2021届江苏省第一次百校联考英语试题

2021届江苏省第一次百校联考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读选择

Hiking Trails(路线）for Families on Long Island

Planting Fields Arboretum State Historic Park,Oyster Bay

INFO:9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily;$8 per carload on weekends only

＂Nearly half the 409 acres of the former estate of the W.R.Coe family and current state park arboretum(植物园）property is woodland that includes nature walks and a greenhouse,” confirmed by Brian Nearing,an officer at New York State Parks.Expect to see lots of wildlife,from foxes and squirrels to birds of prey,such as red-tailed hawks and great horned owls,a delight for kids.

Connetquot River State Park Preserve,Oakdale

INFO:8 a.m.to 4 p.m.$8 parking fee daily,631-581-1005,parks.ny.gou.

Casey,vice president of the Long Island Greenbelt Trail Conference,recommends this park for families because they can hike any part of the 50 miles.Along the way,hikers at Connetquot River State Park Preserve might see deer,waterfowl and ospreys(鱼鹰）。

Southampton trails

INFO:Park in museum parking lot at 377 Bridgehampton-Sag Harbor

Tpke.,Bridge-hampton.No parking fee.

The Southampton Trail Preservation Society runs many guided trails in the Hamptons, some suitable for even small children.Behind the South Fork Natural History Museum in Bridgehampton is a small field that surrounds around it and usually has butterflies and birds flying about.

Blydenburgh County Park,Hauppauge

INFO:Daun to dusk.Northern entrance is at the end of New Mill Road.No parking fee.

The east side is flat,making the walk very kid-friendly.The west side is a bit more hilly, but both have spectacular water views of the pond.On the east side is also the rowboat license that opens on Memorial Day and benches,as well as picnic tables.When you're at Blyden-burgh County Park,go in the north entrance off New Mill Road near Route 347,where the main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated.The office can provide information and maps.The start of the trails also is here.

1．Which trail charges for parking every day?

A．Southampton trails.

B．Blydenburgh County Park.

C．Connetquot River State Park Preserve.

D．Planting fields Arboretum State Historic Park

2．What are Southampton trail special about?

A．They include a lot of guided trails.

B．There are rare birds along the way.

C．They cover the longest hiking route.

D．They re specially designed for small kids.

3．What can We learn about Blydenburgh County Park?

A．Many hills lie on the east side.

B．Maps are offered at the office near the north entrance.

C．The trails usually start at the east entrance.

D．A picnic table can be available on the west side.

In the morning, when we arrived on foot at Dumont d’Urville, the French scientific base on the Adelie Coast of Est Antarctica, we had to break up a thin layer of ice that had formed over the hole we had drilled the day before. The hole went right through the

10-foot-thick ice-berg. It was just wide enough for a man, and below it lay the sea. We had never tried to dive through such a small opening. I went first. Pushing and pulling with hands, knees, heels and the tips of my swim fins, I moved through the hole.

The bottom surface of the sea ice is a thick mixture of floating ice blocks, and my fall had set them in motion. They were meeting on the hole as if it had been an upside-down drain. By the time I pushed one arm into the icy blocks, it was three feet thick. Grabbing the safety rope, I was scared and pulled myself up inch by inch, but my shoulders got stuck. Suddenly I was astonished by a sharp blow to the head: Cedric Gentil, one of my dive buddies, was trying to dig me out, and his spade(锹)had struck my skull. Finally, a hand grabbed mine and dragged me into the air. Today's dive was over-but it was only one of 32.

I've come here with another photographer, Vincent Munier, at the invitation of filmmaker Luc Jacquet, who's working on a sequel(续集)to his 2005 accomplishment, March of the Penguins. While Jacquet films emperor penguins and Munier photographs them, my team will

document life under the sea ice.

I've worked for decades as a deep-diving photographer, at first in the Mediterranean Sea, where I learned to dive 30 years ago. Later, a passion for new mysteries took me elsewhere. I've dived to 400 feet off South Africa to photograph rare coelacanths(a large fish),and for 24 straight hours off Fakarava, in French Polynesia ,to witness the pairing of 17,000 groupers, but this exploration to Antarctica is unlike any other. Here we'll be diving deeper than anyone has dived before under Antarctic ice-and the conditions will be beyond harsh.

4．Why was the layer of ice the author chose thin?

A．Because it was formed more recently. B．Because it was near their research base. C．Because the water there was shallower. D．Because the temperature there was higher. 5．What frightened the author when he wanted to return to the surface?

A．The safety rope was missing. B．Floating ice blocks were about to fill the hole.

C．An unknown creature attacked him D．His workmate hit his head

6．Why did the author dive to the Antarctica?

A．To record his travel in the sea B．To conduct a research under the sea. C．To photograph the pairing of penguins. D．To shoot the sea-born life for Jacquet. 7．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?

A．Introduce his achievements.

B．Show his special interest in diving.

C．Stress that the exploration to Antarctica was unique.

D．Add some scientific background information.

You go to the coffee shop and take your coffee to go.You enjoy your drink,and then throw the paper cup in the garbage.Or do you put it in the recycling?It's confusing.A lot of

us-people everywhere-are using to-go cups these days."A recent report said that there are 600 billion cups—billion with a"b' — that are produced and sold globally on an annual basis. So that's a lot,"says Christy Slay with The Sustainability Consortium.Starbucks alone says it contributes 1 percent of those disposable(一次性的）cups:That's an estimated 6 billion cups a year.

To help reduce those numbers,Starbucks and McDonald's are launching a three-year project to build a better cup:one that's both fully recyclable and compostable(可用作堆肥

的）.Here's the big problem with the paper ones you get there and in other coffee shops."They look like paper,but they actually have a thin layer of plastic on the inside,"Slay says.That plastic coating keeps the cups from leaking.The problem is that it also makes the cups really hard to recycle,and only a few facilities in the world can do it.

A few companies have already rolled out compostable coffee cups.But Dylan de Thomas with The Recycling Partnership says there is a problem with those cups,too."Typically they're compostable in industrial settings,so hot your backyard compost that you and I might have,but at fairly technically advanced composting facilities."There aren't a lot of those facilities around,either.

So why exactly,in the 21st century, is it so hard to produce a better paper cup?"It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable, says Bridget Croke with Closed Loop Partners,a firm working to build what they call a circular economy.It’s a fancy way of talking about turning waste into value.Almost anything is technically recyclable,Croke says."But recycling is a business,and if materials can't move through the recycling system and be turned into a product that has value,they're not functionally recyclable."

8．What are people puzzled at about the paper cup?

A．How to deal with the used one.

B．Why people reject it carelessly.

C．What makes it hard to compost.

D．Why Starbucks uses so many cups.

9．How does the plastic layer of the paper cup function?

A．It helps make the cup more portable.

B．It makes the cup easily recyclable.

C．It prevents the water from escaping.

D．It promotes the extended use of the cup.

10．What does Bridget Croke think of recycling the cup?

A．Its future is promising.

B．It is not a profitable business.

C．Its technical problems are unsolvable.

D．A more recyclable cup will be put into the market.

11．What can be the best title for the text?

A．How can we design a better paper cup?

B．Why is it so hard to recycle paper cups?

C．What can we do to lessen the need of paper cups?

D．What damage do paper cups cause to our environment!

How can we possibly cope with the large amount of information about virus spread,stock market nosedives,canceled plans and uncertainty about the future?Some people are buried in the fear,anxiety and sadness,checking news sites and social media constantly.Others try to suppress it all and ignore the outside world(I'm guessing that Instagram has never seen so much traffic).

There's a third option,though.Rather than fully involving in the negative or ignoring it, we can do our best to experience joy alongside everything else that is sad in the world.In fact, research that I and others have conducted suggests that allowing the two different emotions to coexist may actually benefit us in the long run.

Dr.Jeff Larsen and his colleagues coined something known as the"coactivation model of mixed emotions",and the basic idea is that we may be able to deal with,and learn from negative emotions like sadness if we experience them concurrently with positive emotions like joy at the same time.Here,positive emotions provide a psychological buffer(缓冲），making it easier for people to deal with the things they don't want to face.

The comedian Mitch Hedberg proposed an analogy that captures this essence quite well, noting that“it would be cool if you could eat a carrot with an onion ring and they would travel down to your stomach.Then they would get there,and the carrot would say,'It's cool,he's with me .’ Applied to our emotional lives,we could do a better job in digesting,processing gaining insight into the negative events in our lives if we could do so alongside the positive.

Several years ago,my partner Jon Adler and I set out to test this exact idea.Specifically, we looked at sample of adult volunteers who signed up or weekly mental health therapy sessions.Between each week,they reported the feelings they were having and also took a few questionnaires that were meant to assess their overall health.This design allowed us to examine how different emotional experiences would impact mental health in a longitudinal fashion,over the course of 12 weeks.

12．What does the author recommend people to do with a flood of bad news?

A．Take no notice of it at all.

B．Make better plans to fight against it.

C．Take in all of the negative emotions.

D．Involve in the negative and enjoy happiness as well.

13．Which of the following may Jeff Larsen agree with?

A．Mixed emotions remain to be proved.

B．The negative emotion is easy to deal with.

C．The positive emotion makes it easier for people to succeed.

D．Mixed emotions allow people to handle the negative better.

14．What does the underlined word"analogy" in paragraph 4 mean?

A．Exhibition. B．Promotion. C．Similarity. D．Requirement. 15．Why were lots of questions asked during the research?

A．To measure the volunteers health on the whole.

B．To record what the volunteers are experiencing.

C．To treat the mental diseases of the adults.

D．To overturn the theory coactivation model of mixed emotions.

二、七选五

Riding bikes should be fun,and in order to have the most fun out there,we rounded up the best beginner cycling tips to help you get rolling.

16．.

Experiencing pain in the front of your knee?Your seat might be too low,causing you to under-extend during your pedal stroke.This is a common mistake among beginners because most people feel more comfortable and confident if their feet can reach the ground.

Get a bike fit

17．.The seat height should be high enough to give you a very slight bend in your knee when your feet are at the bottom of the pedal stroke,as mentioned above.Proper reach means your arms make a 45-degree angle over the bike.Too long,and your back will be sore reaching for the handlebars18．.

Avoid doing too much too soon

One of the biggest sources of injury comes from trying to take on too much mileage before you're ready.19．.Similarly,if you're on a training ride,don't start too fast and risk burnout and fatigue in the second half.Warm un during the first third of the ride,and then settle into a rhythm

for the second.

Learn how to ride in a group

Group rides have their own rules for a reason.20．.If it's your first time ring with a new group,hang out in the back,observe and ask for help if you need it.No question is a dumb question when your own safety and the safety of the group is at stake.

A．Choose the right bike

B．Set your seat height right

C．Maybe you love riding non-competitively with a group

D．It's easy to cause a crash if your riding isn't predictable

E.Too short,and your knees will be too close to your arms

F.To get the right fit,two elements are key:seat height and reach

G.Build up slowly,ease in,and give your body time to.

三、完形填空

Dana Gendreau,46,an Ohio mom,read in the newspaper about high school football players who continued to take the 21 despite not having food to eat at home or even a place to call home.Immediately,she got in touch with the head football coach at Hughes High School,Chris Mobley.

Because her 10-year-old son also played football,she knew how 22 proper nutrition is for athletes so she decided to start buying fruit and high-protein snacks for the players at Hughes High.She also 23 other parents on her son's youth football team to see if they would want to 24 .The response was 25 .Since September.Gendreau and the other football parents have been able to provide nearly$500 of groceries each week for the Hughes football team.Soon after Gendreau began organizing the 26 .the high school team began winning games-something Mobley 27 to Gendreau' s generosity."Practices now have been full of 28 ,"Mobley said."I think that is a direct reflection of Gendreau."

But Gendreau remains 29 and said it's just her way of paying it forward.When she was little,she 30 homelessness herself,but one 31 act from her coach shifted her focus."I remember one of my coaches gave me a Christmas gift of money so I could 32 a pair of shoes for the sport,"she said."That never 33 me,the kindness she showed me.I knew that no matter what 34 in my life,I was going to help others."Gendreau eventually hopes this story will 35 others to fulfill needs in their own communities.

21．A．field B．chance C．advice D．risk 22．A．convenient B．expensive C．significant D．sensitive 23．A．contacted B．confused C．conducted D．convinced 24．A．hang around B．join in C．show off D．bring up 25．A．disappointing B．integrated C．skeptical D．enthusiastic 26．A．institutions B．conferences C．investigations D．donations 27．A．casts B．owes C．devotes D．points 28．A．variety B．peace C．energy D．regret 29．A．optimistic B．modest C．careful D．reliable 30．A．experienced B．discovered C．misunderstood D．predicted 31．A．painful B．brave C．awkward D．kind 32．A．purchase B．award C．promise D．deliver 33．A．touched B．warned C．left D．charged 34．A．failed B．happened C．rested D．wandered 35．A．force B．advise C．discourage D．stimulate

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Why do squirrels spend their time in trees and chipmunks(花栗鼠) prefer the ground? The answer has a lot to do with 36．chipmunks and squirrels spend their winters. Chipmunks winter in vast underground shelters. Those homes, complete with hidden entrances, can stretch for as long as 30 feet, as LiveScience explains. And all of that space for a single occupant. That's the kind of 37．(secure)a nervous chipmunk evidently needs to fall into a type of torpor(迟缓).

Not to 38．(confuse)with hibernation(冬眠), torpor is more like extreme laziness. Before the cold season, chipmunks don't pack on the calories as some animals do. Instead, 39．(it) will stuff their cheeks with nuts, curl up into a little ball and reduce their body temperature and even their heart rate. In that way, when they need to wake up, they can pop out even mid-winter, for a bite to eat.

Tree squirrels, on the other hand, don't hibernate 40．fall into any other kind of torpor. Instead, as The Conversation notes, they hang out in the relative safety of trees,41．also happen to double as their storerooms. You may have noticed how busy tree squirrels are in

fall,42．(search)for every last seed and nut that can be found and stocking their tree homes with enough food 43．(get)them through winter. Although tree squirrels 44．(be)awake over winter, you won't see many of them. That's because they're 45．(basic) wintering in their cozy trees.

五、提纲类作文

46．假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校交换生Peter在校乒乓球比赛中取得了第二名的好成绩。请你给他写一封电子邮件表示祝贺，内容包括：

1.写信目的；

2.肯定其付出。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter,

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

六、读后续写

47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

There are a number of volunteer organizations out there that deal in things like clothing donation and the sale of remaining books. Retired schoolteacher Cathy McAllister has been a member of such an organization, VNSA, since 2012.Her duties in this regard involve working throughout the year to help prepare the books for their February sale and acting as personnel chair for the sale itself. This means that she helps coordinate(协调)all the other volunteers that help out before, during, and after the event.

It was before the 2019 book sale and Cathy once again found herself sitting among a towering pile of books and sorting through them to ensure that they would be in go0d enough condition to resell. As she was sorting, she came upon a book. The slightly broken book was in fair condition but it was one of four copies she had already found, and she a saved three of those already. The others had been much more gently used as well. Though she didn't like doing it, she had done this long enough to know that the only remaining choice was to throw it into the

pile for repurposing.

A greedy book lover herself, Cathy felt guilty about throwing away a perfectly good book. Before she threw it away, she decided to check for more serious damage inside that might justify her giving it up. She opened the cover and moved to fan through the pages when she noticed something unusual.

When she opened the cover, Cathy was surprised to see that a part had been hollowed out inside the book. It looked as though someone had taken an X-Acto knife and rather expertly hollowed out a significant space. What's more, the book's previous owner had chosen to hide something in that space. She looked down and saw that someone had hidden four packages in the space, each containing ten$100 bills. Cathy's first thought was that the bills were toy money that perhaps a kid had hidden inside as part of some childish game or something.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

But Cathy soon realized that these were real $100 bills.

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Luckily for Cathy, the book also contained the name of the book owner.

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1．C

2．A

3．B

【分析】

这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长岛的几条家庭徒步旅行路线。

1．

细节理解题。根据Connetquot River State Park Preserve,Oakdale部分的$8 parking fee daily可知，Connetquot River State Park Preserve每天都收费。故选C。

2．

细节理解题。根据Southampton trails部分的The Southampton Trail Preservation Society runs many guided trails in the Hamptons, some suitable for even small children.（南安普顿小径保护协会在汉普顿有许多有向导的小径，有些甚至适合小孩子。）可知，这个远足机构经营着很多有导游的路线。故选A。

3．

细节理解题。根据Blydenburgh County Park部分的When you're at Blyden-burgh County Park,go in the north entrance off New Mill Road near Route 347,where the main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated.The office can provide information and maps.（当你在布莱顿-伯格县公园时，从347号公路附近的新米尔路(New Mill Road)的北入口出发，那里是绿带步道会议(Greenbelt Trail Conference)的主要办公室。办公室可以提供信息和地图。）可知，可以在靠近北入口的办公室获得地图。故选B。

4．A

5．B

6．D

7．C

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了身为摄影师的作者和同事一起去南极拍摄水下世界的经历，作者去过地中海，去过南非，法国宾夕法尼亚，但是这些拍摄经验都不如南极这么艰险，而且

潜水的深度也不如南极那么深，而且条件异常艰辛。

4．

细节理解题。根据第一段中In the morning, when we arrived on foot at Dumont d’Urville, the French scientific base on the Adelie Coast of Est Antarctica, we had to break up a thin layer of ice that had formed over the hole we had drilled the day before.可知早晨，我们步行到了Dumont d’Urville，这是法国在南极洲东部阿德利海岸上的科学基地，我们要把昨天钻的洞上面形成的一层薄冰打碎。由此可知，作者选择薄的冰层，因为它是最近才形成的。故选A。

5．

细节理解题。根据第二段中The bottom surface of the sea ice is a thick mixture of floating ice blocks, and my fall had set them in motion. They were meeting on the hole as if it had been an upside-down drain. By the time I pushed one arm into the icy blocks, it was three feet thick. Grabbing the safety rope, I was scared and pulled myself up inch by inch, but my shoulders got stuck.可知海冰的底表面是一层厚厚的浮冰的混合物，我掉下去使它们动了起来。他们在那个洞上聚到了一起，就好像那是个倒挂着的下水道。当我把一只胳膊伸进冰冷的冰块时，它已经有三英尺厚了。抓住安全绳，我很害怕，一寸一寸地往上爬，但我的肩膀卡住了。由此可知，作者落入水中使水下的浮冰开始波动而后聚集堵住了洞口，因此作者很害怕。故选B。6．

细节理解题。根据第三段中While Jacquet films emperor penguins and Munier photographs them, my team will document life under the sea ice.可知在Jacquet拍摄帝企鹅，Munier拍摄它们的同时，我的团队将记录海冰下的生物。由此可知，作者潜水到南极洲是为了给Jacquet拍摄海下生物。故选D。

7．

推理判断题。根据最后一段I've worked for decades as a deep-diving photographer, at first in the Mediterranean Sea, where I learned to dive 30 years ago. Later, a passion for new mysteries took me elsewhere. I've dived to 400 feet off South Africa to photograph rare coelacanths(a large fish),and for 24 straight hours off Fakarava, in French Polynesia ,to witness the pairing of 17,000 groupers, but this exploration to Antarctica is unlike any other. Here we'll be diving deeper than anyone has dived before under Antarctic ice-and the conditions will be beyond harsh.可知我做了几十年的潜水摄影师，最初是在地中海，30年前我在那里学会了潜水。后来，对新神秘事物的热情把我带到了别的地方。我曾潜到离南非400英尺的海底去拍摄罕见的腔棘鱼（一种大型鱼类），

也曾在法国宾夕法尼亚的法卡拉瓦海岸连续24小时，亲眼目睹一万七千只石斑鱼，但这次南极探险不同于以往。在这里，我们将潜水到比任何人都深的南极冰层下，而且条件将会更加恶劣。由此可推知，最后一段作者用了对比的写法，比如作者去过地中海，去过南非，法国宾夕法尼亚，但是这些拍摄经验都不如南极这么艰险，而且潜水的深度也不如南极那么深，而且条件异常艰辛，可知作者在最后一段想要突出南极拍照经历的独特性和艰辛性。故选C。

8．A

9．C

10．B

11．B

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么回收纸杯这么难。

8．

细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二行Or do you put it in recycling? It’s confusing.可知，人们对于如何处理用过的纸杯很迷惑。故选A。

9．

细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第三行That plastic coating keeps the cup from leaking.可知，塑料膜的存在是为了防止液体外渗。故选C。

10．

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句But recycling is a business,and if materials can't move through the recycling system and be turned into a product that has value,they're not functionally recyclable.（但回收是一项业务，如果材料不能通过回收系统转化为有价值的产品，它们就不能在功能上回收利用。）可知，因为无法将纸杯变成有价值的产品，产生经济效益，所以纸杯回收不是一个有效益的事情。故选B。

11．

主旨大意题。文章第一段引出回收纸杯这一话题，接下来的段落通过一些具体的例子说明人们在回收纸杯这个问题上做出的努力以及回收纸杯并不是一件容易的事，特别是最后一段中的“It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable,”（在21世纪，为什么要生产出更好的纸杯会如此困难呢？其实这在技术上不一定很难，难的是使纸杯可回收，还需

要克服一些技术问题）可知B项：So why exactly,in the 21st century, is it so hard to produce a better paper cup?"It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable 为什么回收纸杯这么难？符合题意。故选B。

12．D

13．D

14．C

15．A

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，让这快乐和悲伤这两种不同的情绪共存从长远来看可能对我们有益。

12．

细节理解题。根据文章第二段Rather than fully involving in the negative or ignoring it, we can do our best to experience joy alongside everything else that is sad in the world.（与其完全沉浸在消极的事物中或者忽略它，我们可以尽我们最大的努力去体验快乐和世界上所有的悲伤。）可知，作者建议人们沉浸在消极情绪的同时，也能享受快乐。故选D。

13．

推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二行...and learn from negative emotions like sadness if we experience them currently with positive emotions like joy at the same time.（如果我们同时经历悲伤等消极情绪和快乐等积极情绪，我们就能够处理这些情绪，并从中学习。）可推知，Jeff Larsen可能会同意同时感受悲喜可以使得人们更好的认识悲观情绪，从而让人们更好地处理负面情绪。故选D。

14．

词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子The comedian Mitch Hedberg proposed an analogy that captures this essence quite well, noting that“it would be cool if you could eat a carrot with an onion ring and they would travel down to your stomach.（喜剧演员米奇·海德伯格(Mitch Hedberg)提出了一个类比，很好地抓住了这一本质，他说:“如果你吃胡萝卜时带着洋葱圈，它们会顺着你的胃蠕动，那就太酷了。”）可知，第四段仍然在表达这样的观点，即同时体验乐观情绪可以更好的了解悲观情绪，也就是这个人的观点和第三段的观点是相似的。故选C。

15．

细节理解题。根据文章第五段第三行...took a few questionnaires that were meant to assess their overall health。（他们做了一些问卷来评估他们的整体健康状况。）可知，调查问卷的目的是对健康做一个综合的评估。故选A。

【点睛】

文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。例如，文章第1小题和第4小题都属于语言转述型细节题。

16．B

17．F

18．E

19．G

20．D

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。本文用明快的语调为自行车初学者提供了与骑行与自行车相关的信息与建议。

16．

设空处为段落主题句。根据下文内容有“Your seat might be too low”和“if their feet can reach

the ground”出现，表明调节座椅高度对于骑行有很大关系。故此段的标题应为调节好座椅高度。B项：Set your seat height right（把你的座位定好）符合语境。故选B。

17．

本段的主题句是Get a bike fit下文中同时出现了“height”和“reach”两个关键词作为此句的中心，并且分别对其进行了相应的解释，可知同时包含着两个元素的选项为F选项。F项：To get the right fit, two elements are key: seat height and reach（要想达到合适的舒适度，两个因素是关键:座椅高度和座椅长度）符合语境。故选F。

18．

根据上文“too long, and your back will be sore reaching for the handlebars”，可知后面是对前句进行的补充说明，补充的是与之相反的情况，即too short时的情况。E项：Too short,and your knees will be too close to your arms（太短，你的膝盖会太靠近你的手臂）符合语境。故选E。19．

本段的标题是Avoid doing too much too soon.G 与此段标题呼应，可知此段是在告诫骑行者不能贪快，要循序渐进慢慢来才能适应。同样参考后文可知，“similarly,...., don’t start too fast and risk burn-out and fatigue in the second half”可再次佐证。G项：Build up slowly,ease in,and give your body time to.（慢慢来，给你的身体时间慢慢适应）符合语境。故选G。

20．

D 与上文的“group rides have their own rules for riding.”相呼应，可知如果不按照一定的规则来则容易造成混乱，导致车队中的冲撞。也可通过后文的“hang out in the back, observe”再次推断出来。D项：It's easy to cause a crash if your riding isn't predictable（如果你的骑行方式不可预测，很容易造成车祸）符合语境。故选D。

21．A

22．C

23．A

24．B

25．D

26．D

27．B

28．C

29．B

30．A

31．D

32．A

33．C

34．B

35．D

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个人在小时候感受到了别人的善意，从而在长大后自己乐善好施资助球队的故事。

21．

考查名词辨析。句意：46岁的Dana Gendreau是俄亥俄州的一位母亲，她在报纸上读到高中橄榄球运动员在家里没有食物可吃，甚至连一个可以称之为家的地方都没有的情况下，仍然坚持参加比赛。A. field田地，领域；B. chance机会；C. advice建议；D. risk风险。固定搭配take the field表示出阵，出战，由于这里是描述足球队，并且条件艰苦饭都吃不上，因此是尽管没有食物吃，也没有家住，但足球队还是继续出战。故选A。

22．

考查形容词辨析。句意：因为她10岁的儿子也踢足球，她知道适当的营养对于运动员来说是多么重要，所以她决定开始为休斯高中的球员们购买水果和高蛋白零食。A. convenient方便的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. significant重要的，重大的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据常识可知，适当的营养对运动员是重要的，因此是选significant，她明白合适的营养是多么重要…。故选C。

23．

考查动词辨析。句意：她还联系了她儿子青年队的其他父母，看看他们是否愿意加入。A. contacted接触，联系；B. confused困惑；C. conducted执行，实施；D. convinced使相信。从also可知，这里是承接上文她自己捐款，因此是她联系别的父母看她们是否想加入（这场捐款），因此是联系contact。故选A。

24．

考查动词短语辨析。句意：她还联系了她儿子青年队的其他父母，看看他们是否愿意加入。

A. hang around徘徊，闲荡；

B. join in参加；

C. show off炫耀；

D. bring up抚养。根据other parents on her son's youth football team可知，这里是承接上文她自己捐款，因此是她联系别的父母看她们是否想加入（这场捐款），固定搭配join in表示加入。故选B。

25．

考查形容词辨析。句意：反响热烈。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. integrated完全的，综合的；C. skeptical怀疑的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后一句话Gendreau和别的父母一起提供了捐款可知，这里回应是热烈的。故选D。

26．

考查名词辨析。句意：在Gendreau开始组织捐款后不久，高中队就开始赢得比赛——莫布里的这一点要归功于Gendreau的慷慨。A. institutions机构；B. conferences研讨会，会议；

C. investigations调查；

D. donations捐赠。这里指代上文的$500 of groceries，因此选donations，组织这场捐款。故选D。

27．

考查动词辨析。句意：在Gendreau开始组织捐款后不久，高中队就开始赢得比赛——莫布里的这一点要归功于Gendreau的慷慨。A. casts投掷；B. owes欠，归因于；C. devotes奉献，投入；D. points指向。根据Gendreau' s generosity.可知，固定搭配owe sth to sth表某事归功于某物，Mobley将训练充满活力这件事归功于Gendreau的慷慨。故选B。

28．

考查名词辨析。句意：“现在的训练充满了活力，”莫布里说。A. variety多样性，品种；

B. peace和平；

C. energy精力；

D. regret后悔。根据前面Gendreau慷慨解囊可知，这里应该是训练变得充满活力，也照应后面这是reflection of Gendreau。故选C。

29．

考查形容词辨析。句意：但Gendreau仍然很谦虚，她说，这只是她的回报方式。A. optimistic 乐观的；B. modest谦虚的；C. careful小心的；D. reliable可靠的，可信赖的。根据前面教练Mobley赞扬了Gendreau，然后该句话but转折可知，这里是她仍然保持谦虚。

故选B。

30．

考查动词辨析。句意：当她很小的时候，她自己也经历过无家可归，但是她的教练的一个善良的举动转移了她的注意力。A. experienced体验，经历；B. discovered发现；C. misunderstood 误解；D. predicted预测。根据后面但是她的教练转移了她的焦点可知，这里是当她小的时

候，她自己经历过无家可归。故选A。

31．

考查形容词辨析。句意：当她很小的时候，她自己也经历过无家可归，但是她的教练的一个善良的举动转移了她的注意力。A. painful痛苦的；B. brave勇敢的；C. awkward糟糕的；D. kind善良的。根据下一行教练给了圣诞礼物的钱可知，这是一个善良的举动，因此是kind。故选D。

32．

考查动词辨析。句意：她说:“我记得我的一位教练给了我一笔买圣诞礼物的钱，这样我就可以买一双运动鞋了。”A. purchase购买；B. award奖励；C. promise承诺；D. deliver递送。根据I remember one of my coaches gave me a Christmas gift of money可知，教练给了钱，因此这里是我能买鞋，用purchase。故选A。

33．

考查动词辨析。句意：她对我的仁慈从未离开我。A. touched触碰；B. warned警告；C. left 离开；D. charged收费，要价。that指代教练给Gendreau的善意，因此这里是那份善良从未离开我，即我从未忘记那份善良，用leave。故选C。

34．

考查动词辨析。句意：我知道无论我的生活发生了什么，我都要帮助别人。A. failed失败；

B. happened发生；

C. rested休息；

D. wandered漫游。根据后半句可知，这里是不论我的生活中发生了什么，我都要去帮助别人。故选B。

35．

考查动词辨析。句意：Gendreau最终希望这个故事能激励其他人去满足自己社区的需求。

A. force强迫；

B. advise建议；

C. discourage使泄气；

D. stimulate激发，刺激。Gendreau是受了自己教练的启发而想要帮助别人，因此这里是她希望这个故事能激励他人去满足自己社区中的需要，即帮助社区中有需要的人，用stimulate。故选D。

36．how

37．security

38．be confused

39．they

40．or

41．which

42．searching

43．to get

44．are

45．basically

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么松鼠喜欢呆在树上，而花栗鼠喜欢呆在地面上这一自然现象。

36．

考查名词性从句连接词。句意：答案与花栗鼠和松鼠如何过冬有很大关系。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”应用how。故填how。

37．

考查名词。句意：这显然是一只神经紧张的花栗鼠陷入一种麻木状态所需要的那种安全感。根据上文the kind of可知应填名词security，表示“安全感”。故填security。

38．

考查固定短语。句意：不要把它和冬眠混淆了，麻木状态更像是极端的懒惰。结合句意表示“与……混淆”短语为be confused with。不定式后用动词原形，故填be confused。

39．

考查代词。句意：相反，他们会在脸颊上塞满坚果，蜷缩成一个小球，降低体温，甚至心率。此处指代chipmunks，作主语，应用代词they。故填they。

40．

考查连词。句意：另一方面，树松鼠不冬眠，或是陷入任何其他类型的麻木状态。此处为否定句，表示“或者”应用连词or。故填or。

41．

考查定语从句。句意：相反，正如谈话中提到的，它们会在相对安全的树木中闲逛，而这些树木恰好也是它们的储藏室。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词trees，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。42．

考查非谓语动词。句意：你可能已经注意到树松鼠在秋天是多么的忙碌，寻找每一个能找到的种子和坚果，并为它们的树上家园储存足够的食物来度过冬天。分析句子结构可知search