2008年3月中国科学院考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】

2008年3月中国科学院考博英语真题及详解

PART I VOCABULARY (15 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 point each)

Directions:Choose the word or expression below each sentence that best completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your

choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your

Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

1. In a materialistic and ______ society, people’s interest seems to be focused solely on monetary pursuit.

A. adaptive

B. addictive

C. acquisitive

D. arrogant

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在一个物欲和贪财的社会中，人们的目光似乎只盯在对金钱的追求上。acquisitive(尤指对物质财富、钱财等)渴望得到的，想获得的。adaptive适合的，能适应的。addictive上瘾的，醉心的。arrogant傲慢的，自大的。

2. Even if I won a million-dollar lottery, I would continue to live ______.

A. subtly

B. frugally

C. explicitly

D. cautiously

【答案】B

【解析】句意：即使我赢得了一百万美元的彩票，我也会继续保持我的节俭生活。frugally 节俭地，不豪华地。subtly巧妙地，精细地。explicitly明确地，显而易见地。cautiously 慎重地，细心地。

3. Doctors must inform ______ parents about the low odds of success in fertility treatments.

A. protective

B. respective

C. prospective

D. perspective

【答案】C

【解析】句意：医生必须告知期望做生育治疗的父母此种治疗的低成功率。prospective未来的，预期的。protective保护的，防护的。respective各自的，各个的。perspective透视的。

4. Moshe Katzma, 24, denied any ______ with the beating given to the homeless man, who was found outside a National Headquarters office.

A. involvement

B. admission

C. isolation

D. access

【答案】A

【解析】句意：二十四岁的Moshe Katzma否认与在国家总部办公室外发现的那个无家可归的人的被殴打事件有任何瓜葛。involvement with参与，有瓜葛。admission许可，承认。isolation隔离，孤立。access通路，接近的机会。

5. There are an estimated eight million people currently thought to be eligible to ______ income tax.

A. reclaim

B. recover

C. restore

D. return

【答案】D

【解析】句意：据估计，近期约有八百万人被认为有资格申报所得税。return申报，填报，如return the details of one’s income申报个人收入细目（报税）。reclaim取回，要求归还。restore恢复，归还，修复。

6. As the sky lightened even more, they began to ______ their surroundings more clearly.

A. fall out

B. fall into

C. make up

D. make out

【答案】D

【解析】句意：当天更亮一点时，他们开始更清楚地查看周边的环境。make out看清楚，弄清。fall out争吵，跌落。fall into分成，落入，开始讨论。make up弥补，和解，化妆。

7. China’s ______ cultural heritage should be better protected through increased efforts to preserve endangered art.

A. inalienable

B. intangible

C. intelligible

D. indivisible

【答案】B

【解析】句意：通过增加对濒危艺术的保护，中国的非物质文化遗产可以得到更好的保护。intangible无形的，难以理解的。intangible cultural heritage非物质文化遗产。inalienable(权利等)不可剥夺的，不可分割的。intelligible可理解的，纯概念性的。indivisible不可分割的，极微小的。

8. The matter is ______ settled; we may look upon it as being settled.

A. as long as

B. for good

C. for sure

D. as good as

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这件事差不多解决了，我们可以就当它已经解决了。as good as和…几乎一样，事实上。as long as只要，长达…之久。for good永久地，一劳永逸地。for sure 肯定地，确实如此。

9. An announcement of further cuts in government expenditure is ______.

A. imminent

B eminent

C. illiterate

D. emergent

【答案】A

【解析】句意：最近将发布进一步削减政府开支的公告。imminent即将发生的，逼近的。eminent值得注意的，卓越的，高耸的。illiterate文盲的，无知的。emergent突如其来的，新兴的。

10. The ______ in our soaps should come only from essential oils, which are steamed

or pressed from plants.

A. scents

B. scenarios

C. scenes

D. scales

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我们用的香皂中的香味只能来自从植物中蒸馏或挤压出来的香精油。scent 香味，气味。scenario剧情梗概，事态，设想。scene现场，场景。scale鳞片，水垢。

11. A ______ of this approach is that the variables are visually presented in a style

that can be understood by generalists and specialists alike.

A. value

B. merit

C. factor

D. worth

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这种方法的一个优点就是变量能以一种可视的方式展现出来，无论是多面手还是专家都可以理解。merit/value/worth都可用做名词，含“优点”、“价值”的意思，具体区别如下：merit指“成就或品质中值得赞扬的优点”；value指“重要性”、“价值”；worth 着重指“人或物本质中的优点或价值”。

12. Desperation, hunger, thirst, and resentment all make it more likely that people

will ______ a more powerful figure who promises them help and/or salvation.

A. be prone to

B. give in to

C. live up to

D. put an end to

【答案】B

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