被动语态导学案

被动语态（语法课）导学案

教师寄语： To everyone：If you work hard，you will make it.一：学习目标：

1. 知道什么是被动语态。

2. 理解被动语态和主动语态的区别。

3. 掌握被动语态的结构。

4. 能够熟练使用三种形式的被动语态。

二、学习重难点：被动语态与时态结合用法。

三、学习内容与过程：

（一）课前预习检测（你预习得怎样？）填写以下动词的过去分词：

buy _______ borrow______ _write_______ speak_______

do plant make take

build drink draw put

（二）课上探究

探究一：A.认识被动语态

1.Many people speak English. English is spoken by many people。

2.We planted many trees. Many trees were planted by us.

3.He should water flowers. Flowers should be watered by him.

B.观察这三个句子,以小组合作的形式讨论：

1.什么情况下用被动语态？

2.主动语态与被动语态的区别？

1. Our TV set was repaired yesterday.

2. This room is used for resting.

3. Your school bag mustn’t be put there.

探究二：常见时态的被动语态句子结构

一般现在时： am/is /are + done

一般过去时： was/were + done 情态动词变被动：情态动词+be+done

探究三：主动变被动的方法

歌诀是:

（三）课堂检测

一星题：用be动词的正确形式填空.

1.A knife _________ used to cut apples.

2. The rooms ________cleaned yesterday.

3. The students _______ asked to have breakfast every day.

4.They should_______ encouraged to study hard.

二星题：选择

1.Windows of glass.

A.be made

B. is made

C. are made

D. been made

2. The house in 2004.

A.is built

B. is building

C. was built

D. used

3. A coat can for keeping warm.

A.be used

B. is used

C. been used

D. used

4. It’s raining heavily. The meeting _____.

A. be put off

B. must be put off

C. must put off

5.Rice in the south of china.

A grows

B is grown

C are grown

D grew

6. A car in1885.

A were invented

B was invented

C is invented

D invented

7. Those things may to the room.

A move

B moved

C be moved

D are moved

8.Where the cars ?

A are……made

B do……make

C were ……made

D is …..made

9.The train station in 1981.

A is built

B are built

C was built

D were built

三星题：将下列句子变成被动语态。

1.People use knives for cutting things.

Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.

2.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.

Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer.

3.In this factory women do most of the work.

Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory.

导学案：被动语态

被动语态【语言感知】将下列句子译成汉语 ①The Great Wall was built more than 2000 years old. ② A new bridge is being built across the Changjiang River. ③The project will (is going to) be finished next month. ④Many trees have been planted around the lake. ⑤Old people should be taken care of/looked after. ⑥Books can’t be taken out of the library. ⑦A gift was given to me on my birthday. ⑧What are the shirts made of ? Are they made of cotton? Where were they made? ⑨As far as I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. ⑩The painting isn’t made from grass. 【合作探究】一、英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态. 二、基本结构：be + 过去分词(PP) + (by …) 不同时态下的被动语态注意：see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。常用结构Be seen to do, be made to do, be heard to do, be watched to do。 ※He is often heard to play the guitar. 三、主动式表被动的几种特殊情况： 1.动词(表示主语的属性特征) + 副词(well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, lock, open, cook, shut, dry, eat, drink,… ※The books sell well．This kind of cloth washes easily． 2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。difficult, easy, hard,

英语语法：被动语态的用法

英语语法：被动语态的用法 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。 I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。 Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。 Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。 Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。 4. 现在实行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。

They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。 5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。 Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在很多国家有很多人造卫星被送上了太空。 6.过去实行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。 The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。 7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。 The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。 8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done

现在完成时被动语态教学设计

高中英语语法《现在完成时的被动语态》教学设计一、教材分析本节课的授课内容为被动语态中的一个重点也是难点的内容：现在完成时被动语态的学习及其应用。对于该内容学生半知半解，加上语法容易让人觉得枯燥，学生对此内容有排斥畏难心理。所以教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起，注重学习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法、情景教学法和小组合作探究学习法，让学生亲身去感知、领悟知识和运用知识，从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量，使其内容更加丰富，降低了语法学习的难度，同时也使语言学习和运用语言的过程成为一种栩栩如生的互动体验，提高了学习效率。二、学情分析授课对象为高一级的学生，他们来自全区各地初中，大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱，运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差，主动学习的动力不够，然而他们学习比较认真，渴求知欲旺盛，思维比较活跃。部分学生的基础较好，能主动配合老师。所以只有设臵使他们感兴趣的活动，利用发生在学生身边的事情——教室的环境布臵和学校艺术文化节作为语法学习的载体，因材施教，让学生明白所学语言知识的实用性，这样才能激发学生学习的积极性，并在师生互动、生生互动中实现教学任务和目标。三、教学目标知识与技能：1.让学生弄清楚现在完成时被动语态的结构和用法； 2.重点是现在完成时被动语态的应用。过程与方法：1.培养学生自主学习、协作学习和探究的能力； 2.培养学生分析问题、解决问题、归纳问题的能力。 3.提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力。

情感价值观：通过本节课的学习，培养学生热爱学校积极参与学校活动的情感。四、教学重点和难点现在完成时被动语态的基本构成与实际应用。五、教学策略和方法本节课的教学以学生为中心，以教室的环境布臵和学校艺术文化节为载体，使课堂教学过程成为学生自主地进行信息加工、知识意义构建、归纳能力发展的过程。教师在教学过程中则适时介入，引导、启发、组织、帮助、促进。随堂进行小组指导，一方面参与学生的讨论，更给学生以个别辅导，以帮助学生解决学习过程中的难题。通过演示法把制作的课件、学生的作文等显示给学生看，便于学生对知识的把握，并从中获得启迪，从而解决问题。通过小组协作法分析问题、解决问题，从而内化而形成学习成果，并将其在全班学生中展示，使学生获得成功的喜悦，从而激发学生的后续学习热情。通过任务驱动教学法将所要学习的新知识隐含在语言操练之中，学生通过对呈现的图片进行分析、讨论，并在老师的指导、帮助下用本节课的语法对图片进行描述，以达到对语法项目的操练，最后通过任务的完成而实现对所学知识的意义建构。六、板书设计现在完成时被动语态的基本结构：have/has been done 七、教学过程 Step1 Revision (复习)（6分钟）本单元学习的话题是计算机，计算机的应用很广泛，让学生在阅读里面找出介绍计算机应用的句子，并齐读句子：?The computers have been used in communication, finance and trade. ?The computers have been put into robots. ?It has been used to make mobile phones as well as help with

被动语态导学案

被动语态导学案学生自学一一、写出人称代词（主格、宾格），并搭配be 二、根据要求，写出下列 visit（过去分词）carry（过去分词）see(过去分词）bought (原形) teach（现在分词）三、互译下列动宾（V+O）词组 play the violin 种树 visit Baise 看电视 take photo 打篮球学生自学二五、将V+O动宾词组变为O+V宾动词组 V + O O + V visit Baise -- ------ Baise visit play the violin --------- the violin play plant trees --------- watch TV --------- play football --------- take photos ---------- 学生自学三六、用以上词组造句，请你试一试 S+V+O------------------ O+be+Ved +by +s 例子，1.We visit Baise.-------------- Baise is visited by us. 2. He plays the violin.------- The violin is played by him. 3. I watch TV.----------------- … 4.They play football.-------- 5.She takes photos.---------- 再一次归纳一般现在时的结构：_____________ ----------- ______________________ 七、主动和被动。（观察以上左右两边的句子，如果说左边的句子都是主动句子，并叫做主动语态。那么，右边的句子都是_______句子，并都叫做______语态。主动V+O 被动O+V 结构：S+V+O 结构：S o+be+Ved+by+O s….

初中英语语法：被动语态

初中英语语法：被动语态概念：英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者或发出者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成；助动词be有人称、数及时态的变化；含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成被动语态的否定式是在助动词后加否定词not；而疑问式是将助动词移到主语前面即可Stamps can be used for sending letters. 邮票能用来寄信。 He was asked to go to the meeting immediately. 他被要求立刻去参加这个会议。 This kind of bike is not made in Tianjin. 这种自行车不是天津制造的。 Is this kind of bike make in Tianjin? 这种自行车是在天津制造的吗？用法1.当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或没有必要知道时，常用被动语态。 These desks are made of wood. 这些桌子是由木头做成的。 2.当需要强调动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。 Dictionaries can’t be used in the English exam. 词典不能在英语测试中使用。 3.为了使语气婉转、避免提到自己或对方、或由于修饰的需要而使用被动语态。 The homework must be handed in next Monday. 作业必须下周一交上。

被动语态的转换步骤：当主动语态变为被动语态时，通常要经过四步： 1.先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其谓语动词。 2.把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变成被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词时，应把宾格变为主格 3.把主动句中的谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，但时态不能改变。 4.把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语（没必要说出动作的执行者时可略去“by+宾语”），若主语是人称代词时，应把主格变成宾格。 We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。主动语态变被动语态应注意：1.时态要一致。 I wrote a letter to my pen pal yesterday. (一般过去时) A letter was written to my pen pal yesterday (by me). They will discuss the plan at the meeting. 2.含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动结构变为被动结构时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不变；如果将主动结构的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这时一般要加个介词to或for。My parents gave me a watch. I was given a watch by my parents. A watch was given to me by my parents. His father bought him a computer last week. 3.在主动语态中，使役动词如make，let，have或感官动词如hear，watch，see后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态里必须带to。 My parents often made me babysit my little sister .

高三复习被动语态学案

高三英语语法专题复习------被动语态一、时态与高考（语法填空与改错） 1. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __________(leave).(2015广东) 2. we __________ (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, but for the week after.(2014广东） 3. Tai Chi _________ (call) “shadow boxing”in English. (2014辽宁） 4. Tea in China was traditional drank from cups without handles.(2013Ⅱ) 5. Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the sky---they were looked like rain.(2014陕西） 6. He born in a poor family,but only received a limited education in his childhood. 归纳： A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的____________ B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的____________。被动语态构成：___________________________. 二.什么时候用被动语态 1.强调动作的承受者 2.不知道动作的发出者 3.没有必要说出动作的发出者三、八大时态的被动语态请把下列句子改为含有被动语态的句子： 1) We speak English. 2) Everybody respects them. 1.一般现在时被动语态：_______________________________ 1) They bought ten computers last year． 2) The people supported him． 2.一般过去时被动语态：_______________________________ 1) We will discuss the question at the next meeting. 2) If the weather permits, we will complete the work on time. 3.一般将来时被动语态：_______________________________ 1) Susan is cooking dinner. 2) They are building nine parks. 4.过去将来时被动语态：_______________________________ We would discuss the question the next week. 5.现在进行时被动语态：_______________________________ 1)We were building several new high roads. 2) They were designing the car. 6.过去进行时被动语态：_______________________________ 1) We have planted some trees around the lake. 2) Someone has turned off the light. 7.现在完成时被动语态：_______________________________ 1) She had cleaned the kitchen． 2) We had decorated the room．

英语语法被动语态归纳总结

英语语法被动语态归纳总结一、单项选择被动语态 Don't worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.1．was being repaidBAwill be repaid ．．was repaidDChas been repaid ．．A【答案】【解析】later in life意为在以后的生活试题解析：考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语that you do nownow在句中，可以判断为将来时态，此处要注意的是不要被前文的混淆，the hard work的定语成分，与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意：不要担中充当A。心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选考点：考查时态辨析。 2 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the ．bird flu virus.had been confirmedconfirmed BA．．have confirmedDCwas confirmed ．．C【答案】【解析】2014H7N9年，当时，一名女性被确诊感病毒的报告发生在试题分析：句意：一例人感染was reported in 2014Confirm可知，是过去的事情，先行染了禽流感。证实，确认，根据confirmwoman2014BD是动宾关系，即她、与词是，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除；C。是被确诊的，故选考点：考查时态与被动语态 3()The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of 江苏四校第四次考试．the missing________shortly.have been publishedBAwill be published ．．are publishedChad been published D．．A【答案】【解析】shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来考查时态。时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。A答案： The affairs of each country should be by its own people.4．settledAelected B．．containedCdeveloped D．．B【答案】． settle，【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选Bcontain electdevelop “”。选举；。意为包含，控制。故选解决发展； Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?—5．Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.—has been sentwas sent BA．．would be senthad been sent DC．．B【答案】——Peterson——很【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？ZimbabweUncle Peterson被派到去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时Bhesend选项正确。和之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，态。且主语 6The singer's music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four ．weeks ago.has viewedBAviewed ．．has been viewedCwas viewed D．．D【答案】【解析】B. was viewedA. viewed过去式的被试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。，一般过去式；D. has been viewedC. has viewed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意：，现在完成式；动语态；9百自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近music videosincehas done 是被从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时万次。形式，又因D。访问的，故要用被动语态。故选考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。 7Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth ．_________very well.had been told; washedBAhas been told; washes ．．had been told; was washedDCwas told; was washed ．．B【答案】【解析】考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语故用过去完成时。像: washed随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告态，结合前面时态可知，应选。句意B。诉她那种布很好洗。故选

高考英语被动语态、条件状语从句和让步状语从句导学案

被动语态、条件状语从句和让步状语从句李仕才课程目标一、学习目标 1. 条件状语从句及其连词的用法。 2. 让步状语从句及其连词的用法。 3. 被动语态。二、重点、难点重点：条件状语从句、让步状语从句及被动语态。难点：让步状语从句和名词性从句的区别。三、考情分析这三种语法是高考考查的重点语法，历年考题中占有重要的地位，一般能在单选中占3-4分；在完形填空中也能占2-3分；我们复习时要特别注意这几种语法及其做题技巧，认真研究近几年的高考题。知识梳理一、条件状语从句【教材原句】 If you say the word “communication”, most people think of words and sentences. 如果你说单词“交流”，大部分人会想到单词和句式。 If our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding a weapon. 如果我们的右手忙着问候别人，它就不可能握有武器。考点1引导条件状语从句的从属连词【用法】连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, provided, suppose, supposing 等。【例句】 You can leave now if you like. 如果你愿意现在就可以走了。 As long as it doesn’t rain we can go.

只要不下雨，我们就可以去。 In case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘记，请提醒我一下。 I will come on condition (that) she is invited too. 如果邀请她来, 那我就来。 He may go with us provided [providing] he arrives in time. 他若及时到达，就可以和我们一起走。【考题链接】 they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once 答案：D 解题思路：句意：一旦他们决定去哪个大学，学生就应该搜索入学手续。once 一旦，根据句意选择D。考点2条件状语从句的时态【用法】当主句为将来时态或具有将来意义时，条件状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。【例句】 Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 如果你不是太累的话，让我们出去散步。 I’ll stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 要是明天下雨，我就呆在家里。【考题链接】 We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours _______ well. A. is working B. works C. will be working D. worked 答案：B 解题思路：句意：如果你的那个新经济计划效果不好的话，我们今年会失去很多钱。在条件状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时态，那么从句用一般现在时态表示将来意义。考点3if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种【用法】真实条件句表示现实情况中可能实现的情况。非真实条件句也叫虚拟条件句，表示与现实情况相反的假设情况。【例句】

英语语法：被动语态

语法专题复习：动词的被动语态( Passive Voice ) 【Teaching goals】 1.了解五大时态的被动语态结构并掌握其用法。 2.掌握被动语态中特殊的一些表达形式。 3.学会总结所接触语言材料中的规律。【Teaching Important Points】了解英语各时态的被动语态及一些特殊表达形式。【使用说明】课前认真阅读复习指导用书相关内容并完成自主学习部分的练习。【自主学习】 Task 1 英语动词分为两种语态：主动语态( active voice)和被动语态( passive voice )。______________表示主语是动作的执行者；___________________表示主语是动作的承受者。 Tell whether the following sentences use active voice or passive voice. 1. English is spoken by many people. ( ) 2. Children often sing the song together. ( ) 3. They will take their daughter to hospital tomorrow. ( ) 4. Our classroom must be cleaned every day. ( ) 5. He was laughed at by all the people. ( ) 6. I borrowed this book from the library last week. ( ) Task 2 被动语态由________________________构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。以write 为例说明被动语态在以下时态中的构成：

高中英语现在完成时的被动语态学案

高中英语现在完成时的被动语态学案（语法复习） 1、复习被动语态1) 被动语态的结构：be + p、p、2) 一般现在时被动语态的结构：am/is/are (not)+p、p、3) 一般过去时被动语态的结构：was/were (not)+p、p、4）含有情态动词被动语态的结构： can/could/may/might/will/would/shall/should/must/need(not )+be + p、p、5）一般将来时被动语态的结构：will (not)/be (not) to+ be+ p、p、 2、用所给词的正确行使填空1) Running races (hold) on the playground yesterday、2) Food (serve) between12:00 and14:00 every day、3) Nobody can (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket、4) Whoever breaks the law, he (punish)、Suggested answers:1) were held2)

is served3) will be allowed4) will be punished Step2 语法学习 1、DiscoveringLook at the following sentence, paying attention to the underlined part、EXAMPLE: Over time I have been changed a lot、 Go back to page18 to read the passage Who am I ?, pick out the sentences in the present perfect passive voice and translate them into Chinese、 2、ThinkingLet students look at the tense used in the sentences they picked out and think over this question: What is the structure of the present perfect passive voice? 3、 Summing upThe structure of the present perfect passive voice is “have/has+ been + p、p、”、 It is a combination of the present perfect tense (have/has + done) and the passive voice (be + p、p、)、Turn to page87 and look at the chart of the present perfect passive voice、现在完成时的被动语态的构成（以动词ask为例）肯定式否定式疑问式I havebeen asked…You have He/She/It hasWe haveYou have They haveI havenot been asked…You have He/She/It hasWe haveYou have They have Have I Have you

英语语法被动语态

the Passive Voice 被动语态

1. 语态的概念语态（voice）是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态。主动语态（the Active Voice）：表示主语是谓语动作的执行者。被动语态（the Passive Voice）：表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

1. 语态的概念例如： The people make history. History is made by the people. 人民创造历史.历史是人民创造的.（主动语态）（被动语态）

2. 被动语态的构成通常由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。现以动词do为例，将被动语态的时态变化以表格形式加以说明：

时态被动语态构成（be+done）一般时态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时一般过去将来时进行时态现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时过去将来进行时完成时态现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时过去将来完成时 am/is/are + done was/were + done will/shall be + done would be + done am/is/are + being done was/were+ being done have/has been + done had been + done will have been + done would have been + done *** ***

3. 被动语态的用法 ①不知道动作的执行者是谁。例如： The bridge was built in Qing Dynasty. 这座桥建于清朝。

2020-2021学年英语北师大版必修4学案：Unit11单元语法(一)——被动语态

Period Six Grammar 单元语法(一)——被动语态 [语法图解] [语法感悟] 单句语法填空 1．The Group of Eight, or G8, was_formed (form) by eight of the world's wealthiest nations in 1998. 2．The G8 is_made (make) up of political leaders from France, the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan, Italy, Canada and Russia. 3．It is going to be remembered as a historical meeting this year, as the topic of Africa will_be_discussed (discuss) in detail. 4．Reforms have_been_demanded (demand) by people all over the world. 5．We can't use the bridge now, because it is_being_repaired (repair)．

一、动词语态的基本概念语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态，主动语态(Active V oice)和被动语态(Passive V oice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。同一件事往往既可以用主动句又可以用被动句来表达，但侧重点有所不同。一般来说，主动语态侧重于行为者即动作的发出者，而被动语态侧重于动作的对象即动作的承受者。 They have caught a snake. 他们抓住了一条蛇。 All the old houses along the street have been pulled down. 沿街所有的旧房子都已经被拆掉了。二、被动语态的构成被动语态的基本形式是由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。时态被动语态的构成一般现在时is/am/are＋动词的过去分词一般过去时was/were＋动词的过去分词一般将来时will＋be＋动词的过去分词； is/am/are＋going to be＋动词的过去分词过去将来时would be＋过去分词现在进行时is/am/are＋being＋动词的过去分词过去进行时was/were＋being＋动词的过去分词现在完成时have/has＋been＋动词的过去分词过去完成时had＋been＋动词的过去分词含情态动词情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词我们的教室每天都被打扫。

【备战高考】英语语法被动语态归纳总结

【备战高考】英语语法被动语态归纳总结一、单项选择被动语态 1．8 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years. A．killed B．were killed C．have killed D．have been killed 【答案】B 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：在圣塔菲高中，一名17岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪，在圣塔菲高中杀害了8名学生和2名教师。8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语，复数形式，和kill之间是被动关系，再根据in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的事故之一，可知这是在讲过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为B。 2．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 3．—Are we about to having dinner? —Yes, it ________ in the dining room. A．serve B．is serving C．is being served D．has been serving 【答案】C 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——我们准备去吃饭吗？——是的，饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜，和动作serve之间是被动关系，且动作正在进行，四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。 4．一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings? 一Not until our plan________ by the committee． A．will be approved B．approves C．is to approve D．has been approved 【答案】D 【解析】

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