初中英语名词知识点

初中英语名词知识点
初中英语名词知识点

初中英语名词知识点:名词的分类

名词的分类:名词分为专有名词和普通名词。

等。专有名词的Lilei,Shanghai,1、专有名词:个人,地方,机构等专有名称,如:China首字母通常要大写。具体说来,它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及English 圣诞节星期五ChristmasJuly吉姆China中国七Friday某些抽象名词等。如:Jim 英语

、普通名词:指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。2

等。,student,cup,deskfighter1)个体名词:某类人或东西中的个体,如,gun,country 一般可数,有单复数形式。

等。一般可数,有单class,police,)集体名词:若干个体组成的集合体,如2family,team 复数形式

air等。一般不可数,没有单复数之分。tea)物质名词:无法分为个体的实物,如cotton,,3 life,,worklovehealth4)抽象名词:动作,状态,品质,感情等抽象概念。如,happiness,等。一般不可数,没有单复数之分。

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初中英语名词知识点:名词所有格

名词的所有格:

's 所有格:1、

1)构成:

the teacher's office, Xiao Li's sister's husband's mother. + 's.:A. 一般词尾

workers' rest room. 尫?尠:s 结尾的复数名词只B. 以

children's toys. :s结尾的复数名词加'sC. 不以

my sister-in-law's brother. 's:D. 复合名词只在最后一个词的后面加

Dick's and Tom, James 's:This is E. 表示共同所有的几个名词,只在最后一个词的后面加room.

's:F. 表示各个所有关系的几个名词,在每个名词后分别加

Jenny's, Jean's and Mary's rooms face to the south.

a quarter of an hour's talk. :名词短语只在最后一个词后加'sG.

)用法:2

Lei Feng's dairy. A. 名词所有格主要用于表示有生命的名词,表示所属关系:

today's paper. an hour's drive. Friday's work. B. 用于表示时间的名词:

the country's plan. the farm's fruit. China's population. 用于表示地理、国家、城市等名词:C.

our party's stand D. 用于表示由人组成的集体名词:

two dollars' worth of books. a pound's weight. 用于表示度量、价值的名词:E.

所有格:、of2

属格表示所属关系:属格的情况可用of 's 1)凡不能用

the City of New York. a map of China.

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2)下列情况通常要用of 属格:

A. 当名词有较长的定语时:

the name of the girl standing at the gate.

Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday.

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初中英语知识点:名词所有格用法

;不规则复数结尾的复数名词只加?岯构成所有格;以-s或-es结尾的单数名词加以-s?岯或?环加在最后的名词上;表示各自拥有某件;两者或两者以上共同所有,把?环名词在词尾加?环东西时,每个名词都要用所有格形式。

] [ 咸宁_________fathers are both scientists.

Jim and Bob Jim and Bob's D..Jim's and Bob's C.A.Jim's and Bob B

来表达。吉?环解析]当两个人分别拥有时,要在每个人后都加名词所有格的标志[答案]B。[ 。?环,故选B姆的父亲和鲍勃的父亲不是一个人,所以在其后都加

] 河北[_____room is big and bright.They like it very much.

Tom's and Sam's Tom and Sam's D...Tom and Sam BTom's find Sam C.A

只需要在第二本题考查名词所有格的用法。表示两人共同拥有某一事物时,[解析]答案[]C。。?环。故选C个人的后面加

] 兰州―Her skirt is more beautiful than . [ ―How's Joy's skirt?

A. her sister's and Kate

B. her sister and Kate

C. her sister and Kate's

D. her sister's and Kate's

当某物为几个人所共有时,只在最后一个名词后用所有格形式;如表示两][。解析答案[] D 者或两者以上分别所有,应在每个名词后用所有格形式。

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初中英语名词知识点:可数名词和不可数名词

英语中的绝大多数名词既可以用作可数名词也可以用作不可数名词。

1.可数名词

可数名词一般可以分成以下三类:

为例:factory等,这类名词占可数名词的多数。以bike 第一类:如bike,desk,

辆自行车。There are fifty bikes at this shop.这家商店有50

为例:clothes等,本身表示复数形式。以clothes第二类:如

.她爱好穿着。She cares for nice clothes

.不可数名词2

不可数名词的用法特征主要有以下几种:

1()不带冠词的单数形式需用动词单数作谓语。例如:

Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。

little等词修饰。例如:)由much,(2

.他们存了很多钱以备未来使用。They have saved much money for future use

等连用。例如:3)与表示单位的量词如a piece of(

.给我去拿一支粉笔。Go and fetch me a piece of chalk

a good news, 要十分注意的是:不可数名词不能与不定冠词或数词直接用在一起。如不能说an advice, a hard work等。

不可数名词可以与量词使用构成不同的词组:

一滴水a piece of paper 一张纸a drop of water 如:

a bag of money 一袋钱a 1oaf of bread 一条面包

a pair of shoes 一双鞋一瓶牛奶a bottle of milk

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可数名词及其复数形初中英语名词知识点:式

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名词作定语形式及特初中英语名词知识点:点

作定语的名词往往是说明中心名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。

作定语的名词有以下三种形式:

一般用单数形式。A.

石桥a stone bridge

a meeting room 会议室

morning exercise 早操

London Airport 伦敦机场

a story book 故事书

鞋店a shoe shop

要与所修饰的名词的单复数一致。B. man, woman

一位女教师a woman teacher

两位女教师two women teachers

C. sports, sales, clothes, goods, arts, customs等只用复数形式。

a sports meet 运动会

货车a goods train

海关customs house

a sales manager 营业主任

现从四个方面来讨论名词定语的特点:

一、名词定语的语法作用

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1.代替作定语用的介词短语。

a garden chair=a chair in the garden

Canada wheat=wheat from Canada

safety regulations=regulations for safety

machine shop practice=practice in a machine shop

2.名词定语代替形容词或分词作定语。

race problem→racial problem

China cotton→Chinese cotton

launch pad→launching pad

research worker→researching worker

在以上词例中,使用名词与使用形容词或分词并没有什么区别。

3.代替带's的所有格定语--在名词前加上定冠词the就可以代替名词的所有格,但是这个名词是专有名词。

the Tom composition=Tom's composition

the Carter grin=Carter's grin

4.代替定语从句。

investment money= money that is set apart for investment

the milk boy= the boy who brings the milk

二、名词定语与被修饰语之间的语义关系

作定语的名词都是后面一个名词的修饰语,但是它们之间的关系却各有不同。

1.名词定语表示逻辑上的主语,被修饰的词表示宾语。

a department decision(a decision which is made by the department)

the volcano eruption(the eruption that is made by the volcano)

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有时正好相反,名词定语相当于宾语,而被修饰的部分表示主语:

a drug addict(a person who is addicted to drug)

an animal trainer(a man who trains the animal)

2.名词定语作状语,被修饰语相当于谓语。在这一类结构中,表示谓语的名词常由动名词或动作名词来充当。

impulse buying=buying on impulse

instrument flying=flying by means of instrument

3.名词定语表示同位关系。这种用法可以说明某人的职业、职位。

Judge Darling Singer Carpenter Cardinal Nelson。

还可以表示特征、身份:

a supplier country= a country which is a supplier

a killer shark= a shark who is a killer

her lawyer brother=her brother who is a lawyer

traitor and robber Dickinson=Dickinson

三、与同词根的形容词作定语时的区别

1. 在通常情况下,如果没有相应的派生形容词,原则上可直接用名词作定语,或与之构成合成词。

hair style 发型

tooth ache 牙疼

service counter 服务台

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分;有其所有格形式;在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词,而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词;不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中,可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词,不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念,不能用具体的数字来表示,视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物,因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰,一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)

初中英语语法之一名词 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。 2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。 3)物质名词(Material Nouns):表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。 4)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词(mCountable Nouns),物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:||专有名词 || | 名| | 个体名词 | | || || 可数名词| || | 集体名词 || ||普通名词 || | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | || || 不可数名词| || | 抽象名词 || 1.1 名词复数的规则变化 ___________________________________________________ 情况构成方法读音例词 _________________________________________________ _ 一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/;bag-bags car-cars __________________________________________________ _ 以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词加 -es读 /iz/bus-buses watch-watches ______________________________________________ __ __ 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses __________________________________________________ _ 以辅音字母+y变y 为i 结尾的词再加es读 /z/baby---babies 1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数: 如:two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较:层楼:storey ---storeys story---stories 2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时: a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos; b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可,如:zero---zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时: a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs; b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves; c. 均可,如:handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 (1)按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I(宾格)________ 2、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 3、us(主格)________ 4、they(宾格)________ 5、she(宾格)________ 6、you(名词性物主代词)________ 7、it(宾格)________ 8、my(复数)________ 9、him(复数)________ 10、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 11、we(单数)________ 12、they(名词性物主代词)________ 13、I(反身代词)________ 14、you(反身代词)________ 15、she(反身代词)________ 16、he(反身代词)________ 17、it(反身代词)________ 18、I(反身代词)________ (2)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben. 8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you). 10. How old is (he / his)? (3)用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. (4)填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊?是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

人教版初中英语单词全册

七年级上册英语单词表 Starter Unit 1 good /gud/ adj. 好的 morning /'m?:ni?/ n. 早晨;上午Good morning! 早上好! hi /hai/ interj. (用于打招呼)嗨;喂hello /h?'l?u/ interj. 你好;喂afternoon /,a:ft?'nu:n/ n. 下午 Good afternoon! 下午好! evening /'i:vni?/ n. 晚上;傍晚 Good evening! 晚上好! how /hau/ adv. 怎样;如何 are /a:/ v. 是 you /ju:/ pron. 你;你们 How are you? 你好吗? I /ai/ pron. 我 am /?m/ v. 是 fine /fain/ adj. 健康的;美好的 thanks /θ??ks/ interj.&n. 感谢;谢谢OK /?u'kei/ interj.& adv. 好;可以 Starter Unit 2 what /w?t/ pron.&adj. 什么is /iz/ v. 是 this /eis/ pron. 这;这个 in /in/ prep. (表示使用语言、材料等)用;以 English /'i?gli?/ n. 英语adj. 英格兰的;英语的 in English 用英语 map /m?p/ n. 地图 cup /k?p/ n. 杯子 ruler /'ru:l?/ n. 尺;直尺 pen /pen/ n. 笔;钢笔 orange /'?rind?/ n. 橙子 jacket /'d??kit/ n. 夹克衫;短上衣 key /ki:/ n. 钥匙 quilt /kwilt/ n. 被子;床罩 it /it/ pron. 它 a /?/ art. (用于单数可数名词前)一(人、事、物) that /e?t/ pron. 那;那个 spell /spel/ v. 用字母拼;拼写 please /pli:z/ interj. (用于客气地请求或吩咐)请 Starter Unit 3 color /'k?l?/ n. (=colour) 颜色

初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练答案(5)

一、选择题 1.She ______ her______every evening at home. A.does;homework B.does;homeworks C.do;homework D.do;homeworks 2.Is it a picture_________ your school? A.of B.to C.and D.with 3.There are two________ near our school. A.shoe shops B.shoes shops C.shoe's shops D.shoes' shops 4.—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A.the biggest city; any B.the biggest cities; any C.the biggest cities; any other D.the biggest cities; the other 5.There________some water in the bottle. A.is B.am C.are D.be 6.These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A.Jerry’s and Jenny’s B.Jerry and Jenny’s C.Jerry’s sand Jenny 7.Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A.is; the bike B.are; bikes C.are; the bike D.is; bikes 8.Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A.is having B.are having C.have D.has 9.—It’s convenie nt(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A.two hours drive B.two-hours drive C.two hour’s drive D.two hours’ drive 10.— How much are the __________? — Eight yuan a kilo. A.broccoli B.potatoes C.beef D.bread 11.It's about ten __________ walk from here. A.minutes' B.minute's C.minutes D.minute of 12.Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A.May B.July C.September D.November 13.________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish th e English reading materials in ________ limited time. A.Increase; 100 minutes’B.To increase; a 100-minute C.Increasing; 100-minutes’14.When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday. A.seven-day B.seven-days C.seven days

人教版初中英语词汇表

人教版初中英语词汇表初中英语词汇表 (1600个) a (an) art. ability n. able adj. about prep. above prep. abroad adv. accept v. accident n. according to prep. achieve v. across prep. act n. & v. action n. activity n. add v. address n. advantage n. advertisement n. advice n. advise v. afraid adj. after adv., prep & conj. afternoon n. again adv. against prep. age n. ago adv. agree v. agreement n. air n. airline airplane n. airport n. album n.

all adj. & pron. allow v. almost adv. alone adj. along adv. & prep aloud adv. already adv. 第 1 页共 48 页 also adv. although conj. always adv. America / the USA American adj. among prep. and conj. angry adj. animal n. another adj. & pron. answer n. & v. ant n. any pron. & adj. anybody pron. anyone pron. anything pron. anyway adv. anywhere adv. appear v. apple n. April n. area arm n. army n. around prep. arrive v. art n. article n.

初中英语语法名词篇

初中中考英语语法 (名词篇) 语法总述: 名词篇: 名词的种类:英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类: 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如:Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词,如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成,往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词,如the United States,the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。

labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如: box, child, orange; 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如:water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数:英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式:

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