铁路隧道小煤窑采空区勘察与处理

收稿日期:20181204作者简介:黄　创(1985 ),男,2007年毕业于湖南科技大学土木工程专业,工学学士,工程师三文章编号:16727479(2019)02004704铁路隧道小煤窑采空区勘察与处理

黄　创

(中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司太原设计院,山西太原　030013)

摘　要:某铁路隧道隧址区分布有小煤窑采空区三为查明采空区的分布,通过实地调查地表变形二收集矿区煤层资料等手段,大致确定了采空区的范围和深度;采用高密度电法沿隧道布置纵向和横向测线,进一步确定了采空区的分布,最后通过在隧道两侧布置钻探进行了验证三研究结果表明,采空区分布于隧道拱顶上方2~4m 三由于线位平面绕避非常困难,通过降低线位高程12m ,使得隧道从采空区下方通过三施工中可通过加强超前支护,采用复合式加强衬砌,增加防排水设备二有害气体检测等措施进行处理三

关键词:隧道;小煤窑采空区;勘察;立体绕避

中图分类号:U455.43 文献标识码:A DOI:10.19630/https://www.360docs.net/doc/cc6384426.html,ki.tdkc.201812040003

Exploration and Treatment of Small Coal Mining Goaf Area for Railway Tunnel

Huang Chuang

(Railway Engineering Consulting Group Co.,Ltd.Taiyuan Design Institute,Taiyuan 030013,China)Abstract :A small coal mine goaf is distributed in a railway tunnel site.In order to find out the distribution of the goaf,the scope and depth of the goaf are roughly determined by means of field investigation of surface deformation and collection of coal seam data.The distribution of the goaf is further determined by the high?density electrical method which is used to arrange longitudinal and lateral survey lines along the tunnel,and finally verified by drilling on both sides of the tunnel.The research results show that the goaf is distributed 2to 4m above the tunnel vault.Since the planar line avoidance is very difficult,the tunnel passes through below

the gob area by reducing the line position elevation by 12m.During construction,it can be conducted by measurements such as strengthening advanced support,using composite reinforcement lining,adding waterproof and drainage equipment and harmful gas detection.Key words :Tunnel;Small coal mine goaf;Survey;Stereoscopic avoidance 1　概述

小煤窑采空区是铁路施工和运营安全的隐患,线

路选线时一般应尽量绕避三如必须通过时,应查明其

地质特征,进行稳定性评价并提出工程措施意见[12]三小煤窑采空区具有私自开挖二埋深较浅二随意性强二无

规划等特点,国内的孝柳线二准朔线二包西线二巴准线均遇到了不同程度的小煤窑采空区问题[3]三多年来,勘察设计单位对小煤窑采空区进行了大量的勘察工作,积累了宝贵的经验三李景山在包西线勘测中采用地质调绘二物探二钻探等手段,查明了米家园子小煤窑采空区的分布[4];孙金等在登封至商丘高速公路勘察中,采用资料收集二地质调绘二地震反射波法及钻探查明了郑新天富煤业的采空区[5];庞雪春根据工程二技术二经济及环境等因素,对马鞍山采空区绕避方案进行研7

4铁路隧道小煤窑采空区勘察与处理:黄　创