四级英语翻译练习及答案

一、习俗

春节

春节是中国最重要，也是最热闹的古老节日之一。春节象征着团结、兴旺

以及对未来寄予新的希望。据记载，中国人过春节已有四千多年的历史。中国是个多民族的国家，各民族（nationality）过春节的形式各有不同，

但是无论在中国的那个地方，人们都会在春节期间全家团圆，吃年糕(New Year cake)、饺子以及各种丰盛的饭菜。人们张灯结彩，燃放鞭炮，并互相祝福。

Spring Festival is China's most important and also the most popular one of the ancient festivals. Spring symbolizes unity, prosperous and placed a new hope for the future . According to records, the Chinese New Year has 4000 years of history. China is a multi- ethnic country , nationality in the form of New Year vary, but regardless of that place in China , people during the Spring Festival family reunion , eat New Year cake, and a variety of hearty dumplings meals. People decorated, set off firecrackers , and bless each other.

二、艺术

京剧脸谱

京剧脸谱（Peking Opera facial makeup）是具有民族特色的一种特殊的化妆方法。由于每个历史人物或某一种类型的人物都有一种大概的类型，就像唱歌、奏乐都要按照乐谱（music score）一样，所以称为“脸谱。关于脸谱的来源，一般认为脸谱来自假面具。京剧脸谱是广大戏曲爱好者非常喜爱的一门艺术，国内外都很流行，被大家公认为是中国传统文化的标志之一。

Peking Opera facial makeup is a special feature of a national cosmetic methods . As each historical figure or a certain type of person has an approximate type , like sing , play music to the music score, so called "Facebook About Facebook 's origin is generally believed that mask from the mask . Peking Opera is very popular majority of opera lovers an art , is very popular at home and abroad , are all recognized as one symbol of Chinese traditional culture .

三、历史

汉字

汉语是一种很古老的语言。大量文献记载说明，汉字起源于新时器时代（the Neolithic Age）仰韶文化时期，最早的汉字已有近4,000年的历史。汉字在其漫长的发展中演化出不同的书写形式，例如篆书（seal script）、隶书（official script）、楷书（regular script）和行书(cursive handwriting)。中国书法家笔下的汉字往往以字形的夸张取得艺术效果，例如一些旅游胜地的石刻碑文。

Chinese is a very old language . Well documented instructions , the Neolithic Age Yangshao Neolithic period to the earliest Chinese characters for nearly 4,000 years of history. Different forms of writing Chinese characters evolved in its long development, such as Seal seal script, official script, regular script and cursive handwriting. Chinese calligraphy pen shaped characters tend to get exaggerated artistic effects , such as some of the tourist attractions of stone inscriptions

四、人文

花木兰

花木兰是中国著名古诗《木兰辞》中描绘的一位替父从军的英雄。因木兰的父亲年事已高，不能经受奔波劳苦，木兰又没有兄长可以代替老父，于是她把自己乔装成男子代父从军。虽然这个故事是否真实不得而知，但是千百年来，花木兰作为孝顺的典范而深受中国人的尊敬。1998年，美国迪士尼公司将花木兰的故事改编成了动画片，受到了全世界的欢迎。

Mulan is a famous Chinese poem , " Mulan " depicted in the army for the father of a hero . Mulan 's father, due to advanced age, can not withstand the rush toil , magnolia and no brother can replace his father , so she gave her father's army disguised as a man . Although this story is true is not known, but thousands of years, Mulan as a model of filial piety and by the Chinese people 's respect. 1998 , Walt Disney Company will Mulan story adapted into animation, has been welcomed by the world.

五、游玩

上海

上海，位于东海之滨，长江出海口处，是中国最大的城市，拥有超过两千万的人口。上海作为旅游胜地以其历史地标，如外滩、城隍庙、现代化的浦东天际线、东方明珠电视塔（Oriental Pearl Tower）而闻名，并享有新世界文化和设计中心的声誉。如今，上海是中国大陆最大的商业和金融中心，被称为世界增长最快的经济体典范。

Shanghai , located in the East China Sea , at the mouth of the Yangtze River , China's largest city, with more than twenty million population. Shanghai as a tourist destination for its historic landmarks such as the Bund , Temple , modern skyline of Pudong , Oriental Pearl Tower is known, and enjoy a new world of culture and design center 's reputation . Today, Shanghai is China's largest commercial and financial center , known as the world 's fastest-growing economy model.

六、美食

北京烤鸭

北京烤鸭是北京的招牌菜，它的独到之处在于不仅味道鲜美，而且含有丰富的营养价值，被誉为“天下美味”，驰名中外。北京烤鸭需经过约45分钟的烤制，烤出的鸭子以皮质酥脆（crispy skin）、肉质鲜嫩为特色，这是其受欢迎的最大原因。在众多的北京烤鸭店中最知名的两个是全聚德和便宜坊，这两家烤鸭店都已经有上百年的历史了。

Beijing roast duck is Beijing 's signature dish , it is unique in that not only delicious , but also rich in nutritional value , known as "the world delicious " famous. Beijing roast duck to be after about 45 minutes of baking , baked crispy duck in the crispy skin, featuring fresh meat , which is the biggest reason for its popularity . Among the most famous Beijing roast duck shop two are Quanjude and cheap Square , this two roast duck restaurant have been a hundred years of history.

七、热议

无手机焦虑症

近来，无手机焦虑症（nomophobia）成为人们讨论的一个热点话题。无手机焦虑症指的是人们对于脱离手机的恐惧。研究发现，很大一部分人在远离手机的时候都会感觉不舒服。据此，专家建议，如果你痴迷于手机，那

么你应该试着放下手机，特别是在和家人或者朋友一起出去的时候。持续专注于手机也会给人际关系造成阻碍。

Recently, nomophobia has become a hot topic of discussion . No phone anxiety disorder refers to people from the phone for fear . The study found that a large number of people away from the phone when will feel uncomfortable. Accordingly , experts recommend that if you addicted to the phone , then you should try to put down the phone , especially in and out with family or friends when . Continued to focus on mobile phones can also cause obstruction to relationships.

八、流行

电子书

现在人们习惯于使用智能手机（smart phone）、平板电脑（tablet PC）或者专门的电子阅读器来阅读。电子书（E-books）越来越为人们所接受。电子书是一种数字形式的书，它可以包含文字、图片或二者兼有。从传统意义上讲，电子书是纸质书的电子化，但其实许多电子书并没有纸质的对应物，电子书已成为一种新型书籍。电子书以数字形式存储，因此人们随时都可以阅读。

Now people are accustomed to using a smart phone, tablet PC or dedicated e- reader to read. E-books is more and more accepted. E-book is a book in digital form , it can contain text, images , or both. Traditionally , e-books are electronic paper book , but in fact a lot of e-books and no paper counterpart , e-books have become a new kind of books. E-books stored in digital form , so people will always be able to read.

九、思索

“光盘”行动

“光盘（Clear your plate）”行动是一个提倡节约粮食的公益活动。提出该活动的志愿者们建议人们外出就餐时吃光或者把剩饭剩菜打包带回家，从而形成一种勤俭节约（diligence and thrifty）的社会好风气。如今，随着社会经济的快速发展，人们对节约粮食的号召通常不削一顾。而“光盘”行动显然是在提醒人们：节约粮食仍是需要被奉行的一种美德。“光盘”行动取得了良好的开端，但关键还要持之以恒。

" Clear your plate" action is an advocate for food conservation charity . The event raised volunteers recommend that people eat when dining out or put leftovers packaged to take home , creating a diligence and thrifty social good atmosphere . Nowadays, with the rapid development of social economy , people do not usually call to save food cut a care . The " CD" action is clearly remind people : saving the food is still a virtue that needs to be pursued . " CD" action made a good start, but the key must persevere.

十、经济

网络购物

如今很多人都会借助互联网在家里舒舒服服地购物，网络购物已成为人们最喜爱的购物方式之一。对于消费者来说，网络购物不仅方便，选择范围广，价格具有竞争性，而且更容易获取商品信息。对于商家来说，网络提供了更多的客户和更大的市场空间。对于整个市场经济来说，这种新型的购物模式可在更大的范围内、更广的层面上以更高的效率实现资源配置（allocate resources）。

Today, many people will use the Internet to shop comfortably at home , online shopping has become one of the most favored way to shop. For

consumers, online shopping is not only convenient , wide range of options, competitive prices , and easier to obtain product information . For businesses , the network provides more customers and greater market space. For the entire market economy, this new type of shopping patterns in a larger context , on a broader level in order to achieve greater efficiency of resource allocation.