压缩机英文翻译

WRV COMPRESSOR DATABOOK

1．INTRODUCTION TO THE WRV COMPRESSOR RANGE

1.1 Product Overview

Howden Compressors Ltd have been and remain the world leaders in screw compressor technology. From the introduction of the first commercially manufactured screw compressor in 1938 and the first oil injected screw compressor for industrial refrigeration, to more recent innovations which include the development of small machines for air conditioning of vehicles and the largest commercially manufactured screw unit for such applications as petro-chemical operations and large air conditioning duties such as deep mine cooling. The heavy duty construction of the WRV range of compressors, the number of models and configurations, and other options available present users and engineers with a product range which can satisfy virtually all requirements within the operating range of screw compressors.

The WRV range of compressors has established a reputation throughout the world for sustained efficient performance, reliability and low running cost in all major industries where refrigeration, cooling or heat pump duties are a key requirement to profitable company performance. Conservative design features such as plain-shell type journal bearings and double wall casing lend themselves to applications of the machine where extremes in operating conditions or hazardous refrigerants are involved. Similarly where utmost reliability and minimal maintenance are required the WRV range has no parallel.

Howden have a depth of experience and range of options which can confidently allow users to apply these machines for use with virtually any refrigerant or gas. These options include, materials of construction, bearing and seal arrangements as well as

many other features and details of design which may be required by specialist engineering companies, operators and users alike.

In its standard build form the WRV compressor is ideally suited to standard industrial refrigeration applications where a great many international companies have now standardised on this product.

1.2 Basic Compressor Identification

Consider a compressor designated WRV25. The coding is derived as follows:

W - Wet, i.e. oil injected

R - Refrigeration (Originally designed for refrigeration)

V - Volume, i.e. capacity control

25 - Rotor diameter measured in millimeters

Because of its wide application, many variations of the compressor are produced and these are designated by different and extra letter codes.

1.3 The WRV Compressor Range

General range data:

NOTES:

1. WRV compressors are normally directly driven by electric motors.

For all of the above compressors, except the WRVT510, it is assumed

that they are directly driven by 2 pole electric motors ie running at 3000 and 3600 rpm respectively. The WRVT510 is assumed to be directly

driven by a 4 pole electric motor i.e.running at 1500 and 1800 rpm.

2. Additional models are under development. Revised data sheets and

other information will be provided for this manual as these models

become available.

2．SPECIFICATION OF HOWDEN WRV COMPRESSOR

2.1 General

The Howden WRV compressor has been specifically designed for refrigeration. With oil injection, exceptionally high pressure ratios in one stage are possible as the oil seals the clearances between the rotors and absorbs most of the heat of compression. The oil can be effectively separated so as to give virtually oil free delivery. As there is no need to separate the bearing housings from the compression chamber by oil and gas seals, the bearings can be located close to the rotors. Therefore, rotor deflections are kept to a minimum and high pressure differences across the compressor are possible. Only the power input shaft, which is running at a comparatively low speed, has to be sealed to the atmosphere and a face type mechanical seal can be effectively employed. Therefore, there is no gas leakage to the atmosphere.

2.2 Casings

The compressor main casing is a double wall design with the outer wall of circular section. Separate end covers are dowelled and bolted to the main casing to ensure correct alignment. The main casing incorporates the suction flange at the top and the discharge flange at the bottom and these are tapped to suit set pins. Due to its size the WRVT510 compressor has a separate rotor casing and a discharge casing which incorporates the side discharge flange.

2.3 Rotors

Accurately machined male and female rotors are located side by side in the compressor casing. They are machined from solid bar or forgings and the seal and bearing locations are treated to give low wear and long life characteristics. The rotors have asymmetric profiles, selected according to rotor size to give maximum efficiency and coefficient of performance.

2.4 Bearings

Radial bearings are steel backed 1 or 3 scallop white metal lined sleeve bearings. These bearings also act as seals as the oil is fed to them at a pressure higher than compressor discharge. Each rotor also has a pair of steel cage angular contact anti-friction thrust bearings fitted face to face at the discharge end. Thrust bearings are off-loaded by having balance pistons on both male and female rotors. Further off-loading of the male rotor thrust on some models is achieved by having another balance piston incorporated in the input shaft seal arrangement. This balance piston by itself, gives sufficient offloading for the WRV163 compressor and no other balance pistons are fitted

to this compressor. The WRVT510 compressor has tilting pad type thrust bearings as standard. This type of thrust bearing is available as an option on WRV255 and WRV321 compressors.

2.5 Shaft Seal

Howden, in conjunction with a leading shaft seal manufacturer, has developed a balanced seal with a unique mounting and lubrication arrangement which ensures positive sealing and lubrication of the sealing seat and minimal leakage under all operating conditions. The life of the seal is extended considerably as a result of this design. The mechanical shaft seal is mounted on the male drive rotor shaft at the inlet end of the compressor and comprises a spring loaded carbon face rotating against a stationary cast iron seat. The seal is easily replaced in-situ with a minimum of disturbance to other components.

2.6 Capacity Control

Capacity control is achieved using a capacity control slide valve. This valve is in effect a movable section of the rotor bore casing which prevents compression beginning within the rotor lobes until the required flow is matched by the gas within the compression space. In this way, work is not done on all of the gas within the rotor lobes, hence power is saved when the system demand is less than the maximum capacity of the compressor. Capacity regulation is in the range of 100% to approximately 10% of full load. Operation at part load gives a related power saving.

The capacity control slide valve is operated using an integral hydraulic cylinder and double acting piston. To move the slide valve, oil from the lubrication system is fed, via solenoid valves, to one side or other of the piston which is connected to the slide valve.

2.7 Quality Assurance of WRV Compressors

Howden Compressors are now able to offer all our products with the backing of Quality Systems approved and certified by Lloyds Register of Quality Assurance (LRQA) as compliant to BS5750 Part 1. A copy of our certificate follows.

The selection of LRQA as the assessment body was made in the knowledge that their prestige as an independent certifying authority, backed by the name of Lloyd's Register, carries a high reputation worldwide. Also, their accreditation of our organization to BS5750 Part 1 automatically confers approval to EN29001 and ISO9001, the respective European and International Quality Standards, necessary for our operation throughout the world in the 1990s.

The application of such a Quality Assurance system means that you can

rely on our compressors being produced to a consistently high standard, with a level of checks that few of our competitors can approach.

These include the following principal features:-

a) Unlike certain manufacturers who make rotors from castings, our approach utilizes a specially certified grade of forging or steel bar, which is precision machined to an exact profile. Every set of male & female rotors are checked on a "Pairing Stand", to ensure that precise clearances are attained.

b) All our rotors are dynamically balanced to ISO 1940 : Grade 2.5 to ensure smooth, long life operation.

c) Compressors casings are in high duty cast iron, fully certified to BS1452 Grade 250. Each casing is hydraulically tested to 1 1/2 times maximum design pressure to ensure their integrity.

d) The precise tolerances of our machined casings are verified using a CNC controlled, Coordinate Measuring Machine, housed in a temperature controlled area, calibrated to measure to a repetitive accuracy of 2 microns.

e) Assembly takes place in an environment separate from any dust and grit in the general workshop. Cleanliness is crucial to successfully manufacturing compressors and "Vaquablasting" and vapour degreasing techniques are used to ensure that all items brought into the assembly area are maintained free from contamination.

f) The sealing arrangements are checked on all assembled compressors by a pressurised leak test at 1.1 times maximum design duty.

g) Every machine built is subject to a performance test which is generally in accordance with API 619; with additional reference to BS 1042/ISO 1217. A detailed Test Certificate to verify this is supplied to all customers.

WRV压缩机数据手册（参考资料手册）

1介绍WRV压缩机系列

1.1产品概述

豪顿压缩机有限公司已经成为并长期保持螺杆压缩机技术世界领导者的位置。从引进的第一个商业化生产的螺杆式压缩机，1938年第一次石油喷油螺杆压缩机工业制冷，最近的改革，其中包括发展小型机械车辆的空调和最大的商业化生产的螺杆机组等应用石油化工业务和大型空调职责，例如深层矿井降温。重型施工WRV范围压缩机，型号和配置的数量，以及其他可供选择的产品范围几乎能够满足所有要求的螺杆式压缩机的工作范围内的现有用户和工程师。

WRV系列压缩机已在世界各地建立了良好的声誉，因为持续高效的性能，可靠性和低运行成本在所有主要的工业制冷，制冷或热泵职责是赚钱的公司表现的一个关键要求。保守的设计特点，如纯壳型轴颈轴承和双墙套管借给自己的机器涉及极端操作条件或危险制冷剂的应用程序。同样，当最大的可靠性和最少的维护都需要保水值范围没有平行。

豪顿有经验的深度和范围的选项，可以放心地让用户申请使用这些机器几乎任何制冷剂或气体。这些选项包括，安排建设，轴承和密封材料，以及许多其他功能和细节设计可能需要的

专业工程公司，运营商和用户的一致好评。在其标准建立形成WRV压缩机非常适合于标准的工业制冷应用程序的一个伟大的许多国际公司在此产品现在已经标准化的。

1.2基本压缩机标识

考虑压缩机WRV25。的编码推导如下：

W - 湿，即喷油

R - 制冷（最初设计用于制冷）

V - 体积，即容量控制

25 - 转子直径以毫米为单位计算

由于其广泛的应用程序，所述压缩机产生的许多变化，这些被指定的不同的和额外的字母代码。

1.3 WRV压缩机系列

一般范围数据：

压缩机L / D比理论位移

立方米C.F.M.的

50赫兹60赫兹50赫兹60赫兹

保水值163 1.45 549 658 323 387

1.80 682 818 401 481

保水值204 1.10 814 976 479 574

1.45 1097 1316 645 774

1.65 1221 1464 718 861

1.93 1343 1612 790 948

保水值255 1.10 1590 1906 935 1121

1.30 1756 2108 1033 1260

1.45 2157 2587 1269 1522

1.65 2400 2880 1412 1694

1.93 2635 3162 1550 1860

2.20 3199 3839 1882 2258

保水值321 1.32 3840 4607 2259 2710

1.65 4799 5760 2823 3388

1.93 5275 6326 3101 3721

2.20 6399 7679 3764 4517

WRVHT 510 1.32 7679 9214 4517 5420

1.65 9598 1151 8 5646 6775

1.93 10540 12648 6200 7440

注意事项：

1。WRV压缩机通常是直接由电动机驱动。对于所有的上述压缩机，以外的WRVT510，它假设，它们是直接驱动的2极电动机即运行在3000和3600转。被假定为4极的电动机

ierunning在1500和1800转直接驱动的WRVT510。

2。其他型号正在开发中。修正后的数据表和其他信息本手册将提供这些模型变得可用。2。规格豪顿WRV压缩机

2.1一般

豪顿WRV压缩机一直专为制冷。为油喷射异常高的压力比，在一个阶段可能作为油密封转子之间的间隙和吸收大部分的压缩热。油能有效分离，从而无形中给油免费送货上门。由于是从压缩室，不需要分离轴承座由石油和天然气的密封件，轴承可位于靠近转子。因此，转子偏差保持在一个最小和高的压力在整个压缩机的差异是可能的。只有电源输入轴，这是在比较低的速度运行，具有被密封到大气中，一个面型机械密封可以有效地使用。因此，也没有气体泄漏到大气中。

2.2套管

所述压缩机主壳体是双墙的设计与圆形断面的外壁上。单独的端罩的构造系统，并用螺栓固定在主壳体确保正确对准。主壳体法兰的顶部和底部的出口法兰采用吸入，这些抽头，以适应一套标签。由于其尺寸WRVT510的压缩机具有一个单独的转子壳体和排出壳体，其包括侧排出法兰。

2.3转子

精密加工的阳转子和阴转子的转子位于压缩机壳体的侧。他们是实心的棒或锻件加工，密封和轴承位置的处理，得到低磨损和寿命长等特点。转子具有不对称外形，根据转子的大小，得到最高的效率和性能系数选择。

2.4轴承

径向轴承钢支持1或3扇贝白色金属内衬套筒轴承。这些轴承也作为密封件的油被输送到它们上面的压力高于压缩机排出。各转子还具有一对钢保持架角接触抗摩擦推力轴承嵌合面对面的排出端。推力轴承已卸载具有阳转子和阴转子的转子平衡活塞。进一步加载在某些机型上的阳转子推力达到另一个平衡活塞成立于输入轴密封装置。这种平衡活塞本身，给人足够的卸载安装该压缩机WRV163压缩机并没有其他的平衡活塞。WRVT510压缩机具有可倾瓦推力轴承作为标准。这种类型的推力轴承可以作为一个选项WRV255 WRV321压缩机上。

2.5轴的密封

豪顿，连同领先的轴密封件制造商已经开发了平衡型密封，具有独特的安装和润滑的安排，可确保良好的密封和润滑的密封座和所有工作条件下的泄漏最小。作为一个结果，这样的设计的密封件的寿命大大延长。对阳转子的驱动转子轴上的机械轴密封件安装在所述压缩机的入口端，并包括一个弹簧加载的碳面旋转相对于固定的铸铁座椅。该密封也很容易更换，在

原地，以最小的干扰到其他组件。

2.6容量控制

使用容量控制滑阀实现容量控制。此阀是有效的可动部分的转子孔的壳体，以防止在转子内的叶开始，直到所需要的流量相匹配的压缩空间内的气体压缩。以这种方式，工作尚未完成对所有在转子内的裂片气体，因此，电源被保存时，系统需求小于最大容量的压缩机。功率调节方式为100％至约10％满负荷的范围内。在部分负荷下的操作给出了相关的省电。

容量控制滑阀采用整体式液压缸和双作用活塞操作。要移动的滑阀，从润滑系统中的油被馈送，通过电磁阀，这是连接到滑阀在活塞的一侧或其他。

2.7 WRV压缩机的质量保证

豪顿压缩机，现在我们所有的产品能够提供与批准的质量体系为后盾，由劳氏船级社质量认证（LRQA）认证，符合BS5750第1部分。我们的证书副本。

作为评估机构的选择LRQA的知识，他们的威信作为一个独立的认证机构，由劳氏船级社的名称为后盾，具有相当高的声誉。此外，他们认可我们的组织BS5750第1部分自动赋予批准EN29001和ISO9001认证，相应的欧洲和国际质量标准，在20世纪90年代在世界各地为我们的操作需要。

这样的质量保证系统的应用意味着你可以依靠我们的压缩机以一贯的高标准生产，具有一定程度的检查，可以接近我们的一些竞争对手。

这些措施包括以下主要特点：-

不像某些厂商谁使转子铸件），我们的方法是利用一个专门认证等级的锻造或钢筋，这是精密加工一个确切的轮廓。每个组检查的阳转子和阴转子的转子“配对架”，以确保精确的间隙达到。

二）我们所有的转子动平衡ISO 1940：2.5级，以确保平稳，使用寿命长，操作。

C）压缩机外壳是在高负载的铸铁，充分的认证到BS1452级250。每个壳体液压试验1 1/2倍的最大设计压力，以确保它们的完整性。

d）在公差精确验证使用数控加工肠衣，三坐标测量机，坐落在一个温度控制区，校准，测量重复精度2微米。

五）大会发生的环境中独立于任何灰尘和砂砾在总装车间。整洁度是至关重要的成功制造压缩机和“Vaquablasting”蒸气脱脂技术的使用，以确保带入装配区域中所有的数据项保持不受污染。

f）本密封安排检查所有组装压缩机加压泄漏测试最大设计负荷的1.1倍。

G）每台机器内置性能测试通常是按照API 619，额外的参考BS 1042/ISO 1217。一个详细的测试证书来验证，这是提供给所有客户。