初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解与练习题
定语从句的用法和精练
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
（一）限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作
宾语)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如: He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如: Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.
例如: I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
h.有两个定语从句时，其中一个宜用which，另外一个宜用that。如：
They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
I .当先行词在主句中作表语。而关系代词在从句中也作表语时，如：
Shanghai is no longer the city that is used to be.
(5) 关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。{
d.先行词后面有插入语时，只用which不用that。
Here is the English grammar book which, as I’ve told you, will help you improve your English.
（6）as引导限制性定语从句常用下列句式；
a. such+名词+as..
b. such(pron)+as
c.the same +名词+as
(二)非限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法
1.关系代词在任何情况下都不能省略，如
I want to buy a dictionary, which is valuable to my learning.
2.who, whom , which不能用that代替。如
This is New York, which I have visited for several times.
3.which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是一个词也可以是一个句子。如
He was late again, which made the teacher very unhappy.
五、关系副词的用法
（一）当关系代词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。其中when=表示间的介词（如：in，at，on,during等）+which；where=表地点的介词（如：in,at,on,under等）+which；why=表原因的介词（如：for）+which.如：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing . (when=on which)
Can you tell me the office where he works?(where=in which)
Do you know the reason why he is absent?(why=for which)
（二）where/when=介词+关系代词which，有时为表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from/to等，如：China is the birthplace of kites,from where kite flying spreads to Japan,Korea,Thailand and India.
(三)关系副词when,where可用于非限制性定语从句中，而关系副词why不可以。
I.单项填空。
1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?
-Yes, he’s our headm aster.
A. he
B. who
C. which
D. whom
2. Is this the river _____I can swim?
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. the one
3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. it
4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?
A. that you bought
B. you bought it
C. that you bought it
D. which you bought it
5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.
A. which agrees
B. who agree
C. who agrees
D. which agree
6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.
A. that
B. it
C. which who
7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate
A. who’s
B. whose
C. that of which.
8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.
A. which; is
B. whom; was
C. who; is
D. who; was
9. I love places ______the people are really friendly.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. who
10. The world ______ is made up of matter.
A. in that we live
B. on which we live
C. where we live in
D. we live in
11. Do you know the scientist _______ gave us a talk just now? (天津市)
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. whose
12. This is the dictionary _______ Mum gave me for my birthday. (省)
A. which
B. what
C. whose
D. whom
13. Shaolin Temple _______ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.
A. where
B. which
C. who
D. what
14. —Do you know the girl _______ is standing under the tree?
—She is my little sister. (市)
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. which
15. This is the question _______ we are talking about now. (省)
A. that
B. who
C. where
D. when
16. —What are you looking for?
—I am looking for the book _______ I bought yesterday. (市)
A. who
B. which
C. whose
17. Jack, there is someone in the office _______ would like to speak with you. (市)
A. who
B. which
C. whom
18. If a bag is filled with books and pens, it must belong to someone _______ works hard. (市)
A. which
B. /
C. whom
D. who
19. Many young people prefer the songs _______ have great lyrics. (市)
A. which
B. who
C. where
D. whom
20. Even teachers can’t understand some expressions _______ their students use in daily life.
A. whose
B. who
C. that
D. whom
21. Beijing is the 29th city _______ holds the Olympic Games. (市)
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. what
22. Have you read the book _______ I gave you yesterday? (市)
A. that
B. when
C. where
23. The man _______ came to our party with a present is my old friend. (市)
A. when
B. which
C. what
24. I like writers _______ write short stories. (襄樊市)
A. which
B. what
C. whom
D. who
25. —There are many volunteers _______ are helping the children in Sichuan.
—And most of them are college students. (市)
A. which
B. when
C. whose
D. who
26. We know Jackie Chan _______ movies are very popular with the young. (自治州)
A. whose
B. that
C. who
D. which
27. The boy _______ I talked with just now is my best friend. (市)
A. who
B. which
C. where
28. —What kind of music do you like?
—I like music _______ I can sing along with. (市)
A. who
B. that
C. what
29. He is the only student _______ plays table tennis better than Jim. (市)
A. why
B. where
C. who
D. which
30. —The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isn’t it?
—Yes, it has built many schools _______ those children can study happily. (市)
A. where
B. when
C. which
答案1-5CBCAC 6-10ABCCB 11—15 AABAA 16—20 BADAC 21—25 BACDD 26—30 AABCA
初中英语定语从句的用法解析
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初中英语定语从句专题训练答案
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初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with h im
(初三英语)定语从句专项练习及解析
（初三英语）定语从句专项练习及解析 1. I’ve found some pictures of the most interesting place ______ you can visit during the winter holidays. A. where B. which C. what D. that 2. I began to work in Shanghai in the year ________ Hong Kong was returned to China. A. that B. which C. where D. when 3. I still remember the park ________ we first met. A. that B. which C. where D. when 4. There are lots of things ________ I need to prepare before the trip. A. who B. what C. whom D. whose 5. You can’t wake a person ________ is pretending to be asleep. A. who B. which C. he D. / 6. I’ve become good friends in the class ________ speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which 7. I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when 8. Jane is one of the students in the class ________ have ever been to China. A. who B. whose C. which D. whom 9. The students in the higher grades ________ I met in a football game are my good friends now. A. when B. which C. who D. / 10. Who is the man ________ is reading a book over where? A. that B. which C. whose D. what 11. “ Get new knowledge by reviewing the old ” is a famous saying by Confucius (孔子) . He was a great thinker ________ words still have a great effect on millions of people around the world today. A. who B. who’s C. whose D. / 12. Do you still remember the day _______we first met? A．on which B. who C. what D. / 答案解析： 1.D 解析:先行词为pictures 是指物的名词，而且在从句中作visit的宾语，应用关系代词引导从句；先行词被最高级修饰。，关系代词只能用that 故选D项。 2.D 解析：先行词year是时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when 引导，故选D项。 3.C 解析：句意为“我还记得我们第一次见面的那个公园”。这是一个定语从句，先行词park是地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故选C项。 4.B 解析：先行词things 是指物的名词，在定语从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导，故选B项。
初中英语定语从句专项训练及答案及解析
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