英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气:

表示说得话不就是事实,不可能发生或者说可能性很小得情况,表达一种愿望、建议、假设。

if were/did, would do

if had done, would have done

if were to do/should do, would do

举例:

If I were you, I would do nothing about it、

If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake、If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低),they wouldn’t go shopping、附注:

虚拟语气,条件状从倒装

状语从句中,去掉if,提前were/ had/ should

如:If I were you, I would give up、

→Were I you, I would give up

If you had taken the advice, you would have…、

→Had you taken the advice, you would have…

If the world should e to an end,……

→Should the world e to an end……

另外,without, but for, otherwise构成得条件状语从句中,也有含蓄得虚拟语气

But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today、(popularization 普及,publicity 宣传)

Without your help, I would have failed、

We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat、(表示可能性小)

但其实,高中英语考试也常考:

错综虚拟语气条件句

即: 假设条件状从发生得时间与所假设得谓语动词不一致,此时,主句与从句要根据各自得时间而定。

举例:

If our government had known better how to lay out the road construction, the traffic jam problem would not be so serious today、

(lay out 规划、设计、安排、陈设、摆放… layout n、布局、规划)

二、特殊句式:

I wish I hadn’t made such an irrevocable mistake、(irrevocable不可撤销、不可以挽回得)

2、「十个词」

一坚持:insist (表示坚持主张、认为,不表示坚持说)

二命令:order, mand

三建议:advise, propose, suggest (表示建议,不表示表明、显示、暗示)

四要求:desire, demand, require, request (两R两D)

这些动词后面得宾语从句要使用(should +) do得形式should可省略

例:

We suggested that Tom (should)have a rest、

It’s suggested that the plan be carried out before long、

(before long, 不久之后, long before很久以前)

尝试翻译:她坚决要求我到场

同时,这些动词得名词形式构成得名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、同位语)也要用虚拟语气

order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire、

例

It’s an order that the soldiers obey the rules in the army、

My suggestion is that everyone of us three finish one part of this project and then we integrate them together、(integrate整合)

3.would rather 宁愿

I would rather you had been to the movie instead of me、

Don’t e today, I would rather you came tomorrow、

4.部分As if/though 句子好像、似乎

Tom told me this fairy tale in a manner as if it had happened for real yesterday、5.If only……、要就是…就好了

6.It’s ( about/ high) time that 就是时候做……

+ 1、过去式2、should do

It's time that you went to bed、

说到这里,补充两个句式:

It is the 1st (2nd /3rd ) time that … have/ has done…、

It was the 1st time that … had done…、

7.It’s necessary/ strange/ natural/ important/essential that……、

从句动词用(should) do

It’s essential that we master a foreign language when doing international trade and business、(essential 必要得、本质得、基本得…、、)

8.情态动词+have done

would have done 本来要做

could have done 本能够做(却没做)

might have done 本来可能

should/ought to have done 本来应该做

shouldn’t/ oughtn’t to have done 本来不应该做

needn’t have done 本来不必要做

您本来不应该告诉她真相。

当时我没有足够得钱,否则我会买那本书得。

练习:

1.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_______、

A、breaks

B、has broken

C、were broken

D、had been broken

2、He talked as if he ______ for years、

A、is living there

B、was living there

C、has lived there

D、had lived there、

3、______ you listened to the doctor, you ______all right now、

A、Had, would be

B、Had, would have been

C、If, would be

D、If, would have been

4、If there were no subjunctive mood, English _______ much easier、

A、will be

B、would be

C、could have been

D、would have been

5、______ today, he would get there by Friday、(双选)

A、Had he left

B、Was he leaving

C、Were he to leave

D、If he leave

E、Would he leave

6、He treated me as though ____ his own son、

A、I am

B、I would be

C、I was

D、I were

7、_________I be free tomorrow, I could go with you

A、Could

B、Should

C、Might

D、Must

8、Should it rain, the crops__________

A、would be saved

B、would have been saved

C、will be saved

D、had been saved

9、Have you ever been to Tokyo?

----No、but I wish I ______、

A.have B、will C、do D、had

10 、I wish I _______ there then、

A.was B、were C、had been D、would be

11、She was so upset that she burst into tears、

I would rather you _______her all about it,

A didn’t tell B、hadn’t told

B.don’t tell D、won’t tell

12、The young man insisted that he __________ nothing wrong and ______free

A、did; set

B、had done; should be set

C、should do; be set

D、had done; must be set

13、He made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______Iraq

A、leave; for

B、leave; to

C、left; to

D、to be left; for

14、The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____ the rules、

A、obeys

B、obey

15、It’s time that we _____ to bed、

A、must go

B、will go

C、went

D、have gone

16、If only I _________ my watch、

A、hadn’t lost

B、haven’t lost

C、didn’t

D、don’t

17、If only I _______ as young as you are、

A、being

B、am

C、be

D、were

E、was

18、A few minutes earlier and we ______ the train、(双选)

A、have caught

B、had caught

C、were to catch

D、could have caught

E、would have caught

19、Do you know where he es from?

No, but his accent suggests that he _____from the south、

A.was B、be C、is D、were

20、I was quite busy yesterday, otherwise I _______ to the meeting、

A、came

B、would e

C、had e

D、would have e