湖南省长沙市长郡中学2020-2021学年高二上学期入学考试英语试题

湖南省长沙市长郡中学2020-2021学年高二上学期入学考试

英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读选择

World's Best Summer Music Festivals

The Governors Ball Music Festival

A relative newcomer to the summer music festival scene, the Governors Ball offers a variety of performers and a taste of New York culture. Visitors can catch sets from rock, electronica, and performers, all while tasting food from popular New York City restaurants. To take a break from the music, festival-goers can participate in activities such as Silent Disco or lawn(草坪) games.

WHERE: New York City

WHEN: June 3-5

Roskilde Festival

Created by two Danish college students, Roskilde has developed from a hippie(嬉皮士) gathering ground to a mainstream music festival. The festival attracts an international following and features performances from more than 3 ,000 artists. Bands include a mix of contemporary and lesser-known performers. and visitors can watch their favorite artists perform inside large tents.

WHERE: Roskilde, Denmark

WHEN: June 25-July 2

Montreux Jazz Festival

Set on Lake Geneva's beautiful shoreline. the Montreux Jazz Festival attracts a global audience. Founded in 1967 as a jazz-only festival, Montreux has since evolved into a

two-week-long showcase that attracts more than 200. 000 music enthusiasts. Performances don't end on the shore; visitors can catch themed shows from boats and train cars.

WHERE: Montreux, Switzerland

WHEN: July 1-16

Rock al Parque

Rock al Parque is proud of an attendance of 88, 600 visitors a day. Most music festivals require tickets, but the participation in the three-day festival is free of charge. Festival-goers

line up to watch performances from some of Latin America's most popular artists, but the festival also offers sets from international bands.

WHERE: Bogota, Colombia

WHEN: July 2-4

1．What can you do at the Governors Ball Music Festival?

A．Dance in local restaurants. B．Take part in relaxing activities. C．Watch performances from boats. D．Enjoy food from the whole country. 2．What do we know about Roskilde Festival?

A．It lasts the longest time.

B．Its modern Jazz is popular.

C．It provides themed shows to visitors.

D．Its foundation originates with two college students.

3．Which festival does not charge an admission fee?

A．Roskilde Festival. B．Rock al Parque.

C．Montreux Jazz Festival. D．The Governors Ball Music Festival.

Just over 12 months ago I gave myself a challenge: give up spending on all but the essentials for a whole year. It hasn't always been easy, but a year on I am wealthier and wiser. Embarrassingly, I have also realised just how much money I've squandered down the pubs in restaurants and through mindless shopping.

Free of any financial worries, I was spending without thinking. Stuck in a cycle of consumerism, I was struggling in vain to spend my way to happiness. Giving up spending for a year was an extreme approach, but I wanted to taste extreme frugality, shake up my spending patterns and overpay my mortgage instead of shopping. I could continue to pay my bills, including mortgages, broadband(宽带), phone bill, charity donations, life insurances, money to help my family and basic groceries.

It was not easy, especially in the first few months. There were lows, such as when I missed my favourite jazz concerts and hit films. There have also been some awkward moments when I've turned up to a friend's house for dinner empty-handed. I did a lot of washing up at my friends' houses in return this year.

I did find new ways to live, however. Using sites such as Eventbrite I have been to film screenings, wine tasting evenings and theatre productions for free. Living in London I have a

wealth of free cultural activities on my doorstep and I've been to more art exhibitions this year than ever before. I even managed a free holiday, cycling the

Suffolk and Norfolk coast and camping on beaches. It's something I'd never done before and probably wouldn't have, were it not for the challenge.

The last 12 months have taught me what things I really need. I can honestly say I' m happier now. I've gained confidence and skills, done things and met lovely people I wouldn't have otherwise done or met.

4．In the past the author wasted much money on the following EXCEPT . A．purposeless shopping B．basic groceries

C．restaurants D．pubs

5．We can infer that the purpose of the author's no-spending challenge is to .

A．try to form a virtue of frugality B．change her former spending habits C．pay off her mortgage as soon as possible D．reserve money for her everyday bills 6．What do we know about the author during her no-spending year?

A．She did a lot of washing and cooking in pubs.

B．She tried cycling and camping for the first time.

C．She explored more cultural activities in London.

D．She attended concerts and wine evenings for free.

7．How does the author eventually feel about her no spending year?

A．It's discouraging. B．It's challenging.

C．It's beneficial. D．It's embarrassing.

Like you and your pet dog, plants are living things: they eat, drink, and grow. Unlike you and your dog, they can't run away, use fists or teeth, or hide under the covers when they're threatened. But they can fight back.

Why would a plant need to fight back? To avoid being eaten, of course! Plants have several ways of protecting themselves. A plant can grow in a hidden or hard-to-get-to place. Think of plants you've seen growing on steep, rocky cliff (悬崖). Or, a plant could make only some parts of itself attractive to hungry insects and animals. For instance, if a plant produced really tasty leaves, herbivores (creatures that eat only plants) might eat the leaves instead of the seeds, which the plant needs for making more plants. Some plants have sharp or slippery (滑的) parts that discourage insects and other animals from getting too close, like the thorns(刺) on a

rosebush.

But the most interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals. Plants take minerals from the soil and combine them into chemicals that do a lot of work. For example, plants produce chlorophyll(叶绿素), which helps convert sunshine and water into the sugars that plants eat.

They also produce chemicals to help protect themselves. One kind of tobacco plant releases a chemical into the air whenever small bugs begin to eat it. The chemical signals large bugs, saying "Dinner's ready!" The big bugs come to eat the little ones and save the plant.

Most plants use chemicals in a more direct way against their enemies. In other words, plants make poison.

8．What does the underlined word "convert" mean?

A．Change B．Separate

C．Form D．Produce

9．What do we know from the passage?

A．Some plants hide under the covers when faced with threat.

B．A plant grows in a hard-to-get-to place to draw people's attention.

C．Some plants produce tasty leaves to protect their seeds.

D．Plants produce chemicals to meet the needs of big bugs.

10．What may be talked about following the last paragraph?

A．Different effects that different plant poisons cause on plant eaters.

B．Different kinds of plants in the world.

C．Why plants make poison?

D．How to protect plants?

11．What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Plant information. B．Plant enemies.

C．Plant poisons. D．Plant protection.

Clean drinking water is something we might take for granted at home, but not so for travelers. The epiphany moment for Samuel Ian Rosen came when he found himself at an airport selling out $ 5 for a bottle of Evian water.

“Nobody up till now has built a digital map for drinking water,” Rosen, a serial entrepreneur(企业家), said in an interview. “Finding water is inconvenient. When I opened a

digital map and typed ‘water fountain’, there wa s nothing. We solved it by building a digital map for water. We are a search engine. We tell you where the water is.”

Beginning October 23, consumers in cities from New York and Los Angeles to Amsterdam and New Delhi will be able to download an app called “Tap” on their mobile phones that will help them find the closest free public drinking fountains and water bottle refill stations at places like airports. They can also refill(再装满) their bottles at over 34,000 cafes. Restaurants and other businesses-from Umami Burger and Shake Shack to Sweetgreen and Barry's Bootcamp-have signed on globally in the Tap's Refill Station network. Rosen said that number is rapidly growing.

The app allows users to narrow their search by such criteria as whether the water is unfiltered(未过滤的) or flavored. There are also “water A TMS” where people will be able to purchase unpackaged water to refill their existing bottles.

“We didn't have to wait to convince anyone to sign up,” Rosen who previously founded on-demand storage company Ma kespace, said. “It's similar to what corporations are doing with sustainability for the same right reason. We have brand ambassadors as young as 10 signing up local businesses. This is a movement.”

12．An “epiphany moment” is when you .

A．experience something funny B．are about to make a bad deal C．come up with a bright idea D．are mad at something unfair

13．Why did Rosen build “Tap”?

A．To stop water waste. B．To advertise some businesses.

C．To compete with digital map companies. D．To make free drinking water accessible. 14．What can people do at “water ATMS”?

A．Filter(过滤) water. B．Buy clean water.

C．Donate water bottles. D．Store water for the poor.

15．What feeling is expressed in Rosen's words in the last paragraph?

A．Confidence. B．Indifference. C．Sympathy. D．Relief.

二、七选五

Four Habits to Help You Succeed

Nobody would like to experience failure. We all want to succeed. For those who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to understand. 16．

?Know your values.

Finding your values is in line with creating motivation. 17．Pick a handful of things and write them down. Remind yourself of your values every day and reflect on whether you are honoring those values through your work.

?Pick a goal and focus on it.

Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of achievement, while adjusting well to your values. If you want to achieve your goal, focus is the key here. 18．If you perform many tasks at a time, you might never finish your projects because they will take far too long.

?Set a time for success.

Set a date for success. Know when you hope to realize your goal. 19．By setting a time limit, you are making the process realistic.

? 20．

Failure can’t be avoided when you take risks. By its very definition, the desire to succeed means you are risking failure. Many people tend to give up far too early. Don’t fall into this trap! Use failure. Treat it as a good thing, and go on.

A．Make the right decision.

B．The more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.

C．I have made a list of four habits to help you set goals and realize them.

D．Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.

E.Don’t give up because of failure.

F.Sit and reflect on what you value most.

G.Push yourself to be courageous, and take that next step.

三、完形填空

I have always been a stickler(非常看重……的人) for equality. Therefore, I was

21 of the sort of friendship where you give with nothing in 22 , and the other person feels much bigger than you are. I don't know 23 exactly it started, but for as long as I remember, I have felt self-conscious about the 24 within my

friendships. I constantly worry that I 25 my friends more than they do. When the scale(秤) tips to one side in my relationships, I feel myself start to fall over too, like a branch hanging off the edge of a cliff.

When I entered high school, I made friends who gave 26 and willingly: advice, knowledge, and 27 . Even if they gave more than they received, they did so with a

28 . I slowly began to realize that some people were worth the inequality, and that some things could be 29 in other ways or at a later time. Kindness is a(n) 30 that you receive back from the ones you give it to. My friend Alicia always 31 to help others with their work and assignments, which made me and all the other 32 of her kindness 33 to help her if she ever need anything in the future. It wasn't an exactly equal way of repaying her, but it was our own small way of saying thank you.

Today，I still 34 maintaining(维持) equality in my life. However, I have learned that it's okay to give more than you receive, if you are giving to the 35 person and that it's okay to let some debts go unpaid.

21．A．proud B．fond C．afraid D．confident 22．A．sight B．place C．vain D．return 23．A．how B．why C．when D．where 24．A．strength B．balance C．envy D．affection 25．A．attract B．value C．hit D．embarrass 26．A．generously B．directly C．financially D．wisely 27．A．status B．help C．salaries D．greetings 28．A．smile B．sigh C．nod D．wave 29．A．made up B．turned down C．tested out D．paid back 30．A．punishment B．request C．aim D．gift 31．A．offered B．refused C．failed D．agreed 32．A．victims B．users C．receivers D．contributors 33．A．unable B．determined C．ambitious D．ashamed 34．A．struggle with B．object to C．get tired of D．take pride in 35．A．wise B．right C．perfect D．best

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

You’ve probably seen the term extreme sports in magazines, heard about it on the evening news, and seen it 36．(advertise) in sporting goods stores. So, what exactly are extreme sports?

During the 1970s and 1980s, the term “extreme sports” 37．(use) for sports that were

often dangerous and could result in injury or even death. Today, however, extreme sports also include 38．(activity) that give a feeling of adventure without 39．(necessary) putting your life in danger. For every extreme sport there is professional equipment that has been developed 40．(protect) your body and improve your performance.

Extreme sports cover a wide 41．(vary) of activities. Some extreme sports have developed 42．a familiar activity, like mountain biking. Some extreme sports may not be well-known. Bouldering, for example, is a type of rock climbing in 43．no rope is used. It usually takes place in an area with large rocks or in climbing centers.

People have never stopped 44．(develop) new types of extreme activities. These sports are gaining 45．large audience and growing in popularity, especially among young people.

五、提纲类作文

46．假定你叫李华。一直喜欢唱歌，最近组建了自己的音乐俱乐部。你的笔友David很想了解一下有关情况，请给他回一邮件。

内容包括:

1. 俱乐部情况(名称、组建时间、活动频率等)；

2. 俱乐部带来的好处(交友、放松、积极面对人生等)；

注意:

1. 词数80左右；

2. 开头和结尾均已给出(不计入总词数)；

3. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear David,

I am pleased to share with you some information about my music club.

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

六、读后续写

47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

Through our lives, we can gain a lot and lose so much. But being honest should always be with us, as honesty is always regarded as a virtue. Every time I talk about the topic, something crowds in my mind as if it had just happened.

I was 16 when one morning, Dad told me I could drive him to Mijas and then take the car in a nearby garage to get it serviced. At that time, I had just passed the driving test, and I hardly had a chance to use the car, so I said yes without hesitation.

I drove my father to Mijas, promising to pick him up again at 4 pm, then I went to a

nearby garage, and put the car in there. Since I had several hours to spare, I decided to go to a movie theater near the garage to see the movie. However, I was so absorbed in the plot of the movie that I forgot the time. When the last movie finished, I looked at my watch：6 pm. I was two hours late!

I thought my father would be very angry if he knew what I was doing. And he would never let me drive again. So I decided to make up an excuse. Then, I drove to the appointed place, my father was sitting in a corner, waiting patiently. I first apologized for being late, then told him that I wanted to get there as soon as possible, but that something was wrong with some of the main parts of the car.

I would never forget the way he looked at me. “I'm very disappo inted that you thought you had to lie to me, Jason.” My father looked at me again and said, “When you didn't show up on time, I called the gas station and asked if there was anything wrong They told me you never picked up the car. So, you see, I know there's nothing wrong with the car at all."

Paragraph 1

A wave of guilt swept over me and I had to admit the fact that I had gone to the movies and that was the real reason why I was late.

Paragraph 2

But father, it's exactly eighteen miles home from here , and it's dark. You can't walk back. " I begged.

参考答案

1．B

2．D

3．B

【分析】

本文是应用文。介绍了四个世界最好的夏季音乐节的相关信息。

1．

细节理解题。根据第一部分中To take a break from the music, festival goers can participate in activities. such as Silent Disco or lawn(草坪)games.可知音乐节的观众们可以从音乐中休息一下，参加一些活动。比如无声迪斯科或草地游戏。由此可知，在Governors Ball音乐节上，可以跳无声迪斯科，玩草坪游戏等活动来放松，故选B。

2．

细节理解题。根据第二部分中Created by two Danish college students, Roskilde has developed from a hippie(嬉皮士) gathering ground to a mainstream music festival.可知由两名丹麦大学生创立的Roskilde音乐节已经从嬉皮士的聚集地发展成为主流音乐节。由此可知，Roskilde Festival最初由两名大学生创办，故选D。

3．

细节理解题。根据第四部分的Rock al Parque Most music festivals require tickets, but the participation in the three-day festival is free of charge.可知大多数音乐节都需要门票，但是三天的音乐节是免费的。由此可知，Rock al Parque是免费的，故选B。

4．B

5．B

6．C

7．C

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者为了改变自己的消费模式，而进行了为期一年的无消费挑战，即在一年内放弃除必需品以外的所有支出。作者描述了自己在此期间的体会和改变，作者觉得这一挑战是有益的。

4．

细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Embarrassingly, I have also realised just how much money I've squandered down the pubs in restaurants and through mindless shopping.可知令人尴尬的是，我还意识到自己在酒吧、餐厅和盲目购物上浪费了许多钱。由此可知，作者在酒吧、餐厅和盲目购物方面浪费了很多钱，除了B选项“基本生活用品”。故选B。

5．

推理判断题。根据第二段中Giving up spending for a year was an extreme approach, but I wanted to taste extreme frugality, shake up my spending patterns and overpay my mortgage instead of shopping.可知一年不花钱是一种极端的做法，但我想要体验一下极端节俭的生活，改变一下我的消费模式，多支付我的抵押贷款，而不是购物。由此可推知，作者的无消费挑战的目的是为了改变她以前的消费习惯。故选B。

6．

细节理解题。根据第四段第三句Living in London I have a wealth of free cultural activities on my doorstep and I've been to more art exhibitions this year than ever before.可知住在伦敦，我有很多免费的文化活动，今年我参观的艺术展比以往任何时候都多。由此可知，在作者不花钱的那一年里，在伦敦探索了更多的文化活动。故选C。

7．

推理判断题。由最后一段The last 12 months have taught me what things I really need. I can honestly say I' m happier now. I've gained confidence and skills, done things and met lovely people I wouldn't have otherwise done or met.可知过去的12个月教会了我什么才是我真正需要的。我可以诚实地说，我现在更快乐了。我获得了自信和技能，做了一些我不可能做或遇到的事情，遇到了可爱的人。由此可推知，对于她这一年不花钱的日子，作者最终觉得这是有益的。故选C。

8．A

9．C

10．A

11．D

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物是怎样反击和保护自己的。

8．词义猜测题。根据下划线所在的句子plants produce chlorophyll(叶绿素), which helps convert sunshine and water into the sugars that plants eat.可知，植物产生叶绿素，能将阳光和水变成植物需要的糖分。根据语境，可以推测convert是“改变、转变”的意思，即change。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第二段if a plant produced really tasty leaves, herbivores (creatures that eat only plants) might eat the leaves instead of the seeds, which the plant needs for making more plants.可知，如果一种植物产生真正美味的叶子，食草动物（只吃植物的动物）可能吃叶子而不是种子，植物需要种子来长出更多的植物。由此可知，一些植物可能用美味的叶子来保护种子。故选C。

10．推理判断题。根据最后一段Most plants use chemicals in a more direct way against their enemies. In other words, plants make poison.可知，大部分植物以更直接的方式使用化学物质来对抗敌人。换句话说，植物产生毒素。由此推测，接下来会写，不同的植物毒素对食草动物的不同影响。故选A。

11．主旨大意题。根据第二段Plants have several ways of protecting themselves. A plant can grow in a hidden or hard-to-get-to place.植物有几种保护自己的方法。一株植物可以生长在一个隐蔽的或难以接近的地方。根据第三段But the most interesting way that plants fight back is by using chemicals.可知，但最有趣的方式是植物通过使用化学物质反击；根据第四段They also produce chemicals to help protect themselves.可知，他们也产生化学物质来保护自己。由此可以看出，文章是关于植物保护的。短文的最佳标题是“植物的自我保护”。故选D。

12．C

13．D

14．B

15．A

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了企业家Rosen由自身的经历创建了饮用水的数字地图及手机应用，帮助人们找到最近的免费公共喷泉式饮水器或瓶装水补给站。

12．

推理判断题。根据第一段中The epiphany moment for Samuel Ian Rosen came when he found himself at an airport selling out $ 5 for a bottle of Evian water.可知当Samuel Ian Rosen发现自己

在机场买一瓶5美元的依云矿泉水时，他突然有了一个好主意。结合后文Rosen 发现机场5美元一瓶的依云矿泉水非常昂贵，让Rosen突然有了灵感——他可以建立一个饮用水的数字地图。由此可推知，“epiphany moment”是指想出了一个好主意。故选C。

13．

细节理解题。根据第三段中Beginning October 23, consumers in cities from New York and Los Angeles to Amsterdam and New Delhi will be able to download an app called “Tap” on their mobile phones that will help them find the closest free public drinking fountains and water bottle refill stations at places like airports.可知10月23日开始，来自纽约、洛杉矶、阿姆斯特丹、新德里等城市的消费者将能够下载一款名为Tap的手机应用，帮助他们找到最近的免费公共喷泉式饮水器和机场等地的瓶装水补给站。由此可知，Rosen建立“Tap”是为了提供免费饮用水。故选D。

14．

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中There are also “water ATMS” where p eople will be able to purchase unpackaged water to refill their existing bottles.可知还有“自动取水机”，市民可以购买到无包装的水，给现有的水瓶加水。由此可知，在“自动取水机”可以买到干净的水。故选B。

15．

推理判断题。根据最后一段“We didn't have to wait to convince anyone to sign up,” Rosen who previously founded on-demand sto rage company Makespace, said. “It's similar to what corporations are doing with sustainability for the same right reason. We have brand ambassadors as young as 10 signing up local businesses. This is a movement.”可知Rosen之前创建了按需仓储公司Makespace，他说，“我们不用等着说服任何人签约，这就像企业为可持续发展做的事情一样，都是出于同样的正当理由。我们的品牌大使年仅10岁就签约当地企业。这是一场运动。”由此可推知，最后一段Rosen的话表达了一种自信的情感。故选A。

16．C

17．F

18．B

19．D

20．E

这是一篇应用文。文章列出了如何设定目标以及实现这些目标的四个好习惯。

16．空格位于首段段尾，起承上启下的作用。由后边小标题可知，这句话要引出标题中出现的四个好习惯。选项C中的“I have made a list of four habits to…”内容与标题相符合，且是经典的引出话题的句式。故选C。

17．空格位于段中。这个空格位于第一个小标题下段落中。小标题是“Know your values.（了解你的价值观。）”，选项F中的“what you value most”与小标题内容一致，故选F。18．空格位于段中。这个空格位于第二个小标题下。第二个小标题为“Pick a goal and focus on it.（选一个目标并集中于这个目标）”，选项B中的“The more focused you are on one g oal…（你越集中于目标……）”，与小标题内容一致，故选B。

19．空格位于段中。这个空格位于第三个小标题下。第三个小标题为“Set a date for success.（未成功设置期限。）”，选项D中的“Keep it realistic, while not giving yourself too much time.（要现实，然而不能给你自己太多的时间。）”与小标题内容一致，故选D。

20．空格位于小标题处。根据前三个小标题都是简短的祈使句，可以将答案确定在AD之间。再由小标题下内容“Use failure. Treat it as a good thing, and go on.（利用失败。把它当做好事情，继续坚持。）”可知，本段谈论内容与失败有关。选项E中的“failure”与其呼应。故选E。

【点睛】

七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。通过文章中的项目符号可知，这是一篇应用类说明文，采用的是总分的形式。这类文章属于七选五中稍微简单的题目，主要使用的解题技巧就是内容与小标题呼应。例如本题中的第2,3,4,5题，2,3,4是由标题推内容，第5题是由内容推小标题，解题方法一致。第1题主要是承上启下句，引出本文内容，可根据内容与标题一致或总分句式解题，具体步骤看详解。同学们对这些技巧多体会，以提高做题速度和准确度。

21．C

22．D

24．B

25．B

26．A

27．B

28．A

29．D

30．D

31．A

32．C

33．B

34．A

35．B

【分析】

这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了作者之前一直在追求朋友之间给予与被给予之间的平衡，后来在高中时期，通过和一些朋友的相处发现，友谊是可以不用那么“斤斤计较”的，重要的是在对方困难的时候给予该有的帮助。

21．

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我害怕那种你付出却没有回报的友谊，而另一个人却感觉比你付出得多。A. proud骄傲的；B. fond喜欢的；C. afraid害怕的；D. confident自信的。根据前文“a sticker for equality”（一个注重公平的人）可知作者害怕在友谊中没有得到对等的回应。短语be afraid of“害怕……”。故选C。

22．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我害怕那种你付出却没有回报的友谊，而另一个人却感觉比你付出得多。A. sight视力；B. place地方；C. vain徒劳；D. return返回。结合上文you give with nothing in可知此处指，付出却没有任何回报，短语in return“作为回报”。故选D。

23．

考查连接词辨析。句意：我不知道它具体是从什么时候开始的，但从我记事起，我就有一种在友谊中维持平衡的自我意识。根据后文“for as long as I remember”（从我记事起），可知作者不知道这种意识具体从何时开始，此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，表示“什么

时候”故应用when。故选C。

24．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道它具体是从什么时候开始的，但从我记事起，我就有一种在友谊中维持平衡的自我意识。A. strength力量；B. balance平衡；C. envy嫉妒；D. affection 喜爱。根据第一段中I have always been a stickler(非常看重……的人) for equality.可知，作者非常注重朋友之间给予与被给予间的平衡，故选B。

25．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总担心，比起他们珍惜我，我更珍惜他们。A. attract吸引；

B. value珍惜，重视；

C. hit打击；

D. embarrass使尴尬。结合上文内容可知，作者注重朋友之间的平衡，所以总是担心比起朋友们珍惜作者，作者更珍惜朋友们。故选B。

26．

考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我进入高中，我交了朋友，他们既慷慨又乐于助人，给了我建议、知识和帮助。A. generously慷慨地；B. directly直接地；C. financially经济上；D. wisely 明智地。根据后文“willingly”(自愿地，乐于助人地)可知，前面应该是与其含义相当的词，故generously表示“慷慨地”符合语境。故选A。

27．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我进入高中，我交了朋友，他们既慷慨又乐于助人，给了我建议、知识和帮助。A. status地位；B. help帮助；C. salaries工资；D. greetings打招呼。根据“advice，knowledge”（建议和知识）可推测朋友给了作者建议、知识和帮助。故选B。28．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使他们付出的比得到的多，他们也是面带微笑的。A. smile微笑；B. sigh叹气；C. nod点头；D. wave挥动。结合上文Even if they gave more than they received, they did so with a可知作者高中结识的朋友，即使付出的比得到的多，也总是面带微笑的。故选A。

29．

考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始慢慢意识到，有些人的不平等是值得的，有些东西是可以用其他方式或在以后的时间来偿还的。A. made up编造；B. turned down关小；C. tested out 测试；D. paid back偿还，回报。根据语境，作者说的“some things”指的是朋友帮助自己后，自己欠的人情，这些人情可以以另一种方式或者之后再偿还（paid back），故选D。30．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良是你给予别人后，别人返还给你的一件礼物。A. punishment 惩罚；B. request请求；C. aim目的；D. gift礼物。结合上文Kindness可知善良是一种好事，比喻为“礼物”更符合语境。故选D。

31．

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友Alicia总是主动提供帮助，帮别人完成工作和任务，这使得我和其他受她好意的人决心在她将来有任何需要的时候帮助她。A. offered提供；B. refused拒绝；C. failed失败；D. agreed同意。结合后文to help others with their work and assignments可知Alicia总是主动给他们提供帮助。故选A。

32．

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友Alicia总是主动提供帮助，帮别人完成工作和任务，这使得我和其他受她好意的人决心在她将来有任何需要的时候帮助她。A. victims被害者；B. users用户；C. receivers接受者；D. contributors贡献者。结合上文可知Alicia给他人提供帮助，所以接受帮助的人决定将来也要帮助她。故选C。

33．

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友Alicia总是主动提供帮助，帮别人完成工作和任务，这使得我和其他受她好意的人决心在她将来有任何需要的时候帮助她。A. unable不能的；

B. determined坚决的；

C. ambitious野心勃勃的；

D. ashamed羞愧的。结合后文to help her if she ever need anything in the future可知是指接受Alicia帮助的人，决心在未来也帮助Alicia，短语determined to do sth.“决定做某事”。故选B。

34．

考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，我仍然在维持我生活中的公平这方面作斗争。A. struggle with 与……作斗争；B. object to反对；C. get tired of厌倦；D. take pride in以……为傲。上文提到作者一直是个注重公平的人，所以到如今都在为维持生活中的公平这方面作斗争。故选A。35．

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我明白了你给予的比你得到的多也没关系，只要你给了对的人，哪怕没有回报也没关系。A. wise明智的；B. right正确的；C. perfect完美的；D. best 最好的。结合语境帮助要给对的人，这样的给予哪怕没有回报也没有关系。故选B。

36．advertised

37．was used

38．activities

39．necessarily

40．to protect

41．variety

42．from

43．which

44．developing

45．a

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。介绍了极限运动的起源、所包含的一些活动及它的未来趋势。

36．考查非谓语动词。此处it代指上文提到的“extreme sports”，动词advertise和逻辑主语extreme sports之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作补足语，修饰extreme sports。故填advertised。37．考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“During the 1970s and 1980s,”，可知时态为一般过去时；主语“the term “extreme sports””和谓语动词use之间是被动关系，因此为被动语态。故填was used。

38．考查名词复数。句意：然而，今天极限运动也包含给你冒险的感觉的活动，确保你没有生命危险。由“extreme sports”可知，极限运动包含的不止一种活动，应该用名词复数。故填activities。

39．考查副词。副词修饰介词短语“without putting your life in danger.”，作状语，因此将形容词necessary变成副词necessarily。故填necessarily。

40．考查非谓语动词。此处to do 不定式表目的。故填to protect。

41．考查名词。形容词wide修饰名词，因此将动词vary变成名词variety。故填variety。42．考查介词。句意：一些极限运动发展自（我们）熟悉的活动，比如登山自行车。上文提到极限运动包含各种各样的活动，根据语境得出极限运动的发展源于、来自于熟悉的活动。develope from “由......发展而来”。故填from。

43．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，被修饰的先行词是rock climbing，指物，且空前有介词in，只能用which引导定语从句。故填which。

44．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们从未停止发展新的类型的极限活动。短语stop doing sth

意为“停止正在做的事”符合句意。故填developing。

45．考查冠词。冠词修饰名词短语large audience，且表示泛指，large首字母的发音为辅音

音素，因此用不定冠词a。故填a 。

【点睛】

定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。分析小题8的句子结构可知，被修饰的先行词是rock climbing，指物，且空前有介词in，只能用which引导定语从句。故填which。

46．Dear David,

I am pleased to share with you some Information about my music club.

My club, Dream Music Club, whose motto is "to sing for dreams", was formed one year ago. To realize the goal, we've been practicing every Friday night ever since and we stick to the plan. Also, every four weeks we'll hold singing competitions, and we do have fun.

Actually, as a music lover, I get a lot from running the club, which not only helps me make friends but get relaxed and hold a positive attitude toward life as well.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours

Li Hua

【分析】

本书面表达是一篇提纲类写作。要求以李华的名义给笔友David写一封邮件。

【详解】

这是一篇书信类作文。写作提要为假定你叫李华。一直喜欢唱歌，最近组建了自己的音乐俱乐部。你的笔友David很想了解一下有关情况，请给他回一邮件。内容包括：

1. 俱乐部情况(名称、组建时间、活动频率等)；

2. 俱乐部带来的好处(交友、放松、积极面对人生等)；我们所要做的就是用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。本作文中给出的要点比较简略，故需要自由发挥的地方较多。需要注意不要偏离文章中心。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合整个文章,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。【点睛】