(完整版)九年级英语定语从句讲解与练习
Gate School 定语从句练习Name:
一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。
如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do.
引导定语从句的词：关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose) 关系副词where, when、why
关系词的作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
★whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
★The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
★Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
注：that 用法
(1)不用that的情况
(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.
(b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
(2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
(a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
(b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
(c) 先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last, just修饰时，只用that。
(d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。.
(e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。
(f) 先行词指物，在主句中作表语时．
(g) 为了避免重复．
(h)先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略
(i) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时
e.g. Is this the book that you borrowed in the library? 这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗？
Who that break the window should be punished．谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚．
All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。
三、关系副词引导定语从句
关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
1. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten y ears ago has been pulled down.
2. when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came.
[注]表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词.
By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks. 你到达伦敦时，我们在那里已待了两个星期。
I still remember the first time I met her. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她。
Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。
3. why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.
注：1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when ,where和why 互换。This is the house in which I lived two years ago. =This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? =Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
This is the reason why he came late. =This is the reason for which he came late.
定语从句练习题
一、请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)
1. Check the ways you study for an English test.
2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.
3. You couldn’t understand people who talked fast.
4. I have some ideas that may help.
5. They said somethi ng you didn’t like.
6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently?
8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.
13. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries.
14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling.
二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、whom 、whose
1. This is the man ________ wants to see you.
2. The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.
3. The man __________ you went to see has come.
4. The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.
5. The woman __________ you saw is our geography teacher.
6. The runner ___________ you are asking about is over there.
7. The person ________you should write to is Mr. Ball. 8. The man ________was passing by saw what happened. 9. Here is the pen _______ you lost the day before yesterday. 10. These books _________ you lent me were very useful. 11. The storybook _______ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten. 12. A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.
13. This is shirt ______I bought yesterday. 14. A dictionary is a book _______ gives the meaning to the word.
15. The book _________ is on the table is mine. 16. The film ________ they are talking about is very interesting.
17. I will never forget the people and the places _____I have ever visited. 18. Is there anyone ______ family is in Beijing?
19. Show me the boy _________ mother is a well-known singer. 20. The boy_____ father is a teacher is good at English.
三、单项选择
( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.
A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. whose
( ) 2. What’s the name of the program________.
A. which are listening
B. you are listening to
C. to that you are listening
D. that you are listening
( ) 3. The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.
A. in which
B. in that this
C. all that
D. in everything
( ) 4. He was the only person in his office______ was invited.
A. whom
B. whose
C. that
D. which
( ) 5. This is the museum______ we visited last year.
A. where
B. in which
C. which
D. in that
( ) 6. Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. who
( ) 7. Do you know the student_____?
A. whom I often talk
B. with who I often talk
C. I often talk with
D. that I often talk
( ) 8. I like the house_____ windows face south.
A. whose
B. who’s
C. it's
D. its
( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?
A. what I need
B.I need
C. which I need it
D. that I need it
( )10. The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.
A. who
B. to whom
C. whom
D. that
练习答案：
二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、whom 、whose
1. This is the man __that \who ______ wants to see you.
2. The student ____ that \who _______ answered the question is Zhang Hua.
3. The man _____ that \who _____ you went to see has come.
4. The man _____ that \who _\whom_____I met yesterday lent me some money.
5. The woman ______ that \who \whom_________ you saw is our geography teacher.
6. The runner _______ that \who \whom_________ you are asking about is over there.
7. The person _____ that \who \whom_________ you should write to is Mr. Ball.
8. The man _____ that \who ______was passing by saw what happened.
9. Here is the pen ___that \which______ you lost the day before yesterday.
10. These books ____that \which_________ you lent me were very useful.
11. The storybook _______ that \which______ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.
12. A clock is a machine ____ that \which___ tells people the time.
13. This is shirt _______ that \which_________I bought yesterday.
14. A dictionary is a book ___ that \which___________ gives the meaning to the word.
15. The book _____ that \which________ is on the table is mine.
16. The film _______ that \which______ they are talking about is very interesting.
17. I will never forget the people and the places __that___I have ever visited.
18. Is there anyone ______whose______ family is in Beijing?
19. Show me the boy _____whose_________ mother is a well-known singer.
20. The boy____whose__ father is a teacher is good at English.
三选择
1-5 ADACC 6-10 ACABB
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(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版
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外研版初中英语初三总复习定语从句的用法(基础讲解)
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定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
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高中英语定语从句详解
高中英语定语从句详解 定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构；它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体，或是构成一个名词短语；或是构成一个代词短语。但从结构上说，关系词与从句是一个整体。排除句子的其他各部分，这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下：1）three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack 三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中： signs是：被修饰的名词； that是：关系词； that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句 2）those who drink a l ot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中： those是：被修饰的名词； who是：关系词; who drink a l ot是：定语从句通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下：
被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中，"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示： 1）"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说，关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从句中来起作用。例如： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations （先行词）where (关系词)peopl e normally woul d not be afraid . 他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。 （本句中的关系词where = 先行词（in）situations 。如果把这个复合句拆成两个分句，那就是： They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations peopl e normally woul d not be afraid in situations 由此可以看出，"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系）。又例如： Rude peopl e are those （先行词）whose (关系词)behavior shows little respect for the rules（先行词）that(关系词) the majority follows . 不讲礼貌的人是指那些，他们的行为对大多数人所遵从的规
英语定语从句用法详解(初中)
英语定语从句用法详解（初中） 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why 等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。 1.由who引导的定语从句中， who用作主语，如： This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引导的定语从句中， whose用作定语，如： Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want. 注意： (1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在 whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。如： He is the very person whom we must take good care of. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。 5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。 (1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如 I've eaten up all the food that you gave me. (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如 He is the only person that I want to talk with. (5)先行词既有人又有物时，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. (6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如： Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如: I don't know the reason why he was late. This is the place where we have lived for 5 years. I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time. 注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用 that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)