的情况下与动词过去式相同,当然有不规则的情况;过去分词可以充当定语、状语、补语、定语,不可能充当主语、宾语; 过去分词不像现在分词有多种体现时态和语态的形式,只有一种形式done表示。 1、过去分词可以充当主谓宾补句型中的宾语补语;它与宾语是被动关系,或者说它与宾语是动宾关系。 (1) We found the fish eaten by our cat. (2) I can’t make myself understood because of my poor English. 2、过去分词可以充当定语;充当定语当然是修饰主语、宾语等名性的结构;表达过去分词的动作是被动的或完成,或即被动又完成的。 (1) The party had last night (which was had last night) was very cheerful. (2) USA is a developed country (a country which has been developed). (3) A great number of students questioned (who had been questioned) said they were forced to practice the piano. 3、过分词可以充当状语,它与主句主语是被动关系,或者说它与主句的主语是动宾关系; 过去分词一般只强调被动动作而不强调时间,多用于条件和原因状语;(1) Taken in time, the medicine will turn out to be very effective. If the medicine is taken in time, it will turn out to be very effective. (2) Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.

语法基础-动词不定式

【冲击2011年中考英语精品复习资料】语法基础-7 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词的形式 非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词,形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词,分词,动词不定式。 Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用) 爬山是一项好运动。 Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ... 分词起形容词作用) 你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗? He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch .... 不定式起副词作用) 他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。 谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别:

1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。 Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语) Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week. 维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语) 2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。 Larke likes the pop music. 拉克喜欢流行音乐。(动词用单数第三人称形式) Larke has nothing to do today. 拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)

初中英语语法知识—非谓语动词的知识点

一、选择题 1.—Let's think about _______ A Bite of China tonight? —That sounds good! A.watch B.watching C.to watch D.watches 2.—Do you prefer basketball with me? 一No,I’d rather at home and watch TV. A.play;stay B.to play;to stay C.play;to stay D.to play;stay 3.If you really don’t know _______ at the party, you can come to me. A.who will you talk with B.who to talk C.who to talk to D.who you will talk 4.—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets. —But the film is really worth _________ twice. A.managing; seeing B.to manage; seeing C.managing; being seen D.managed; to see 5.Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone. A.swim B.to swim C.swimming D.swam 6.—It’s time _____ lunch. —OK. Let’s _____. A.for; go B.for; going C.to; going D.to; go 7.— Mr. Wang, I have trouble __________ the text. — Remember __________ it three times at least. A.to understand;reading B.understanding;to read C.understanding;reading D.to understand;to read 8.Dan shows an interest in musical instruments and is often heard _____ the guitar. A.play B.played C.playing D.to play 9.The snow makes them______ cold, so they want to make a fire_______ warm. A.feel , to keep B.to feel, keep C.feel, keep D.to feel ,to keep 10.It usually takes him half an hour ________ the homework. A.finish B.finishing C.to finish 11.The journey made them ________very tired. A.to feel B.feeling C.feel 12.I don’t know how________there. I need to look at the map.

(完整版)高中英语语法动词不定式和动名词做宾语

巧记跟不定式和动名词做宾语的动词用法 语法体现语言的规律,学好英语离不开语法学习。其中,动词的用法是重点,也是难点。对于谓语动词和非谓语动词的用法,学生普遍感到困难。学生感到50多个动词,用法难以掌握,但调整了单词的排列顺序,根据汉意编写顺口溜会方便记忆: (一)跟不定时作宾语的动词有: 打算(intend)计划(plan)和期盼(expect/desire) 假装(pretend)喜欢(would like/love/prefer)表祝愿(wish) 决定(decide)同意(agree)来帮助(help) 设法(manage)说服(persuade)不拒绝(refuse) 好像(seem/appear)答应(promise)做努力(attempt) 选择(choose)询问(ask)多学习(learn) 告诉(tell)失败(fail)也付得起(afford) 不定式宾语要牢记! (二)跟动名词作宾语的动词有: 考虑(consider)完成(finish)多练习(practise) 避免(avoid)冒险(risk)求建议(suggest/recoomend) 面对(face)喜欢(enjoy/appreciate)和介意(mind) 允许(allow)承认(admit/permit)或放弃(give up/abandon) 推迟(put off/delay/postphone)逃避(escape)不原谅(excuse/pardon)提及(mention)坚持(keep/insist on)要想象(imagine/fancy) 还有词组feel like 和can’t stand! 瞧!,我们就这样快快乐乐地记住了吧! (三)在动词remember, try, regret, forget, need/want/require, stop, mean等后跟动名词V-和不定式意义不同,巧记一句话(记住努力;后悔忘记;需要停止;很有意义),学习采用对比法: remember to do something记着去做某事(现在还没有做) remember doing something记着曾做过某事(以前做过某事) try to do something努力、尽力做某事 try doing something试着做某事(看能否达到预期的结果) stop to do something开始做某事(停下正在做的事,开始做另一事) stop doing something停止做某事(停止正在做的事) regret to do something对将来做的事感到遗憾、惋惜 regret doing something对已经做过的事感到后悔

语法精讲及练习动词不定式

语法精讲及练习| 动词不定式 今天我们学习动词不定式的相关内容,一起来看! 小简老师已为大家备好电子打印版,文末附电子打印版免费领取方式,想要获取电子打印版请拉到文末。 1 概念引入 1. 动词不定式名言:(1)动词不定式作表语To lose is to learn. 失败就是学习。(2)动词不定式作主语It is better to give than to take. 给予比接受更好。(3)不定式作宾语Expect to be treated as you have treated others.你怎样待别人,就指望别人怎样待你。(4)不定式作宾补Adversity causes some men to break,others to break records.逆境使一些人崩溃,也使一些人破记录。(5)不定式作定语There is a time to talk and a time to act.该说的时候说,该做的时候做。(6)不定式作目的状语To find the exact answer,one must first ask the exact question.要找到确切的答案,首先必须提出确切的问题。 2. 动词不定式定义:动词不定式是一种非谓语形式(不能作谓语),基本形式是to do形式(to是不定式符号的标志,无意义,可以不翻译)肯定式:to + 动词原形否定式:not to + 动词原形 2 用法讲解 1.动词不定式的特征动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分(主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语);动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,同时还保持动词的某些特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语,动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 2. 动词不定式在句子中的作用动词不定式是由to+动词原形构成,在句中起名词,形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。(1)动词不定式作主语。例如:To master a language is not an easy thing.掌握一门语言不是一件

高中英语语法讲解【非谓语动词】

高中英语语法讲解【非谓语动词】【专题要点】 非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下: 1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语; 2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语; 3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词; 4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语,且意义不同的动词或短语; 5.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别; 6.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别; 7.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别; 8.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语; 9.there be 结构的两种非谓语形式; 10.独立主格结构在句中作状语; 11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。 【教法指引】 非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词,是高中英语学习的难点,也是高考考查的重点。高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点,教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当,尤其是对以下要点的复习: 1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别; 2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式; 3.非谓语动词完成式的用法; 4.非谓语动词用作伴随状语; 5.非谓语动词用作目的状语; 6.非谓语动词用作结果状语; 7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语;

8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题; 9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题; 10.“(be+)过去分词+介词”结构; 11.动名词的复合结构和there be结构的非谓语动词形式。 对于独立主格结构的复习,教师必须要讲清它的构成方式和在句子中的作用以及与with复合结构和分词之间的辨析的关系。 【知识网络】 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job.我只花了五分钟的时间来完成这项工作。 2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 (1)不定式作表语 1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once. 我的建议是立刻开始干。

考研语法深度分析(三)动词不定式

语法深度分析:动词不定式短语讲解 文章来源:跨考教育 1.动词不定式短语的结构: 动词不定式短语的主干是由 to + 动词原形构成,动词不定式短语内部的动词可以跟自己的宾语、状语、表语等成分。动词不定式短语整体上在句中起名词,形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。 2.动词不定式短语在句子中的作用 (1)动词不定式短语做主语: To master a language is not an easy thing. 掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。 It's my pleasure to help you. 帮助你是我的乐趣。 动词不定式做主语时可以放在后面,而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。 It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找到目击者。 (2)动词不定式短语作宾语: I like to help others as much as possible. 如果有可能的话,我喜欢帮助别人。 动词不定式短语作宾语补语:表示不定式的动作是由宾语发出。 We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起。 (3)动词+宾语+不带to的不定式作宾语补足语:感官动词:see, watch, notice, look at,hear;使役动词:make, let, have(使得),help(可带to, 也可不带to) The teacher has his students write a composition every other week. 老师让同学们每隔一周写一篇作文。 Many things【make people think artists are weird】. 很多事情使人们觉得艺术家们很奇怪。 (5)动词不定式短语作表语: The most urgent thing is to take legal measures immediately.当务之急是马上采取法律措施。 (6)动词不定式短语作定语: There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题。 (7)动词不定式短语作状语:经常表示目的。

非谓语动词用法归纳语法

一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 (1)在要求动词后(作宾语):avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认advocate提倡/主张consider 考虑 can't help不禁 can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白 dislike不喜欢,讨厌deserve值得 delay 延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受

worth值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. (2)表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. (3)表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. (4)表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. (5)表性质;特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her.

英语语法之不定式及名词后加动词不定式

English语法之不定式及名词后加动词不定式 在English语法中,动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式。基本形式是to+动词原形,部分词和词组不带to也表达不定式。之所以叫做不定式,是因为动词不被限定、或者说不被词形变化所局限。不定式属于非谓语动词,即不能单独作谓语。但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性,也可以理解此类动词形式为不定式状态的动词。动词不定式及其短语有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出,这一使动者称之为逻辑主语。 动词不定式可以作多种句子成分。 在外语学习的课程中,"动不式"的一般现在时被称作“词典用词”,因为它一般被用作词典中该动词的词头。 对于英语来说接不定式的单词多为“打算”“计划”“希望”“将要”等表示未来的动词。同样与不定时表示不同的动词不定式表示正在进行,一般性或经常发生性的行为。 A.不带to的不定式有四种情况: 1、1、let, make, have等使役动词后。 例如: Let us go!出发 The boss made the child labors work the whole night.老板逼迫童工整夜 劳作 注意:这些情况在被动语态中,不可省to. 例如:The child labors were made to work the whole night. 2、would rather, had better后。

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