动词及动词词组辨析
动词和动词词组辨析
上海市风华初级中学沈洁
第一部分知识点梳理
一、动词辨析
1.borrow; lend; keep
borrow借入（不能与延续性时间状语连用）常
用于borrow sth. from sb.I borrowed a pen from Mary yesterday.
lend借出（不能与延续性时间状语连用）常
用于lend sb. sth. 或lend sth. to sb.-
Would you lend your MP4 to me
keep保存，保留（引申为“借用”）能和表示
时间段的时间状语及how long等连用How long may I keep this dictionary
2.cost; pay; spend; take
(形式)主语谓语宾语补语
人spend%
Time or money on sth./ (in) doing sth.
物或事cost money
事take time or money
人、
pay
money
Jane ______ much money on pets.
This TV set ______ me much money.
It ______ me ten minutes to go to the post office.
We’ll ______ you in a few days.
3.carry; fetch; take; bring
bring某人从某地带来某物carry'
某人保持拿某物的状态fetch某人往返一趟取得某物take某人将某物从某地拿走She ______ her baby in her arms.
_____ the rubbish away.
Remember to ______ me an umbrella.
Go and _______ the dictionary.
4.invent; discover; create
invent:
通过想象或实验创造出以前不存在的东
西Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
discover发现早已存在，只是一直未被人发现或
知道的东西She discovered the dog under the dog.
create通过想象创造出新的人物形象或戏剧角
色He created many famous characters.
5.memorize; remember
remember指一件事或印象是在记忆中，
多想想可以想得出)
Hellen could not remember when she had been so happy.
memorize有意识地去“默记”或“熟记”
以留下印象My English teacher asked us to memorize these new words.
6.raise; rise
raise举起，提起，增加（及物动词）Tom raised his arms
above his head.
rise人或物从低处向高处上升，数量增加
（不及物动词）Look, the sun is rising.
7.~
8.look at; see; watch
watch观看某个正在或将要发生、移
动或变化的事物或事件等
He is watching TV.
see看见某物（强调结果）It was so dark he could
hardly see.
look at用视线投注在某物上（强调行
为）Students are looking at the teacher.
9.steal; rob
( steal 暗中偷窃别人钱财（常用steal sth.
from sb.）
My bike has been
stolen.
rob用暴力抢劫别人财物(常用rob sb. of
sth.)She was robbed of her ring.
10.say; speak; tell; talk
say 说（着重于所说的话。作及物动词时，
后接名词、代词、动词不定式等或
that/ wh-从句作宾语）His passport says he is 29.
speak!
说（着重开口发出的声音。多作不及
物动词，如作及物动词，后接
languages）I was so surprised that I could not speak.
tell告诉，讲给别人听Tell you the truth.
talk多作连续性的说话和交谈They are talking
business.
11.damage; hurt
damage常指车辆、房屋、庄稼等
无生命物体受损或毁坏
而失掉其价值、用途或外
表&
His car was damaged in an accident.
hurt指肉体上的伤害，也可指
精神上的伤害He hurt his back when he fell.
12.accept; receive
accept接受（表示接受者经过考
虑，愿意接受）I accepted the invitation.
receive收到（强调行为本身，不
涉及收受者是否接受）I received an invitation.
~
Yesterday I _____ a letter ______ Mary.
I did ________ his invitation but I didn’t _______ it.
13.arrive; get; reach
arrive到达（不及物动词，后面跟
地点时，必须加介词in或
at）
I arrived at bus stop.
get到达（后接名词要加to; 表
示到家用get home）When did you get home yesterday evening
reach到达（及物动词，后面直接
跟表地点的名词）<
They reached Los Angeles on Saturday.
二、动词词组辨析
1.join; take part in; attend
2.be made of; be made up of
3.be used to; used to
4.happen; take place
7. look for; find out; find
三、其他(1)
1.look
look after 照看，照料look at看look forward to doing sth.期待着
look like 看上去像look out 注意留神look up查寻，抬头看
2.put
put off延期put on穿，戴上，上演put out扑灭put up 举起，挂起
3.take
take a look看一看take a message for sb.给某人捎个口信take up 开始从事
—
take away拿走take one’s advice听从某人劝告 take charge of负责，管理
take hold of抓住take notes记笔记take off脱掉（衣服）起飞take care of照料take out取出take an underground (train)乘地铁
4.turn
turn up/down (把音量等)调高、调低turn on/off开、关掉（电灯、电视、收音机等）
turn out结果是，证明是turn over翻（车、页），翻身turn into 变成
5.get
get along/on (with)进展，与---相处 get back返回get up起床
get on /off上、下车get ready for为---准备get rid of摆脱
get tired of对---感到厌倦get to到达get into the habit of养成---的习惯
6.make
)
make a decision作出决定make a film拍电影make a fire生火make a living谋生make a mistake犯错误make a noise弄出声
make friends with与---交朋友make fun of拿---开玩笑make money 赚钱
make progress 取得进步make the bed整理床铺make up one’s mind下决心
7.go
go ahead 向前走，去吧go for a swim去游泳go shopping去购物
go home 回家go on继续go on a diet实行节食
go on a picnic 去野餐go on with/ doing sth.继续做某事go out熄灭
go over复习go sightseeing去观光go wrong 出错go to bed 就寝go to college上大学go to school 上学
go to sleep入睡go to the cinema/movie(s)看电影go to (the) hospital 去医院（看病）
8.keep
@
keep a diary记日记keep fit保持健康keep---from使---免于
keep in touch(with) 保持联系keep off阻挡，不让---接近keep quiet 保持安静
keep sb. busy让某人忙不停keep doing sth.继续做某事
四、其他（2）
ask for请求care for照顾、喜欢get ready for准备leave for动身去look for寻找pay for付钱
prepare for准备search for搜查wait for等待
2. away
run away逃跑 throw away扔掉take away拿走
。
think of想起get rid of摆脱get tired of对---感到厌倦
hear of听说run out of用完、耗尽take hold of抓住take charge of负责、管理die of因—病而死dream of梦想
hear from收信learn from从---学到keep from阻止，使---免于protect from保护—免受prevent from妨碍、阻止某人做某事stop from 阻止---做
tell from 区分、辨别come from来自
5.off
get off下车keep off阻挡，不让---接近put off延期
see--- off送行show off炫耀
6.|
7.with
communicate with与---交流deal with处理
be connected to/ with与---连接keep in touch with与---保持联系
make friends with与---交朋友play with与---一起玩share with分享talk with/ to sb.与---谈话
8.on
depend on依赖、依靠come on快，跟我来get on上车
go on继续hold on等一等（别挂电话）live on靠---生play a trick on作弄put on穿，戴上，上演rely on依靠try on试穿turn on打开
9.up
！
dress up穿着打扮look up查寻，抬头看wake up醒来，叫醒
grow up 成长put up举起、挂起take up开始从事
pick up拾起shup up住口stay up熬夜
10.out
pick out 挑选出point out指出put out扑灭
sell out售完take out取出turn out结果是、证明是
work out做出、算出find out查明真相go out熄灭
look out注意、留神
#
第二部分练习
一、基础练习
Choose the best answer
( ) is the kind of person whom people like to make ______.
A friend with
B friends of
C friends
D friends with ( )2. How long have they _______ the computer
（
A bought
B had
C borrowed
D sold
( )’s raining heavily outside. Remember to _______ the raincoat to him when you go there.
A bring
B take
C carry
D buy
( ) little boy can ______ the top of the shelf.
A get to
B arrive at
C reach
D receive
( ) _______ these dogs at home when the Smiths are abroad.
A looks up
B looks for
C looks after
D looks in
( ) can ______ water into ice or steam.
A turn to
B turn
C turn off
D turn on
( )7. The plane ______ here for ten minutes already.
A has come
B has been
C has been to
D has stopped
;
( )8. Though the child is very young, he can already _______ the time.
A talk
B say
C read
D tell
( )’s unnecessary for us to ________ so much money on these useless
books.
A cost
B spend
C take
D pay
( )10. Have you _______ who took away my key
A found
B found out
C looked for
D got
( ) ______ living in the countryside to the city.
A likes
B prefers
C enjoys
D loves
( )12. The earth is our home. We must ______ the land, air and water clean.
A change
B share
C notice
D keep
( ) girls enjoy ______ skirts in spring.
|
A wearing
B dressing
C putting on
D having
( ) I _______ your dictionary
---- Of course. But you mustn’t _______ it to others.
A borrow, lend
B borrow, borrow
C lend, borrow
D lend, lend
二、拓展练习
( )1. Judy likes Chinese painting and she ______ the hobby group at school.
A has taken part in
B has joined
C has attended
D has come into
( )2. He could _______neither French nor German, so I _____ with him in English.
A speak, talked
B talk, told
C say, spoke
D tell, talked
》
( )3. I don’t know Sam’s telephone number. Will you please _____ in your address book for me
A look up it
B look it up
C look for it
D look at it
( ) are very sad and angry to hear that the bad milk powder _____ the death of over 30 babies.
A made
B did
C brought
D caused
( )5. The VIPs(Very Important Persons) from 21 countries will _____ the APEC in Shanghai this autumn.
A hold
B take part in
C join
D attend
( ) magnificent the Bund looks at night when all the lights are ______!
A turned over
B turned off
C turned down
D turned on
( ) ______ after the big rain.
A rose
B raised
C was risen
D was raised ( ) ______ until Betty arrived very late.
A didn’t stay
B waited
C left
D hurried off ( )9. The race will _______ tomorrow morning.
A happen
B be happened
C take place
D be taken place ( )10. A full moon ______ in the sky that night.
A hung
B was hung
C handed
D was hanged
( )11. I’m sorry to hear that you have ______ these days.
A caught a cold
B caught cold
C had a cold
D had cold
( )12. Wood and stones _____ bridges in many countries.
A used to build
B are used to building
C are used to build
D used to building
( ) TV _____ for 10 minutes. You may watch it if you like.
A has begun
B has started
C has gone on
D has been on
Keys
一、基础练习
DBBCC BBDBB BDAA
二、拓展练习
BABDD DABCA CCD
2016届高考英语基础知识练习词汇辨析动词及其短语辨析的讲解与训练
动词及其短语辨析 高考英语词汇辨析一般在于同义词、近义词的词义和用法辨析、反义词之间的意义差别、词组（短语）的用法异同点以及一些习惯用法和固定搭配等。常见的有形容词与副词辨析、名词及其用法辨析、动词及其短语辨析、代词及其用法辨析、介词和连词等用法辨析。 动词及其短语辨析 1) 动词及其短语辨析难点 其难点一般在于考查动词易混词辨析、同义词、近义词、系动词、及物动词与不及物动词的用法等。动词短语的辨析仍是重中之重, 主要考查动词与介词或副词的固定搭配, 如:与介词的搭配、与介词副词的搭配、特殊句型、习惯用法以及语境中的用法等。 ①动词和动词短语易混词辨析 动词易混词的辨析主要涉及形状相近的动词之间的辨义,意义相近的动词之间的辨义,动词与其它形状相近、意义相似的词的辨义,意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨义,某些常用动词短语的辨义等。具体有:a.形状相同的动词之间的辨义,如:lie, lay； hanged, hung； rise, raise； sit, seat等;b.意义相近的动词之间的辨义,如:borrow, lend； speak, say, talk；hope, wish等；c.动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义,如:advise, advice； cost, worth； pass, past 等；d.意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨义,如:explain, say； discover, invent, uncover等；e.某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义, 如:ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear, come, take, put, break, turn等； f.某些常用动词短语的辨义, 如:give in, give out, give away, give up; turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。 ②动词的一词多义和动词短语的新义 考查动词的一词多义时,常考查考生易混淆的动词的含义,如:cover“包含；采访；(钱)够用”；count“有价值”；lay“摆放”；observe“庆祝”；promise“使可能”；put“表达”；say“写着”；see“为(某事)发生之时”；shelter“保护”；treat“招待”；work“起作用”等。 高考对于动词短语的考查,除了考查动词短语基本含义辨析外, 更注重动词短语不易被 考生注意的新义, 如:agree with“与……一致”；break down“失败；垮了”；break up“放假；断交”；come up“被提出”；come to“涉及;苏醒；总共”; fit in“相处融洽”；get up“站起来”；keep back“扣下”；look into“浏览”；make out“理解”；pick up“学会”；put aside“留出”；take up“从事于”；turn out“出现”；wear out“磨损；筋疲力尽”等。 ③在语境中的动词及动词短语辨析 有些动词或动词短语放到具体痛的语境中,应该据情景有不同的理解。 考生在复习动词辨析时,对于考纲中一些意义较多的词语一定要引起重视,特别要注意它们那些不太常见的意思,防止高考考查“熟词生义”。对于动词短语的复习,考生需根据动词短语的不同特点,掌握其运用规律,并熟悉动词和不同介词或副词搭配、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的区别。 2) 动词及其短语辨析考点 ①从语法搭配、习惯用法上进行辨析
英文中介词和动词短语的辨析
英文中介词和动词短语的辨析 Many students when learning English seem to get confused about exactly how to use prepositions correctly. The problem is that new English students either try to compare them, or to use them in the same way that they are used in their own language. This is something that does not always work. Although they CAN often be used in the same way, sometimes there are exceptions to the rule that just have to be excepted. For example: 1. I go home after work. And not (I go to home after work). 2. I am playing football at the weekend. And not (I am playing football in the weekend). They are all the little words that we use to join up phrases and sentences, so that they either sound right when we speak, or they look right when we write. There are over 150 of these joining words used in the English language. At, in, on, of, to, off, for, by, with, into, onto, after, about, after, before, behind, down, than, through, etc., are all such words. When trying to use these words correctly, it is best to learn them in a drip feed fashion. For example: One day could be spent learning how to use them with time, e.g. on Sunday, at night, at the weekend, at seven o' clock, etc. Another day could be spent learning how to use them with places, e.g. The pencil is on/in/next to/by/under the table, etc. Something else that also leads to confusion are phrasal verbs. With these verbs the list just seems to go on and on. But first let us take a quick look at the difference between a preposition, and an adverb. 1. The cat climbed up the curtain. (up is the preposition since it has an object, the curtain). 2. The cat ran off in the morning. (off is an adverb since it has no object, and talks about the verb ran).
动词短语及辨析总结
动词短语及辨析总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
2010高考二轮复习英语教案 专题五动词和动词短语 【专题要点】动词和动词短语是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，其主要考点概览如下： 1.实义动词sell, write, wash, wear等词的主动形式后跟副词表示被动意义； 2.happen, occur, break out, come out, belong to等词为不及物动词或短语，无被动形式； 3.同义、近义或结构近似的动词或短语动词的辨析； 4.由get, turn, break ,take, set, come等动词构成的动词短语；5.have和get常见的用法； 6.appear, seem和look的用法与区别。 【考纲要求】动词和动词短语，在历年高考题中所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中，考纲要求在复习备考中要掌握以下几个方面: 1.动词的词义； 2.动词搭配； 3.动词短语； 4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法； 5.常用动词的用法； 6.熟记16个高频动词构成的短语用法（break, bring, call, come, cut, give, go, get, hold, look, make, put, set, take, turn, set等） 【教法指引】考查动词词义辨析和动词短语辨析是高考命题的基本形式，教师在引导学生复习备考中，要把握考纲要求，重点突出，找出易混点，重点词、词组，高频词、词组，正确辨析动词的同义词、近义词，动词短语的相近形式和意义，引导学生理解句意、语境通过辨析、理解语境，在训练中掌握这项考点。【知识网络】动词和动词短语 一、动词的分类 根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为四类： 1.行为动词（实义动词） ①及物动词（带宾语）：study, develop; ②不及物动词（不带宾语）work, swim, go, come ③状态动词（相对静止）contain, exist, own, prefer, belong ④动作动词延续性（work, stay）；非延续性（marry, go, come）
2020高考英语专题复习：动词及动词短语辨析
备战2019高考英语专题-动词及动词短语辨析-巩固提升练习（含解 析） 一、单选题 1.The policeman_________ two thieves who were caught stealing in the supermarket. A. brought up B. brought into C. brought in D. brought out 2.Can Operation Mekong, a bloody and cruel and violent real-life tale, an entertaining 90 minutes in the movie theater? A. account for B. push for C. make for D. head for 3.When making a speech, it is important to __________ one's message__________ to the audience. A. get; away B. get; out C. get; across D. get; down 4.She ______ a headache and this ______ made her unable to sleep all the night. A. was suffered from… suffer B. is suffering…suffering C. suffered…suffered D. was suffering from…suffering 5.As his wife was dismissed from her company last month, the news that he might also lose his job ________ his anxiety. A. added to B. appealed to C. applied to D. attended to 6.When we ________after a long talk, we found the children sleeping in _______beds. A. separated; separate B. separated; separated C. separate; separate D. separate; separated
高考英语常考动词短语辨析
高考英语常考动词短语辨析 Agree agree vi.同意；持相同意见 I cannot agree with you on this point.在这一点上，我不能同意你的意见。 sb agree with sb 同意某人的话，意见 sth agree with sb 某物，某事适应某人 agree to sb 建议 agree on sth 在某一点上取得一致意见 agree up sth 在某一点上取得一致意见 agree to do sth 同意干某事 Break break vt.打破；损坏；破坏 We should all take a little break before dessert. 吃甜点之前我们大家应该稍微休息一下。 break down 机器坏了=go wrong 身体垮了/终止谈话 I had never seen a grown man break down and cry. 我未曾看到过一个这么强壮汉子痛哭失声。 break in 闯入，插话 break off 忽然停止讲话/断绝，结束/暂停工作，休息 break out （战争等）爆发；逃出（无被动式） break through 打破包围 break up 驱散，学校的放学 The police had to employ force to break up the crowd.警察不得不使用武人群。break away from 脱离，逃说，与…断绝来往/改变某种习惯 Bring bring vt.拿来；带来；取来 I'll bring some of my pictures into the gallery. 我就带一些我的摄影到艺廊来。bring about =cause，result in，lead to bring down 使倒下，使下降 bring force 使产生，引起 bring forward 提出建议=put forward/提前 bring in =get in the pops/使得到某种收入
动词短语和词义辨析
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