中考英语阅读理解答题技巧

中考英语阅读理解答题技巧
中考英语阅读理解答题技巧

中考英语阅读理解

阅读理解在中考英语中,不仅是分数上的重头,也是难度上的重头.很多同学表示:我单词、短语背了那么多,平时做了那么多阅读题,长难句也试着攻克了,为什么还是又费时间,而且又错很多?今天小简老师为大家总结了阅读理解快速找到答案的秘笈,供同学们参考!

1. 首段和尾段

一篇文章的主题句、中心思想往往出现在文章的首段或者尾段。

许多文章开门见山地在第一段就提出了要说明的对象或者要论证的观点,而文章的最后一段一般也会对全文的说明和论证进行总结。

策略:

通过一些标志性词汇或者短语,我们可以更快地找到这些总结性句子,如:all in all, in short, to conclude, in consequence, in summary, in a word, as a result, therefore, accordingly, thus 等。

主题句考查了考生是否能够把握文章大意的能力,因此是常考且几乎是必考的一个考点。

2. 长难句

长难句是阅读理解的主要难度所在,其中包含了同位语、插入语、定语、不定式、分词、各种从句等,有的句子甚至长达好几行。这些复杂的句型也往往成为了出题的重点所在。

策略:

加强训练自己对付长难句的能力,平时有意识地去分解这些句子,理解其中的指代关系和句子层次。

3. 列举处

标志性的词汇包括:First, Second, Third… ; Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly… Finally; First of all, Then, In addition, Further, Furthermore, Besides, Moreover…

策略:

把这些词圈起来,考题中一般会出现四个选项对比,这样非常好在文章中找。

4. 举例处

例子往往与作者的说明与论述有很大的关联,具有重大的意义,因此也成为了考题出处的热点。这种题目在文章中的线索非常明显,一般都带有如下的标志性词汇:for example, for instance, take … as an example, as, such as, like 等。

策略:

一般文章举例处的前一句或者前几句就是与该例子相关的作者论点,所以在做此类题目的时候就需要追本溯源地往前读,才能保证所选答案的正确率。

5. 因果关系处

表示因果关系的句子是中考英语命题者所青睐的出题来源,因为因果句阐述了两个事件或者事实之间的内在联系,出题者为了考查考生的阅读能力和逻辑分析能力,经常会把含有因果关系的句子倒过来考,因此选项中因变成了果、果变成了因,考生需要注意辨别实际的因果关系,防止受到迷惑。

表示因果关系的词语有:because, because of, so, for, since, as, thus, therefore, consequently, in consequence, as a result; result from, result in, cause, originate from, lead to, attribute to, derive from; base, basis, reason, result, consequence 等。

6. 转折、对比、类比处

文章的转折也是体现作者观点和文章主题的地方,一些明显的转折词包括:but, however, on the contrary, yet, as a matter of fact, in fact, actually 等。策略:

转折词前后的意思一般来说都是相反的,而作者会偏重其中的某一方。因此,在阅读过程中看到转折词,最好能作上标志以方便做题时候的查找。特别需要指出的是,只要文章第一段中出现一组对比的概念或事物,这个地方往往会成为考题的命题重点。

7. 特殊词汇处

中考英语阅读试题中经常考查考生对于一些词语和词汇的理解,这些特殊词汇包括了平时不经常使用的生僻词、常见词语平时不经常用到的意思或搭配、以及关系代词等。

策略:

解题关键在于读懂词汇所在文章位置的上下文,从而推断中其意思。

8. 数字和年代

中考阅读中经常出现对于数字和年代等细节的考查,看似容易,但是考生经常由于疏忽大意而失掉这些最容易的分数。

其中要注意以下几点原则:

①如果出现需要进行运算的题目,一般来说文章的原始数据不是

正确答案;

②如果答案中的四个数字或者时间都与文章的某一个部分相符

合,那么要注意这些数字和时间所对应的不同问题,只选择与题目

相关的那个数据;

③要注意年份和世纪之间的差别,比如1999年就是20世纪,2009

年就是21 世纪,也就是说世纪的数字是年份的前两个数字加1。

9. 专有名词

所谓的专有名词包括人名、地名、机构名称、书籍文章影视作品的名称以及其他专有名词。在阅读文章的过程中,每遇到专有名词可以用铅笔作上标记,以便如果在题目中出现相应专有名词可以进行快速定位。

10. 最高级词汇

最高级词汇以及其他一些表示唯一性的词汇由于其意义的绝对性,因而不容易产生歧义,所以也经常成为出题对象。

这些词语包括形容词和副词的最高级,以及以下词汇:only, sole (solely), mere (merely), sheer, simply, entirely, absolutely, just, always, forever, never, none, must, all, any (anyone, anybody, anywhere) 等。

11.引用处

说明文或者议论文中经常引用他人的观点来支持、佐证作者的观点。引文有可能是从正面来支持作者的观点,也有可能是作者通过驳斥反面观点从而论证自己的观点。

因此,引文间接地表达了作者自己的观点,有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性,所以也是出题考查的热点地区,通常会考查考生的推理能力和对作者态度观点的判断能力。

12.段首和段尾

无论是说明文还是议论文,一篇文章往往会分成几个部分或层次进行说明和论证,每一个段落一般都是一个部分或者层次。

英美人写文章的逻辑性非常强,文章结构都非常规范,因此每个段落的首句和尾句也经常是该段落的中心思想句,因此也是出题的重点区域,涉及的问题包括了中心思想题、推理判断题和细节题等。

下文也将会提到,在进行快速阅读的时候,考生只需要浏览文章每一段的第一句话就大致能够判断这篇文章的中心思想和主旨。

13.特殊标点符号

有一些特殊的标点符号也经常成为出题的对象,因此考生应该对以下标点符号的用法较为熟悉:冒号、括号、破折号以及引号。

逗号:两个逗号之间的内容、或者一个逗号后面的内容,通常都起

到补充说明第一个逗号前面内容的作用。

冒号:冒号后面的内容通常都是用来解释说明前面的内容,例如前

面是抽象的概念后面就是对这个概念的具体说明。

括号:括号中间的内容通常用来解释或补充说明括号前面的内容。

破折号:两个破折号之间的内容、或者一个破折号后面的内容,通

常表示解释说明或者补充说明。

引号:表示引用他人的观点,一般用来从正面或者反面支持作者的

观点。

相关的考题一般都是关于文章细节的问题。需要注意的是考题在考查标点符号用法是往往不会明确说明,需要考生自己去判断并根据具体情况分析标点符号的用法。

中考英语阅读理解专项讲解

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中考英语阅读理解精选篇一中考英语阅读理解 真题及答案 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】

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