中考英语定语从句的五类考点(上)

中考英语定语从句的五类考点(上)
中考英语定语从句的五类考点(上)

中考英语定语从句的五类考点(上)

定语从句是初中英语中一个比较重要的语法项目,同时它也是各地中考英语的一个常考考点。综观近年来各地的中考英语试题,定语从句的考点主要集中在两个方面:一是考查指物的关系代词的用法,二是考查指人的关系代词的用法。另外,它有时也会涉及一些其他的方面,但相对考得比较少。

一、考查指物的关系代词的用法(重点)

当先行词为指物的名词或代词时,引导定语从句的关系代词应用that或which,这是各地中考英语命题涉及最多的一个知识点。如:

1. People often like clothes can make them look young. (2011年湖南株洲)

A. when

B. who

C. that

分析:C。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词clothes(衣服)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选C。

2. The English-Chinese dictionary my father bought for me many years ago is still of great value. (2012年江苏南京)

A. whose

B. when

C. who

D. that

分析:D。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词dictionary(词典)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选D。

3. The little boy was wrapping the present would be sent to his teacher. (2012年呼和浩特)

A. who

B. /

C. what

D. that

分析:D。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词present(礼物)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选D。

4. ―What are you looking for?

―I?蒺m looking for the ring my husband bought me last year.(2012年山东滨州)

A. that

B. who

C. whom

D. it

分析:A。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词ring(戒指)是“物”,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which或that,故选A。

二、考查指人的关系代词的用法(重点)

当先行词为指人的名词或代词时,引导定语从句的关系代词应用that, who, whom――that和who可用作主语或宾语,而whom只用作宾语。这是各地中考英语命题涉及相当多的一个知识点(从数量上看,比考查指物的关系代词的用法要少一些)。如:

1. I hate people talk much but do little. (2012年山东泰安)

A. who

B. which

C. whose

D. whom

分析:A。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词people(人们)是“人”,同时关系代词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用who,故选A。

2. Most students like the teachers understand them well. (2012年浙江嘉兴)

A. who

B. when

C. what

D. which

分析:A。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词teachers(教师)是“人”,同时关系代词在定语从句中作主语,所以要用who,故选A。

3. Success will belong to those never say “impossible”. (2011年河南)

A. whom

B. what

C. who

D. which

分析:C。考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。由于定语从句的先行词those(那些人)是“人”,同时在定语从句中作主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who,故选C。

4. ―Do you know the girl is helping the old woman.

―Oh, that?蒺s my sister. (2012年贵州黔东南

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4. that 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可,与后面的名词有所属关系,在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意:指物时,常用以下结构来代替: The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时,可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间(that, who不可以),也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面,使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意:1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如:look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who,若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which;关系代词是所有格时用whose。

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