新魅力英语 第1课

1.New words:

1)notorious (adj.) 臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的

反义词：famous

短语：be notorious for 因...而臭名昭著

e.g. The movie star is notorious for rumors.

这个电影明星因绯闻臭名昭著。

2)tend (v.) 易于，往往会

tendency (n.) 趋势，倾向

短语：tend to do 倾向于...

上升趋势：rising tendency

下跌趋势：declining tendency

e.g. Research shows people tend to be more aggressive when they are hungry.

研究表明人们饥饿的时候更容易有寻衅行为。

3)essentially (adv.) 实质上；基本上

essential (adj.) 必要的；本质的

(n.) 要素，要点

同义词：indispensable crucial

e.g. Mobile phone is essential for us.

Mobile phone plays an essential role / part in our life.

手机是我们生活的重要组成部分。

4)competent (adj.) 有能力的，能胜任的

compete (v.) 竞争，对抗，比赛

competition (n.) 竞争，比赛

e.g. He is competent enough to fill that position.

他足以胜任那职位。

5) impressive (adj.) 令人钦佩的；使人敬畏的；给人印象深刻的

impression (n.) 印象；效果

impress (v.) 使有印象

e.g. What impressed me the most is her efficiency.

我印象最深的就是她的办事效率。

6)prestige (n.) 威望，声望

prestigious (adj.) 有名气的

e.g. The old universities of Oxford and Cambridge still have a lot of prestige.

历史悠久的牛津大学和剑桥大学仍然享有很高的声望。

4.Phrases & Expressions:

at the expense of 以……作牺牲，以……为代价

e.g. Should people pursue their own happiness at the expense of others?

难道人们应该为了追求自己的幸福而不惜损害他人吗？

in part 在部分程度上；部分地

e.g. Skills play a part in taking exams.

考试中技巧能起到一定的作用。

5.Key sentences：

1)They say that the smarter the IT people are, very often the less competent they are emotionally and in interpersonal relationships, ... at the expense of EQ. (L8)

the + 比较级... , the + 比较级... 越...越...

翻译：英语越好的学生，通常数学就越差。

The better students do in English, the less competent they usually are in Maths.

6.Grammar points:

e.g. In the 1950s, eighty science Ph. D. Students were given IQ and personality tests, and were evaluated on such qualities as emotional balance and maturity, integrity, and interpersonal skills. (L21)

语法点：被动语态

被动语态构成：be + V-ed（过去分词）+ by ...

主动句：The dog bites the man.

被动句：The man is bitten by the dog.

不同时态中的被动语态：

1.一般现在时

e.g. The man is bitten by a dog.

2.一般过去时

e.g. The man was bitten by a dog a month ago.

3.一般将来时

一般进行完成

现在is/am/are+asked is/am/are+being asked has/have+been asked 过去was/were+asked was/were+being asked had+been asked

将来will+be asked

e.g. The man will be bitten by the dog again.

4.现在进行时

e.g. The man is being bitten by a dog now.

5.现在完成时

e.g. The man has just been bitten by the dog.

被动语态结构在不同时态中的体现，以动词ask为例：

翻译：

1.我们的教室每天都被打扫。

Our classroom is cleaned every day.

2.一家新商店昨天建成。

A new shop was built yesterday.

3.武汉明年将种植很多树木。

Many trees will be planted in Wuhan next year.

4.我的自行车正在被王叔叔修理。

My bike is being repaired by Uncle Wang.

5.这本书已经被翻译成多种语言。

The book has already been translated into several languages.

Practice:

1.句子翻译（中译英）

1)大麻被认为可以给癌症病人减轻痛苦。

关键词：marijuana 大麻；relieve pain 减轻痛苦

Marijuana is believed to relieve cancer patients' pain.

2)社区服务被视为给做错事的人的一个机会。

关键词：community service 社区服务；wrongdoers 做错事的人Community service is considered a chance for wrongdoers.

3)应该限制枪支，让犯罪分子不能得到它们。

关键词：criminal 犯罪分子；keep out of one's hands 不能得到Guns should be controlled to keep them out of criminals' hands.