初三英语第二学期阅读理解单元测试综合卷检测试卷

初三英语第二学期阅读理解单元测试综合卷检测试卷

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读理解

Chinese Farmers' Harvest （收获，收割） Festival is the first festival in China for farmers. The festival starting from 2018, falls on the Autumnal Equinox （秋分）each year. The Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar terms（节气）of the Chinese lunar calendar and usually falls between September 22nd and 24th, during the country's harvest season.

As we all know, China has the largest population all over the world. It was difficult to feed the largest population in the past. After reform and opening （改革开放）, with the development of modern agriculture （农业）, people's life is getting better and better, and their living conditions have improved a lot. Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival shows that our government is paying more attention to agriculture and farmers' life. It will greatly encourage farmers to farm and develop further modem agriculture. China has a long history of agriculture. Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival, the cultural symbol, helps to show China's long farming culture to the world. It also connects the excellent traditional Chinese culture to modem civilization （文明）and improves the cultural self-confidence and national pride.

Since the festival is especially created for farmers, they are encouraged to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest. Some activities are held across the country, but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs. Also, local government usually hosts all kinds of activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, food tasting and so on.

Some people think the festival is the happiest time of a year, even better than the Spring Festival, because food gives people a sense of safety and hope. For other people, the harvest festival is a time to look back at the past and look forward to the future.

（1）We probably celebrate the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival on ______________. A. September 20th B. September 23rd C. September 25th D. October 1st （2）The main purposes that Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival was created don't include _______.

A. showing the long history of farming culture of China

B. improving Chinese cultural self-confidence and national pride

C. encouraging Chinese farmers to give up local customs

D. connecting the traditional Chinese culture to modem civilization

（3）We can learn from the third paragraph that ______________________.

A. the celebrations will be differently based on local customs

B. western countries also celebrate the Fanners' Harvest Festival

C. the Farmers' Harvest Festival is one of the Chinese traditional festivals

D. The Farmers' Harvest Festival is created for both farmers and workers

（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The Farmers' Harvest Festival falls on different days in different areas in China.

B. The Farmers' Harvest Festival is the best time to harvest crops（庄稼）in the world.

C. The Farmers' Harvest Festival has been celebrated twice in our country so far.

D. China's modem agriculture has greatly developed because of reform and opening.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了中国的首届中国农民丰收节。节日定语中国的二十四解气的秋分，这个节日是为农民创建的，鼓励他们用自己的方式庆祝收获。有农民认为这个节日是他们一年中最快乐的时候。

（1）细节理解题，根据he Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar terms（节气） of the Chinese lunar calendar and usually falls between September 22nd and 24th,可知，秋分在月22日-24日的某一天，所以庆祝丰收节应该在这个事件范围内。故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据Some activities are held across the country, but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs. Also, local government usually hosts all kinds of activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, food tasting and so on.可知C的陈述绝对错误，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs.可知，庆祝活动应基于当地的风土人情，故答案是A。

（4）正误判断题，根据After reform and opening （改革开放）, with the development of modern agriculture （农业）, people's life is getting better and better, and their living conditions have improved a lot. Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival shows that our可知，因为改革开放，中国的现代农业取得了很大的成就，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题，细节理解题一般可知直接在文中找到答案，正误判断题也是细节理解题的一种，也是基于短文内容进行判断的。

2．阅读理解

Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids".

This nickname got its start in the 1940s. Many men fought in the Second World War and women had to take jobs in factories to keep the country going. With both parents away, lots of kids went back to empty houses after school. Latchkey kids wore house keys around their necks and they used the keys to open doors.

Today, it's common for both parents to work. As a result, a new generation of kids are spending some time alone after school. It becomes necessary for both parents and kids to make some rules.

There are a lot of questions to talk about:

Should you call your mum, or dad as soon as you get home?

Should you do your homework first?

Can you watch TV or play computer games? If so, how long?

What can you eat if you want a snack?

Can friends come over? If so, how many?

……

As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules. Talk about the following questions with your parents:

What should you do when the phone rings?

What should you do if someone knocks at the door?

What should you do if someone breaks into the house?

What should you do if you cut yourself while cooking?

……

You may feel when you are at home alone. Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. There are many things which can make you feel that time goes by quickly:

●Read a magazine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend.

（1）Latchkey kids _________________.

A. like collecting keys

B. live with their grandparents

C. have part-time jobs in factories

D. regularly stay at home alone after school

（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give to latchkey kids?

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. Five

（3）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. Can you have your hair cut?

B. Should you go to school on foot?

C. Can you go out? If so, where?

D. Can you ask teachers for help at school?

（4）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. bored

B. excited

C. relaxed

D. pleased

（5）The writer probably agrees that __________.

A. there's no need to make family rules

B. latchkey kids should learn to protect themselves

C. time passes slowly when latchkey kids are busy

D. parents should never leave their kids alone at home

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了独自在家的孩子，在家时应该怎么做。

（1）细节题。根据 Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids 现在许多孩子放学后独自在家。你是他们中的一员吗？经常照顾自己的孩子被称为“钥匙孩子” 可知, 钥匙儿童放学后经

常独自呆在家里，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 Read a magazine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend 阅读杂志。●写一封电子邮件。●给朋友打电话知, 作者给了钥匙儿童3个建议，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据 Can friends come over? If so, how many? ，可知你能出去吗？如果是，在哪里 Can you go out? If so, where? 适合放在横线处，都是条件状语从句的省略形式，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. 别担心。让自己忙碌是有帮助的可知,此处是个负面情绪的形容词，A无聊的，B激动的，C放松的，D高兴的，bored 适合放在横线处，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据 As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules 作为钥匙儿童，知道如何保持安全和遵守家庭规则一样重要可知，钥匙儿童应该学会保护自己，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

I believe that we can have an important effect on anyone we meet. The right words at just the right time could change someone's life. When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided to put me in a normal school.

On my first day in the school, the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid. And then I saw myself as an ugly kid.

Mrs. Jordan, my teacher changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips（嘴唇） and raised my hand right away. She called me. I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question.

I will never forget what happened next. Mrs. Jordan pointed directly at me. With a big smile she cried,

"That's right, Stephen! "For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增）.At that moment, I decided that no matter how many difficulties I may face, I can overcome（克服）them. Just from those three simple words, my life changed from that moment.

When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided to put me in a normal school.

On my first day in the school, the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid. And then I saw myself as an ugly kid.

Mrs. Jordan, my teacher changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips（嘴唇） and raised my hand right away. She called me. I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question.

I will never forget what happened next. Mrs. Jordan pointed directly at me. With a big smile

she cried, "That's right, Stephen!" For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增）. At that moment, I decided that no matter how many difficulties I may face, I can overcome （克服） them. Just from those three simple words, my life changed from that moment.

（1）The writer felt when he answered the question.

A. excited

B. happy

C. afraid

D. nervous

（2）What is TRUE about the writer?

A. He often made fun of his classmates.

B. He didn't have confidence in himself.

C. He was outgoing and could learn quickly.

D. He got along very well with his classmates.

（3）What did the writer want to tell us in the story?

A. It's the teachers' duty to help students build their confidence.

B. The right words at the right time can make a difference.

C. Being deaf doesn't mean being less important than others.

D. We need to prove ourselves when we are given a chance.

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. We Should Be Confident

B. Mrs. Jordan Is My Teacher

C. The Words That Changed My Life

D. The Deaf Boy Has a Good Chance

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个不自信的听力障碍孩子，因为老师的一句话改变了她的生活。

（1）细节理解题，根据 I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question. 可知，当作者回答问题的时候很紧张。故答案是D。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据 For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增）可知，作者第一次增加了自信。可知原来是没有自信的。故答案是B。

（3）细节理解题，根据 The right words at just the right time could change someone's life. 可知，作者想告诉我们的是，正确的时间正确的语言可以改变一个人的生活。故答案是B。（4）标题判断题，文章主要讲述老师的一句话对作者的改变。故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到了细节理解题，标题判断题，逻辑推理题三种题型，细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，标题判断需要充分理解文章的意思，提炼中心，凝练句式得到正确答案。逻辑推理题则需要根据关键句进行科学严谨的推理得出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

It was Mother's Day. John was so busy with his work that he couldn't go back home. When he passed by a flower shop in the evening, an idea came to his mind, "I'll send mom some roses（玫瑰）."While John was picking his flowers, a young man went inside. "How many roses can I get for only five dollars, Madam?" he asked. The assistant（店员） was trying to tell him roses were as expensive as forty dollars a dozen（一打）. Maybe he would be happy with carnations（康乃馨）.

"No, I have to have red roses, "he said. "My mom was badly ill last year and I didn't get to spend much time with her. Now I want to get something special, it has to be roses, for roses are her favorite."

After hearing it, John said he would pay the rest of the money for the young man. Moved by both of them, the assistant said, "Well, lovely young men, thirty dollars a dozen, only for you." Taking the roses, the young man almost jumped into the air and ran out of the shop. It was well worth twenty-five dollars that John paid to see the exciting moment. Then John paid for his dozen of roses and told the assistant to send them to his mother.

As he walked out, he felt nice. Suddenly he saw the young man crossing the street and going into a park. But soon John realized it was not a park but a cemetery（墓地）. Crying, the young man carefully put down the roses, "Mom, oh, Mom, why didn't I tell you how much I loved you? God, please help me find my mom and tell her I love her."

Seeing this, John turned and quickly walked to the shop. He would take the flowers home himself.

（1）John spent altogether（总共） in the flower shop that day.

A. $5

B. $25

C. $30

D. $55

（2）The young man cried at the cemetery because he .

A. had spent all his money on the roses

B. wasn't able to tell his mother he loved her himself

C. felt sorry to ask John to pay for his flowers

D. hadn't got enough money for his sick mother

（3）At last John changed his mind and went home because he wanted to .

A. tell his mother he loved her himself

B. ask his mother for more money

C. tell his mother the young man's story

D. ask his mother if she liked roses

（4）The writer writes the passage in order to tell us " ".

A. buy roses for your mother when she is ill

B. let your mother know how much you love her

C. work hard to get more money for your mother

D. send your mother flowers on Mother's Day

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文描述了母亲节那天约翰在花店买花时发生的一个小故事，告知人们要让母亲知道你是多么的爱她。

（1）推理题。根据After hearing this, John said he would pay the rest of the money for the young man. Moved by both of them, the shop assistant said, “Well, lovely young men, thirty dollars a dozen, only for you two.” Taking the roses, the young man almo st jumped into the air. He thanked John, and ran out of the shop. It was well worth twenty-five dollars John paid to see the exciting moment. 可推知约翰那天在花店花了55美元，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据Crying, the young man carefully laid the roses, “Mum, oh, Mum, why didn’t I tell y ou how much I loved you? God, please help me find my mum and tell her I love her.”可知年轻人不能告诉他妈妈他对她的爱，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据Seeing this, John turned and quickly walked back to the shop. He would take the flowers home himself.可知约翰这样做是想告诉他妈妈他爱她，故选A。

（4）主旨题。读短文可知，作者旨在通过本文告知读者要让你的母亲知道你是多么爱她，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

Miss Mitra didn't want to be a Sunday school teacher any longer. The students there were all rude and never listened to her. "I give up." She shouted at the students. "Cool." Rick said. He was the most impolite kid in this school. Two months later, Miss Betty Ray came to the school. She looked young. The students thought that she wouldn't stay very long.

"Have any of you ever been out of state?" She asked in a friendly tone. A few hands went up.

"Anyone has traveled to California?" One hand went up as the disrespectful（无礼的） laugh reduced.

"Anyone visited outside the country?" No hands went up now. The silent kids were puzzled.

Betty took a map of the world from her bag.

"What else do you have there? Lunch?" Someone cracked.

Betty smiled lightly and answered, "Cookies for later." "Cool," Rick quipped（困惑的）.

Then she pointed at a place on the map, "I was born here, and I lived here until I was about your age."

"Is that Texas?" Someone asked.

"No. Quite a long way from here. It is Mumbai in India."

Betty fumbled again in her bag, this time pulling out some old wrinkled pictures along with a box of chocolate chip cookies. They passed the pictures around, viewing each with great interest. The kids studied them as they bit into the sweets.

The hour quickly slid by as she told them her stories about faraway places and what the people

were like there and how they lived.

"Wow, this is as exciting as TV!" One young girl told her.

Sunday after Sunday, Betty came to class, tying her lessons to their everyday lives. She told the kids how they could make a difference right now. The students grew to love her.

Betty taught that Sunday school class for thirty years. At last, her hair grew into a natural gray.

Every now and then, she received a letter from a former student. There was a doctor, a research scientist, a homemaker, a businessman, and many teachers among them. One day she pulled out a blue envelope from her mailbox. And there was a photo in it. Squinting her eyes, she smiled at the man in the photo, still seeing the boy in him. Standing in the rubble（瓦砾）, in the city of Delhi, India, he came to help the homeless people in the earthquake. Some words were written in the upper part of the photo, "Because of you, I am here now."

（1）It can be seen from the passage that Miss Betty Ray was born in _______ .

A. California

B. Texas

C. Delhi

D. Mumbai

（2）Why did Miss Betty Ray ask some questions and show the map of India in her first class?

A. To get more letters from her students.

B. To reduce students' disrespectful laugh.

C. To made students interested in her lessons.

D. To take students to travel around these cities.

（3）When she saw the man standing in the rubble in the photo, Miss Betty Ray _______ . A. thought it was as exciting as TV B. recalled what he was like in her class

C. took out more photos from her students

D. went to help the homeless people with him

（4）What influences（影响） did Miss Betty Ray have on her students?（至少三个方面）

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4） Miss Betty has changed the impolite and rude students into the well-educated and helpful ones. She has successfully made students interested in the Sunday school class. Also, thanks to her efforts, most students got nice jobs finally. They learned to help others and make a difference to the world.

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Betty怎样在周日辅导课教育一群无礼的学生的。

（1）细节题。根据No. Quite a long way from here. It is Mumbai in India.可知Betty来自印度Mumbai，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据Sunday after Sunday, Betty came to class, tying her lessons to their everyday lives. She told the kids how they could make a difference right now. The students grew to love her.可知Betty这样这样做的目的是让学生对她的课感兴趣，开始喜欢她的课，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据And there was a photo in it. Squinting her eyes, she smiled at the man in the photo, still seeing the boy in him.可知Betty看到这个照片时想起了学生在她班上的样子，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据全文可知Betty老师改变了无礼粗鲁的学生，把他们教育成有用的人，

Betty老师乐于助人，对他人有影响，故填Miss Betty has changed the impolite and rude students into the well-educated and helpful ones. She has successfully made students interested in the Sunday school class. Also, thanks to her efforts, most students got nice jobs finally. They learned to help others and make a difference to the world.。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题。注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6．根据短文内容，判断句子正误。

Dear Dr. Manners,

My close friend seldom says "please". She will say "Can you get me that bag?" or" Move it over there!" I have told her a lot of times that it is polite to use "please" and "thank you", but she hardly remembers. I feel that she is ordering me around without "please", and I always get angry. We have been close friends for over 10 years. It seems that I can't stand it any more. What should I do? Can you help me?

Sincerely,

Hawkins Dear Ms Hawkins,

When your friend docs not use polite words, it seems that she is ordering you to do something. So you have right（权利） to hate her behavior.

Ask her why she doesn't use "please" or "thank you". Explain to her that it makes you feel uncomfortable. Also, you don't need to do anything for her because she doesn't seem kind or pleasant when she asks you to.

Maybe your friend was not taught how to use "please" or "thank you" in the normal conversation. So you can try to teach her that. Remember it is difficult to find another close friend if you lose one.

Best regards,

Dr. Manners （1）Ms Hawkins doesn't know how to use "please" or "thank you".

（2）Ms Hawkins got to know her friend more than ten years ago.

（3）Dr. Manners thinks Ms Hawkins has right to hate her friend's behavior.

（4）Maybe Ms Hawkins' friend doesn't know the right way of talking in the normal conversation.

（5）Dr. Manners advises Ms Hawkins to break up （绝交） with her friend.

【答案】（1）0

（2）1

（3）1

（4）1

（5）0

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了霍金斯女士对医生讲了她对于朋友的一些不礼貌行为的烦恼，并请求帮助。

（1）根据第一封信的内容中的“My close friend seldom says ‘please’.”以及“I have told her a lot of times that it is polite to use ‘please’ and ‘thank you’, but she hardly remembers.”可知是Ms. Hawkins的朋友不知道如何使用“please”和“thank you”而不是Ms. Hawkins，故选错误。（2）根据第一封信的内容中的“We have been close friends for over 10 years”可知。十多年前，霍金斯认识了她的朋友。故选正确。

（3）根据第二封信的内容中的“it seems that she ordering you to do something. So you have right（权利）to hate her behavior.”可知礼仪博士认为霍金斯女士有权讨厌她朋友的行为。故选正确。

（4）根据第二封信的内容中的“Your friend was probably never taught how to use ‘please’ or ‘thank you’ in normal conversation.”可知也许霍金斯女士的朋友在正常的谈话中不知道正确的说话方式。故选正确。

（5）根据第二封信的内容中的“Remember it is difficult to find another close friend if you lose one.”可知Dr. Manners并没有建议Ms. Hawkins和她的朋友绝交。故选错误。

【点评】考查理解判断题。审读题目，找出相关的依据。读懂短文内容再读题目，把握每一个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。

7．仔细阅读广告内容选择最佳答案。

（1） are not in the sale.

A. Fridges

B. TV sets

C. Smart phones

D. Cameras

（2）The big sale can last .

A. one week

B. two weeks

C. three weeks

D. four weeks

（3）You can buy at half price.

A. everything

B. TV sets

C. smart phones

D. cameras

（4）The biggest saving is off.

A. 25%

B. 30%

C. 50%

D. 80%

（5）A camera is normally ￥4000, in the sale it is .

A. ￥1000

B. ￥1200

C. ￥2000

D. ￥3000

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）B

（4）D

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本材料主要为电视机，手机和照相机销售做的广告。

（1）细节题。根据广告内容可知，销售的产品有TV sets，Smart phones，Cameras.即电视机，手机和相机，没有冰箱，故答案选A。

（2）细节题。根据June 17th to 30th 2019.可知共持续14天，即两周，故答案选B。（3）细节题。根据50% off all Tv sets.可知电视机半价销售，故答案选B。

（4）细节题。根据up to 80%可知最多可以节省百分之八十，故答案选D。

（5）细节题。根据25% off all cameras可知相机可以有百分之二十五的折扣，因此4000元的相机可以3000元买下，故答案选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解

What are the basic ingredients（要素）of good manners？A strong sense of fairness is one of them.

A friend once told me an experience that he had. When he was driving along a one—lane（单行小路）, unpaved（未铺路的）mountain road, the car ahead of his produced clouds of choking dust（呛人的尘土）, and it was a long way to the nearest paved main road. Suddenly, the car ahead stopped at a wider place on the road. My friend thought there must be something wrong with the car ahead. He stopped and asked if anything was wrong. "No," said the other driver. "But you've endured my dust so far. I'll endure yours the rest of the way."

Another ingredient is empathy（同情心）. It makes a person see into the mind or heart of someone else. Recently I happened to read such a story in a book.

A man was having dinner alone, and he was trying to open a bottle. But he failed. Then he asked a waiter for help. The waiter took the bottle, turned his back and opened it without difficulty. Then the waiter closed it again and turned back. He pretended（假装）to make a great effort to open the bottle without success. Finally he took it into the kitchen and returned very soon. He told the man that he managed to open it, but only with a tool.

Yet another ingredient is the ability to treat people alike（一视同仁）. No matter who he is and what he does, everyone is worth respecting.

（1）The driver in the car ahead stopped to___.

A. repair the car

B. have a rest

C. ask the way

D. let the back car go （2）The underlined word "endure" probably means___ in Chinese.

A. 原谅

B. 容忍

C. 抱怨

D. 谴责（3）In fact the waiter opened the bottle___.

A. by himself easily

B. with a tool

C. with difficulty

D. without success （4）The second story may happen___.

A. in the kitchen at home

B. on the main road

C. in the restaurant

D. on the busy street

（5）The best title of the passage is "___".

A. The Ability to Solve Problems

B. The Ways to Help Others

C. The Good Manners to Treat Others

D. The Empathy for Strangers

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么。

（1）细节理解题。根据"But you've endured my dust so far.I'll endure yours the rest of the way. 但到目前为止，你已经忍受了我的灰尘，我会在剩下的路上忍受你的，可知他是想让后面的车先走，故选D。

（2）词意猜测题。根据the car ahead of his produced clouds of choking dust（呛人的尘士），…"But you've endur ed my dust so far. I'll endure yours the rest of the way."在他前面的汽车产生了呛人的尘土，……“但是到目前为止你已经endure了我的灰尘，我将在剩下的路上endure你的，“可推知是忍受的意思，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据The waiter took the bottle，turned his back and opened it without difficulty.服务员拿起瓶子，转过身，毫不费力地打开了瓶子，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据A man was having dinner alone，.…The waiter took the bottle.…一个人独自吃饭……服务员拿了瓶子，……可知是在一家餐厅，故选C。

（5）主旨题。根据What are the basic ingredients（要素）of good manners？良好礼仪的基本要素是什么？可知本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么，故选用“对待别人好的礼仪”为题合适，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

When his mum fainted（昏厥）and knocked herself out, unconscious, four year old Henry Davies knew just what to do— thanks to a storybook.

He calmly dialled 999 and told the emergency services how to get to his home and then

phoned his father.

The boy told the doctors what had happened and directed them to the house in Coundon, Coventry, and even offered the doctors a drink

When they arrived. Henry also offered to look after his 12— month old brother Noah.

His father, Iran, 35, said, "Chloe has been unwell with a high fever which has made her feel quite poorly. I left for work early at about 7:30 am and as she got up after I left she felt quite dizzy and faint. The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor and hearing Henry talking to someone. He had seen her fall and hit her head on the table, but he couldn't wake her up. So he picked up the phone and dialled 999 for an ambulance."

Chloe said, "Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency, which we've read a few times. He even put a blanket over me. The ambulance crew were amazed. We're very proud of him."

（1）How old was Henry?

A. 1.

B. 2.

C. 3.

D. 4.

（2）What was the matter with Henry's mother?

A. She fainted on the floor.

B. She was shot by a gun.

C. She was badly ill.

D. She was hurt badly.

（3）How did Henry know the knowledge of saving his mother?

A. By watching TV.

B. By reading a book.

C. His teacher taught him.

D. By WeChat.（4）The underlined words" emergency services" mean "_________" in Chinese.

A. 紧急应变机构

B. 突发事件

C. 急诊室

D. 医疗（5）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. There are 4 people in Henry's family.

B. Henry prepared a drink for the doctors.

C. Henry's father is very proud of Henry.

D. His father is 29 years old.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Henry凭借《救护人员》书上的内容，救了他的妈妈。（1）细节题。根据 four year old Henry Davies...可知，Henry4岁了，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor 可知，亨利的母亲晕倒在地板上，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency 亨利有一本故事书《救护人员》,讲述在紧急情况下该怎么做可知， Henry是通过读书知道救他母亲的知识，故选B。

（4）词义辨析题。根据He calmly dialled 999他平静地拨打了999，可知999是个紧急应变机构，故emergency services是紧急应变机构的意思，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据 His father, Iran, 35，可知他的父亲29岁是错的，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，

细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

When Justin Tong was a child, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him doing lots of housework such as carrying out the rubbish and sending newspapers. But when he grew up, he was better off than his childhood friends and lived a happier and healthier life.

This is the finding of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 children in London. It showed that the children who had worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future. "Children who worked in the home or community gained competence（能力） and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society," said Daniel Brown, the psychologist（心理学家）who made the discovery. "And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them."

Brown's study followed these children in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Brown, the researchers compared the children's mental-health scores with their childhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.

Working at any age is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence — the underpinnings （基础） of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.

Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, "One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work."（1）What do we know about Justin Tong?

A. He enjoyed a happy life.

B. He felt sorry for the other kids.

C. He always sold newspapers.

D. He seldom collected rubbish.

（2）Who will probably succeed in the future according to Paragraph 2?

A. Children who enjoy happier and richer lives.

B. Children who work in the home or community.

C. Children who take part in Daniel Brown's study.

D. Children who feel good about people around them.

（3）How did Brown follow the children in his study?

A. By giving housework and praise.

B. By interviewing and giving scores.

C. By setting goals and showing love.

D. By solving problems and testing them.

（4）What's the purpose of the passage?

A. To talk about an interesting study.

B. To introduce Justin Tong's success.

C. To tell us about childhood activities.

D. To encourage children to work hard.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了童年时努力工作的孩子有一个更富裕、更幸福的未来，并且鼓励孩子们努力工作。

（1）细节题：根据"he was better off…and lived a happier and healthier life",可知，贾斯汀·汤过着幸福的生活，故选A。

（2）细节题：根据第二段第二行和第三行 "children who had worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future,"和之后的"Children who worked in the home or community competence … feel they were worthwhile"，可知童年时努力工作的孩子们有一个更加富裕和幸福的未来。“在家里或社区工作的孩子获得了能力，故在家或社区工作的孩子将来谁可能会成功，故选B。

（3）细节题：根据Brown's study followed these children in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Brown, the researchers compared the children's mental-health scores with their childhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems布朗的研究非常详细地跟踪了这些孩子。采访在25、31和47岁时重复进行。在布朗的领导下，研究人员比较了孩子们的心理健康分数和他们的童年活动分数。兼职工作、家务、在校努力和处理问题的能力都得了分，可知布朗是通过面试和打分跟踪他书房里的孩子们的，故选B。

（4）主旨题：根据本文介绍了童年时努力工作的孩子有一个更富裕、更幸福的未来，故目的是鼓励孩子们努力工作，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste store is about providing a kind of everyday and pleasant-looking zero-waste products to help people start on a zero-waste life journey.

"Zero waste" or "danshari" was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different kinds of ways to save the environment such as stopping the use of one-off objects; giving unwanted things to others or giving them away to organizations like the Red Cross.

Yu Yuan, 27, is deeply interested in this idea. She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to buy things without thinking about them carefully until she

saw a video about "zero waste", in which a family of four placed the rubbish they produced every year in a jar （罐）. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend.

A zero-waste life follows the 6R rule-Refuse Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.

Now, the couple have opened a small shop in Beijing, where they use wood products to take the place of plastic ones and cloth bags printed with environmentally friendly logos（环保标志）. Most products sold in the store can be reused. The store also has second-hand books and CDs/DVDs with, ideas to make the best of the used things.

"Those who once experienced the non-waste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas," says Ya, "The zero-waste lifestyle is not for ascetics （苦行僧）. It is just around us at our finger-tips." Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste.

（1）Bea Johnson suggests that people should ________.

A. try to produce no rubbish in life

B. share objects with others

C. help their friends live comfortably

D. work hard for the Red Cross

（2）We can see from the passage that Yu Yuan ________.

A. offers plastic bags in her store

B. is influenced （影响） by the 6R rule

C. often buys things she doesn't need

D. likes listening to CDs very much

（3）What Yu Yuan says in the last paragraph probably means that ________.

A. lots of people doubt the zero-waste lifestyle

B. she feels it hard to continue her lifestyle

C. her friends have followed her lifestyle

D. the zero-waste lifestyle is not difficult to live

（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Opening up a second-hand store

B. Recycling （回收） waste

C. Saving the environment

D. Joining the couple

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文主要是倡导零浪费生活方式。

（1）细节题。根据 Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish ，可知他建议人们应该尽量不要在生活中制造垃圾，故选A。

（2）推理题。根据 Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish 当余遵循零浪费6R规则时，她和男友乔·哈维只生产了两罐垃圾，可知从这篇文章中我们可以看出她受6r规则影响，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据 Those who once experienced the non-waste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas,那些曾经体验过非浪费生活方式的人已经慢慢改变了他们的想法，可知能改变说

明完全可以这样生活，故余源在最后一段所说的可能意味着零浪费的生活方式并不难过，故选D。

（4）主旨题。根据本文主要是倡导零浪费生活方式，倡导环保，可知Saving the environment适合做标题，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

12．阅读理解

If you cannot travel around the world, why not travel on the Internet? GeoGuessr is a new online travel game. The game is easy to play, but nearly impossible to win. The new online game challenges your geography skills.

How to play the game

When you think you know where the photo was taken, click on the Google map to place your marker.

Click on the "Make A Guess" button on the bottom of the map. A new image will appear, showing the distance between the area you chose and the actual location. GeoGuessr will tell how many kilometers away you were and how many points you earned.

You get five chances to guess the location. After the fifth one, you see a map showing your guesses, the correct location and the number of points you earned.

Helpful hints（提示）

Here are a few tips to help you identify what part of the planet you are seeing.

look around and see if you can find any words on signs to show the local language. For example, if both French and English are on signs, Canada might be a good guess.

Make a note of whether the cars drive on the right or the left side of the road. If cars are driving on the left, that narrows your guesses.

The more you play the game, the better you will get at geography.

（1）GeoGuessr is a new online game which challenges your _________ skills.

A. math

B. language

C. science

D. geography

（2）You can have _________ chances to guess the location you see.

A. three

B. four

C. five

D. six

（3）If you see both French and English on signs, you may be in _________.

A. America

B. Japan

C. France

D. Canada

（4）What's the best title for the passage?

A. A new online game

B. How to travel around the world

C. How to play the game

D. How to guess the game

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了geoguessr一款新的在线旅游游戏。这场比赛很容易打，但几乎不可能获胜。新的在线游戏挑战你的地理技能。短文介绍了如何玩这种游戏，有哪些提示。

（1）细节理解题，根据The new online game challenges your geography skills.可知，新游戏挑战你的地理技能，故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据You get five chances to guess the location.可知有五次机会猜测位置，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据For example, if both French and English are on signs, Canada might be a good guess.可知标有英语和法语的标记可能就是加拿大，故答案是D。

（4）标题判断题，文章主要介绍了一款新的有关地理知识的网上游戏软件，故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和标题判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章中心，凝练句式得出结论。

13．阅读理解

We all know that many women like to wear dresses. They enjoy many kinds of colourful and popular dresses. But have you ever heard of a 4D dress?

Jessica Rosenkrantz in the USA used 3D printing technology to make a very special and new dress. It will help with the problems of different styles for women's dresses.

The dress maker called the special dress a "4D dress". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.

The company, in Massachusetts, the USA, also made a smartphone and an app（应用软件）. They can help women to control their dresses. If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses. Isn't it very interesting?

When she talked about her work, Jessica said, "There will be many more changeable dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them too. I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women."

（1）What will the 4D dress do for women?

A. It'll make women relax themselves a lot.

B. It'll turn into different styles for women.

C. It will help women keep thin and beautiful.

D. It will help women find good jobs easily.

（2）What does the underlined word "It" here refer to?

A. The 4D dress.

B. The 3D printing technology.

C. A company.

D. The dress maker.（3）What will Jessica do in the future?

A. She will have many companies around the world.

B. She will buy a very new smartphone and an app.

C. She will make many more changeable dresses.

D. She will help women choose more beautiful dresses.

（4）From the passage, we can infer（推断）that .

A. Jessica Rosenkrantz used a common thing to make a 4D dress

B. a 4D dress can only turn into ten kinds of shapes

C. the company in the UK made the smartphone to control the 4D dresses

D. women may use the phone and the app to change the style of the dresses

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】用3D打印技术制作出来的4D裙子可以解决很多女士的时尚问题。4D 裙子就像织物一样可以随意改变它的款式。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句 It will help with the problems of different styles for women's dresses. It is like the fabric. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.可知答案，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句The dress maker called the special dress a "4D dress". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.可以知道，4D裙子可以改变它的形状，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句There will be many more changeable （可变的）dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them, too. I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women.可知Jessica对制作能变换的衣服很感兴趣，想要去制作这些衣服，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据文中语句If women use the phone and the app, they can change the color, the style and many other things of the dresses.，可知女生可以通过软件来改变衣服的风格，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解题。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

14．阅读理解

Bike-sharing has swept across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving. The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it, and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smartphone and left anywhere in public. Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily.

In some cities, we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharing-bikes. It's very

convenient to use the bikes if you have a smartphone. First, you have to download such an app on your smartphone. Then what you need to do is find a nearest hike through the app, scan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection. You will find the bike can be unlocked itself. Then you can enjoy your trip. What's more, the greatest advantage of hike- sharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it. The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend. Normally, every hour you ride, you need to pay one yuan. It doesn't cost so much, does it?

At the same time, some people park the hikes in their own homes. Besides, some people don't value the bikes. Now service companies are trying to solve the problems like being stolen.

Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles. We have to say bike- sharing brings us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.

（1）From the first paragraph, we know ______.

A. bike-sharing is invented in China

B. sharing-bikes are used by some people

C. most people in cities don t drive

D. sharing-bikes can be borrowed anywhere

（2）II you want to use a sharing-bike, you must _________ first.

A. have a smartphone and download an app

B. download an app and pay for the trip

C. unlock the bike and download an app

D. find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyone

（3）Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?

A. Bike-sharing is very cheap.

B. Sharing-bikes may be stolen.

C. Sharing-bikes are easy to unlock.

D. Bike-sharing is a kind of green transport.

（4）The passage probably comes from a ________.

A. science textbook

B. tourist guide

C. website news report

D. restaurant menu

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是讲述了共享单车在中国越来越受欢迎。如果想使用共享单车，必须要有一个智能手机并下载一个应用程序。它使用起来非常方便，而且价格也很便宜。但是现在有的人不爱惜自行车，到处乱放，还有自行车被偷盗现象，服务公司正试图解决这个问题。毫无疑问自行车共享给我们的出行带来了更多的便利，我们要很好地利用它。（1）推理题。根据Bike-sharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily自行车共享让人们可以很容易地从一个地方借自行车，然后在另一个地方归还，可知一些人使用共享自行车，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据文中句子“It's very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone.