高考名词练习题及配套参考答案

高考名词练习题及配套参考答案
高考名词练习题及配套参考答案

高考名词练习题及配套参考答案

一、单项选择名词

1.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.

A.consequence B.independence

C.competence D.intelligence

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:老师们要不断地更新自己的知识以保持他们能够胜任工作的能力。A. consequence 结果; B. independence独立; C. competence 资格,能力,胜任,称职;D. intelligence 智力。根据句意,C项符合此处语境。故选C。

2.Because of the heavy snow, the researchers failed to reach their ________ on time as expected.

A.stage B.agreement

C.kingdom D.destination

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:由于大雪,研究人员未能如期到达目的地。A. stage阶段;B. agreement协议;C. kingdom王国;D. destination目的地,根据题意,故选D。

3.The broken window was the that the house had been broken into.

A.evidence B.expression

C.scenery D.function

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。A. evidence证据; B. expression表达; C. scenery风景; D. function功能。句意:弄坏的窗户是这所房子被破门而入的证据。故选A。

4.The success of her book has given her high social .

A.status B.sculpture

C.approval D.figure

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:她的书的成功给了她很高的社会地位。A. status地位;B. sculpture 雕塑;C. approval批准;D. figure数字,根据题意,故选A。

5.How amazing it is that Zuckberg can speak Chinese! After all, it is a big_____ for any westerner to learn such a totally different language.

A.adventure B.achievement

C.trend D.challenge

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。A. adventure冒险;B. achievement成就;C. trend趋势;D. challenge 挑战。句意:扎克伯格会说中文是多么令人吃惊啊!毕竟,对任何西方人来说,学习一门完全不同的语言是一个巨大的挑战。根据句意可知此处表示“挑战”,故D项正确。

6.Donald Trump made a _____ to the nation that he would struggle for lower taxes and improve health care after taking office.

A.contribution B.commitment

C.devotion D.donation

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。A. contribution贡献;B. commitment承诺;C. devotion奉献;D. donation 捐赠。句意:唐纳德·特朗普向全国承诺,他上任后将为降低税收和改善医疗服务而奋斗。故B选项正确。

7.Seeing the happy ________ of children playing in the park, I’m overjoyed and sure of the future of our country.

A.sight B.view C.scene D.sign

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场面,我欣喜若狂,对我们国家的未来充满信心。A. sight视力;眼界;见解;B. view视野;意见;风景;C. scene场面;情景;D. sign标志;符号。根据语境,此处表达“看到孩子们在公园嬉戏的快乐情景(scene)”之意,scene常指包含人的活动的场景,其他三项均不符合语境,故选C。

8.That party has been in ________ for many years and it has showed its ________ in dealing with many important problems.

A.power;energy B.power;strengths

C.force;energy D.force;strengths

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:那个政党已经执政很多年了,并且在处理许多重要问题上显现出了它的优势。in power意为“执政、当权”,故排除C.D。energy意为“能量”, strengths意为“优势”。根据翻译可知B项正确。

9.People are very frightened when they think of the in which someone is eaten by a tiger. A.sight B.scene C.view D.sign

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:人们一想到有人被老虎吃掉的情景就非常害怕。A. sight视野B. scene场景C. view视线D. sign标志。根据句意及常识,人脑海中浮现的一般是一个场景。只有B项符合。故选B。

10.Charles Darwin explained the ________ of species on earth in his book that came out in1859. A.ancestor B.origin C.belief D.custom

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:查尔斯·达尔文在他1859年出版的书中解释了地球上物种的起源。A. ancestor祖先;B. origin起源;C. belief信仰;D. custom习惯,风俗。结合句意可知答案为B。

11.Jin Yong, one of the greatest kung fu fiction writers in China, has an extraordinary _______ of language.

A.concern B.command C.gift D.occupation

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:金庸,中国最伟大的功夫小说作家之一,有着非凡的语言能力。A. concern考虑;B. command统帅、命令;C. gift天赋;D. occupation占有。根据句意,他作为小说作家为人所知,自然有很好的语言能力。have a command of…为固定搭配,意为;“精通;掌握”故选B项。

12._________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change.

A.The Garden Party B.The Green Room C.To the Lighthouse D.Daisy Miller

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:《到灯塔去》是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫最具自传体色彩的小说,它围绕女性在社会中的角色、死亡和变化等主题展开了一系列的思考而非情节的描写。A. The Garden Party《花园聚会》;B. The Green Room《候场室》;C. To the Lighthouse 《到灯塔去》;D. Daisy Miller《黛西·米勒》。由“Virginia Woolf”可知,Virginia Woolf是To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》的作者。故选C项。

13.More than half of the participants said that getting married was not an

important___________ for becoming an adult.

A.tension B.restriction C.circulation D.criterion

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:超过一半的受访者表示,结婚并不是成为成年人的重要标准。A. tension 紧张;B. restriction限制,约束;C. circulation流通,传播;D. criterion标准,准则。根据getting married和becoming an adult可知,结婚是成为一个成年人的“准则”。故选D。

14.An advantage of living on the top floor of a high rise building is that you can get a good

_________.

A.scene B.scenery

C.sight D.view

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:住在高楼大厦顶层的优点是你能看很好地欣赏风景。A. scene 情景B. scenery景色 C. sight 景象 D. view风景。view“风景”普遍用语,指从某个角度所看到的风景。根据句意,故D选项正确。

【点睛】

Scene:1. 某地的景色、风景,指展现在眼前的情景,也可以指scenery的一部分

15.—It is reported that Fan Bingbing broke the law of tax.

—Well, the ________ for her is so heavy that it is a warning to high-incomers.

A.reward B.fare C.fine D.charge

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:——据报道,范冰冰触犯了税法。——嗯,对她的罚款很重,这对高收入的人来说是个警告。A. reward报酬;B. fare公共交通费;C. fine罚款;D. charge费用。上一句说范冰冰触犯了税法,因此此处是说对她的处罚(罚款),故C项正确。

16.Students and teachers gather together for a morning ______________ each Monday to attend the ceremony of raising the national flag.

A.inspection B.inscription

C.assembly D.commitment

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:每周一,学生和老师们齐聚一堂,参加升旗仪式。A. inspection检查;B. inscription题词;C. assembly集合;D. commitment承诺,根据题意,故选C。

17.While many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the _____ of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world. A.atmosphere

B.branches

C.campus

D.strength

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意:虽然许多英国人最喜欢的莫过于在周日割草,但有些人却乐于坐在树枝下欣赏世界的美景。A. atmosphere气氛,氛围;B. branches树枝,纸条;C. campus校园;D. strength力气。分析句子可知,人们应该是坐在树枝下欣赏美景。故选B。

18.When it comes to modern communication, network safety is always a major ______ . A.concern B.advantage C.opportunity D.solution

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:当涉及现代通信,网络安全一直是一个主要担心的问题。A. concern 关心;令人担忧的事实(或情况;B. advantage优势;C. opportunity机会;D. solution解决。网络安全一直是现代通信的一个主要担心的问题。故选A。

19.He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ___ was seen at its best when he worked with others.

A.aspect B.appearance C.talent D.character

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:他证明了自己是一个真正的绅士,当他和别人一起工作时,他的性格之美达到了极致。A. aspect方面;B. appearance外貌;C. talent才华,天才;D. character 性格,品质。根据句中a true gentleman 和when he worked with others.可判断绅士在工作时表现出的是性格品质,而不是外表或才华,故选D。

20.The _____on his face suggested that he was extremely angry.

A.impression B.sight C.appearance D.expression

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:他脸上的表情表明他非常生气。A. impression印象;B. sight视力,景象;C. appearance外貌,外表;D. expression表情,脸色。根据on his face可知指面部表情,故选D。

21.I would like to thank all of you who made the effort. It is a relief that employees so clearly show their _______ to their job. Thank you.

A.devotion B.application C.connection D.invitation

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:我要感谢所有付出努力的人。员工们如此热爱自己的工作让人感到欣慰。谢谢。A. devotion奉献,专心;B. application申请;C. connection联系;D. invitation邀请。devotion to 意为“献身于,热爱”,因此使用devotion符合句意,故选A。

22.Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.

A.reputation B.campaign C.appetite D.occupation

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己的声誉。A. reputation名誉;B. campaign运动;C. appetite胃口;D. occupation职业,占有。由“by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price”可知,reputation“名誉”符合句意。故选A。

23.---What's new?

---The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival travel ____ , also known as chunyun, will ___ on Jan 10 and end on Feb 18.

A.dash; kick out B.rush; kick off C.flow; kick in D.jam; kick up

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析和动词短语词义辨析。句意:---有什么新消息?---即将到来的40天的春运高峰期,又称春运,将于1月10日拉开序幕,2月18日结束。A. dash破折号; kick out 撵走;B. rush 高峰期; kick off 开始;C. flow 流动 ; kick in 药物开始起作用;D. jam 拥挤; kick up 出故障。由“The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival”可知,第一个空在说春运高峰期。由“end on Feb 18”可知,第二个空在说春运的开始时间。end与kick off“开始”相对应。故选B项。

24.One of the Disney cartoon characters, Donald Duck, is always quick to find ____ with others and brings laugher to people of all ages.

A.mistake B.error C.blame D.fault

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:迪士尼的卡通人物之一唐老鸭总是急着去挑别人的毛病,给各个年龄段的人带来笑声。A. mistake错误;B. error错误;C. blame责备;D. fault缺点、毛病。find fault with sb是固定搭配,表示“挑某人毛病”,故D项正确。

25.If you feel any_____ in your neck, put a towel under your head for support when sleeping. A.tension B.abortion C.submission D.dimension

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你感到颈部肌肉紧张,睡觉时放一个毛巾在头下垫着。A. tension 紧张(在句中表示颈部肌肉紧张);B. abortion 堕胎;C. submission 屈服、提交;D. dimension 方面、维度。结合句意可知,此处用“颈部肌肉紧张”符合语境,故选A项。

26.The report at the conference analyses in detail why a new legal is needed to better protect the environment.

A.currency B.framework C.allowance D.occupation

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:会议上的报告详细分析了为什么需要一个新的法律框架来整好地保护环境。A. currency通货;B. framework框架;C. allowance津贴;D. occupation职业。根据语境和各选项分析可知,故B项正确。

27.The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my ________.

A.scene B.sight

C.view D.scenery

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。A. scene情景;B. sight视力、视野;C. view角度;D. scenery风景。句意:那个足球总能让我想起我在那场比赛中犯的错误,所以我把它放在我看不见的地方。out of sight表示“视野之外;看不见”,故B项正确。

28.The building under _____for stay-at-home children will be completed in March A.contribution B.construction

C.coincidence D.composition

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析及固定搭配。contribution贡献,捐赠,捐助;construction建造,建筑物; coincidence巧合; 一致;composition作文,作曲。句意: 正在被建的留守儿童楼将于3月竣工。本句说的是建筑物,因此要用建造中。under construction意为“(正在)修建中”,因此选B。

29._________ Services at Harvard University offers support to disabled students in finding an ideal place to live in.

A.Labor B.Concept

C.Ceremony D.Accommodation

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意:哈佛大学的住宿服务为残疾学生提供了寻找理想居住地的支持。A. Labor劳动;B. Concept观念;C. Ceremony典礼;D. Accommodation住宿,根据题意,故选D。

30.Determination is a good ________ and that is what it takes to do anything well.

A.quality B.standard C.principle D.motto

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意:决心是一种好品质,它是做好任何事情所需要的。A. quality 品质;B. standard标准; C. principle原理;D. motto座右铭。决心是一种品质,故A项正确。

名词性从句高考真题2019-

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名词性从句高考真题(2018-2009)

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