中考英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)含解析

中考英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)含解析
中考英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)含解析

中考英语定语从句真题汇编(含答案)含解析

一、定语从句

1..-----1’11 never forget the school ______I used to study .

--So will I.

A. which B. what C. where

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:-我永远都不会忘记我曾经学习的那所学校。—我也不会。先行词school 在定语从句中作地点状语,可以用关系副词where代替。所以选C。

考点:考查定语从句。

2.Do you have books about famous scientists ________ are suitable for children to read? A.what B.which C.who D.whom

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意“你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗?”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what;B.which指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;

D.whom指人,在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知,先行词为books指物,在从句中作主语,故选B。

3.One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).

A.which B.who C.how D.what

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代物;B. who关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代人;C. how关系副词;D. what不能引导定语从句。根据One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).可知,先行词one指代人,所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作主语,结合选项可知B选项符合题意,故答案选B。

4.Do you know the man saved three pupils in the accident?

A.who B.it C.whom D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:你认识在事故中救了三个小孩的人吗?定语从句中,先行词指人时,用关系词who(作主语),whom(作宾语),that;先行词指事物时,用关系词

that/which。本题中,先行词the man指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who ,故选A。【考点定位】考查定语从句。

5.Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman

_________used the special power of the plant to save __________lives.

A.which, millions of B.who, millions of

C.whose, million of D.who, million of

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who;短语millions of:数以百万的;故选B。

6.The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.

A.that B.what C.whose D.who

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whose先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物,用that来引导,故答案为A。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。4)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

7.The book ______was written by him is very interesting.

A.who B.whom C.which D./

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:他写的那本书很有趣。

考查关系代词。A. who代指人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;B. whom代指人,在定语从句中做宾语;C. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构,可知本句为定语从句,先行词the book为物,而且从句中缺主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which;故答案选C。

8.Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A.which B.what C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。

A. which关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;

B. what不能引导定语从句;

C. who关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,根据 educationalis指人,所以用who,故选C。

9.“What are you doing?” “We are talking about the books and writers ___ we like.”

A.that B.which C.who D.whom

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:“你们在做什么?我们在谈论我们喜欢的书籍和作家。”。考查定语从句的引导词用法。本句的定语从句的先行词是book书和writer人,所以关系代词用that,故选A。

【点睛】

定语从句中用that不用which的情况有:1)当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing, anything等不定代词时;2)当先行词前面有序数词或者形容词最高级作定语修饰时;3)先行词既有人也有物时;4)当先行词前面有the very,the only修饰时。

10.Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_____tell you your weight?

A./ B.who C.whom D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:散步后坐下来很令人放松。但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗?

考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句,who和whom用于先行词是人时,前者多做主语(也可做宾语),后者只做宾语;that指人或物,可省略。本句先行词seat是物,可排除BD 两项;引导词做从句的主语,that不可省略,故选D。

11.—Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?

—You mean, the new police story _____was filmed by Chen Musheng?

A.who B.what C.whose D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意:—嘿,安娜。你愿意和我去看电影《白色风暴》吗?—你的意思是由陈木胜拍摄的新警察故事?定语从句的先行词story是物,关系代词在句中做主语,所以引导词用which,故选D。

【点睛】

关于定语从句中的关系词的用法:

关系代词who 指人,在定语从句中作主语;whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语;whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语;which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;

关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,

先行词既是人也是物的时候,关系代词用that。

12.—Have you heard of the Huawei Company?

—Sure, it’s one of the _____ companies _____ make us Chinese proud.

A.great; which B.greater; which C.greatest; that

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你听说过华为公司吗?——当然,它是使我们中国人感到骄傲的最棒的公司之一。

great伟大的;greater比较伟大的,是比较级;greatest最伟大的,形容词最高级;which 关系代词,可以引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that也是关系代词,先行词为人或物,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语。第一个空考查句型one of

the +形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“最……的之一”,故排除A和B,应选C。第二个空是that引导的定语从句,在从句中作主语。

13.Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.

A.that; whose B.how; who C.what; who D.what; whose

【答案】D

【解析】

that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语;what引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句,what,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little 宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。

考点:英语从句

14.The TV play is about a true story ___________ happened in Lijiang in 1998.

A.it B.what C.that D.when

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这部电视剧讲的是1998年发生在丽江的一个真实故事。考查定语从句引导词。it和what不可引导定语从句,可排除AB两项。when用于先行词指时间时;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句story是物,引导词在从句中做主语,需用连接代词that;根据句意结构,可知选C。

15.I really like the family photo ________ we took on my grandpa’s 80th birthday.

A.who B.that C.what D.whose

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我真的很喜欢爷爷80岁生日时拍的全家福。本题考查定语从句。A. who指代人;B. that既可以指人又可以指物;C. what不能引导定语从句;D. whose指代某人/物的。根据题干可知本句中的先行词是photo,指物,所以B选项that符合题意,故答案选B。

16.The photos successfully show the rich culture ______makes Shiyan so famous.

A.what B.which C.who D.why

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词;B. which先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;C. who先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;D. why引导定语从句时,在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture,指物,引导定语从句的关联词只能用which,故答案为B。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

17.The woman is the most important in my life is my mother.

A.which B.who

C.whom D.what

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我的人生中最重要的女性是我的妈妈。该句是一个限制性定语从句,先行词在句子中做主语,而且是人,所以用who来引导。故选B

【考点定位】考查定语从句

18. Chinese Spelling Hero is a popular TV show ________ focuses on Chinese character writing among teenagers.

A.that B.who C.whom D.what

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:《汉字英雄》是一个受欢迎的电视节目,侧重于青少年的汉字书写。此句是个复合句-定语从句,先行词TV show是物,先行词是物时用引导词that,在定语从中

作主语,结合句意和语境可知选A。

考点:考查定语从句。

19.-I like the teachers _________ explain things well. What about you?

-Me, too.

A.who B.which C.whom D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我喜欢解释东西解释得好的老师,你呢?--我也是。_________ explain things well做teachers的定语从句,根据先行词是人物,引导词在从句中做主语,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。

20.Recently the second season of “A bite of China”(舌尖上的中国II) has become a hit.. I think Chinese are those ___ can cook the most delicious food.

A. what B. who C. whose D. Which

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我认为最近舌尖上的中国II已经变的很成功,我认为中国人是那些能做出最美味的食物的人们。这里是定语从句,先行词是those,指人的时候,关系词用who。结合语境,故选B。

考点:考查定语从句的关系词。

21.— What did you do in today’s history class?

— We talked about the characters __________ achieve fame in our Chinese history.

A.when B.what C.where D.who

【答案】D

【解析】

D

试题分析:句意:你们在今天的历史课上做了什么?——我们谈论了在我们的中国历史上有名望的人物。此句考查定语从句,先行词characters指人,故关联词用who,在从句中作主语,答案为D。

考点:考查定语从句的关联词。

22.I like the actors are very famous now.

A.which B.who C.why

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:我喜欢那些现在非常出面的演员。先行词actors表示人,故用who引导定语从句,故选B。

23.Do you know the man_______ gave out food a few days ago?

A.who B.which C.whose D.whether

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:你认识那个几天前分发食物的男士吗?这里是定语从句。A. who引导定语从句,先行词是指人的;在定语从句中做宾语或主语; B. which 引导定语从句,先行词是指物的;在定语从句中做宾语或主语; C. whose引导定语从句,先行词是指人或指物的;在定语从句中做定语; D. whether是否。不能引导定语从句。The man先行词,是指人的,故选A。

24.Whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。

He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。

I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。

25.— What kind of movies do you like?

— I like the movies ____ are about Chinese history.

A.who B.whom C.whose D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:—你喜欢哪种类型的电影?—我喜欢那些关于中国历史的电影。本题考查定语从句的引导词,指代movies在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词that或which,故选D。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

26.The pen ________ you are looking for is under the desk.

A.who B.whose C.that

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:你正在找的那支钢笔在桌子下面。考查定语从句。三个选项都可引导定语从句:who的先行词是人;whose的先行词是物,表所属;that的先行词是人或物。先行词the pen是物,且在从句中做宾语,需用that引导;根据句意结构,可知选C。

27.The first thing________ I did on Mother’s Day was to make breakfast for her.

A.who B.where C.whose D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first

thing,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mother’s Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。

点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。

28.Friends are those ____ make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.

A.which B.what C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

句意“朋友是那些让你笑,总是敞开心扉对你以及鼓励你成功的人”。根据“n/pron____+句子”可知,用定语从句,先行词为those,指人,在从句中做主语。A.which指物,在从句中做主语和宾语;B.定语从句中,关系代词无what;C.指人,在从句中做主语和宾语。故选C。

29.—Tom, could you lend me the book ________ you talked about yesterday?

—Sure, here you are.

A.which B.what C.who

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:- 汤姆,你能借给我你昨天谈到的那本书吗?-当然了,给你。A.哪个B.什么C.谁,本题考查定语从句的关系代词,you talked about yesterday 部分使用来修饰“book”的,描述这本书是“你昨天谈到的”那本书,所以是book的定语从句,先行词book在定语从句中做宾语(做talk about的宾语),故选用关系代词that/which,故选A。

30.--Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? --The man _______ T-shirt is red.

A.that B.who C.which D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

考点:考查连词辨析。

【详解】

试题分析:句意:——李华,哪个是你的新邻居?——T恤是红色的那个男士。男士的T 恤,表示所有关系,用关系词whose,故选D。

初中英语语法知识—定语从句的真题汇编附解析(5)

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