新概念英语2 Lesson 59 In or out

§Lesson 59 In or out? 进来还是出去?

一课文

1.bark v 狗叫

the dog is barking

som ebody is barking某人在咆哮

2. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.

Would表示过去的习惯性动作，在一般过去时的句子中经常与“ever time”连用：

a. Every time we met, we would talk for a while.

b. Every time he cam e to the restaurant, he would first ask for a cup of tea.

3. ★complain英音：[k?m'plein] 美音：[k?m'plen]

不及物动词vi.

(1)抱怨,发牢骚;诉说(病痛等)[(+to/about/of)]

a. I've really got nothing to complain of.

我确实没有什么可抱怨的。

b. He complained to me about the food.

他向我抱怨伙食不佳。

(2)控诉,投诉[(+to/about/of)]

He complained to the police of the boys stealing his apples.

他向警方控告那些男孩偷他的苹果。

及物动词vt.

抱怨;控诉[Y][+that]

He complained that the exam was too hard.

4. …,my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in.

(1) spend on + 名词；spend in + 动名词(doing)，口语中in常常省略。

a. Why don’t you spend more time on studies?

b. I spent two weeks (in) reading this book.

(2) paw 脚爪

a. cat's paw被人所利用的人(由寓言而来)

b. I don't want to be a cat's paw我才不想被人利用

(3) train的宾语是him，to press…是宾语补足语，to let…为目的状语。

5.★press

(1)vt.,vi. 按，挤，压：

a. She pressed my hand warmly.

她热情地握住我的手。

b. Can you press that button for me please?

c. The dog pressed his paw on the latch to let himself in.

(2)vt. 挤取，榨取（……的汁）：

a. Thin is the time of the year when they press their grapes.

b. If you prefer juice, you can press some oranges.

(3)vt. 催促，敦促，极力劝说：

a. My parents pressed me to enter for the competition.

我父母竭力劝我报名参加这个比赛。

b. I don’t like to be pressed.

6. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.

expert at doing sth, 表示“做/干……的专家”;

expert in/on, 表示在某一领域是专家、权威：

a. John is an expert at driving a car.

b. She is an expert in flowers.

c. Sam is an expert on that problem.

7. ★develop vt., vi.

(1)发展，扩展：

a. The village has developed into a town now.

b. Do you believe that you can develop your mind through watching TV?

c. It’s Hard to develop your business in this city.

(2)（逐渐）显现出，产生，获得，养成：

a. He has developed another bad habit.

b. She developed an interest in swimming.

(3)develop the film冲洗胶卷

8.★habit n 习惯(指个人习惯)

custom : 风俗, 习俗/ customs海关/ customer顾客

9.★remove 英音：[ri'mu:v] 美音：[r?'muv]

及物动词vt.

(1)移动,搬开;调动[(+from/to)]

a. Students removed several desks to another classroom.

学生们把几张书桌搬到另外一间教室。

b. She removed the painting to another wall.

她把画搬到另一面墙上。

(2) 脱掉;去掉,消除[(+from)]

She saw he had removed his glasses.

她看到他摘下了他的眼镜。

(3)使离去;把...免职;撤去[(+from)]

a. He was r emoved from the post.

他被解雇了。

b. The corrupt official was removed from office.

这个贪官被罢了职。(corrupt腐败的, 贪污的)

不及物动词vi.

(1)迁移,搬家[(+from/to)]

The manager's office has removed to another building.

经理的办公室已搬到另外一幢大楼里。

名词n. [C]

(1)距离,间隔;一步之差[(+from)]

Your action seems several removes from reality.

你的行动似乎有些脱离实际。

(2) 移动;迁移,搬家

二语法：

1. 复习50~58课

a.——He’s having lunch, isn’t he?

——Yes, he always has lunch at this time of the day.

b.——She’s reading a book, isn’t she?

——Yes, she’s been reading the book all morning.

c.——I was told that ships were built here.(被动表示说话谨慎；过去时表示不知现在是否仍造船) ——They used to be built here, but they aren’t any more.（used to 表示过去有过但现在已终止的状态，强调过去与现在的对照，不能用would代替）

d.——You’ve taken your time! What on earth have you been doing?

（你可真够慢的！你到底一直在干什么？on earth表强调）

——I’m sorry. We got caught in a storm. （口语中，get + done相当于被动语态）

2. 表示目的的几种方式：to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that

(1)带to的不定式及其变体in order to和so as to:

a. I went to live in France to/in order to/so as to learn Franch.

b. I went to France not to study French, but to study chemics. (表取舍)

c. I shut the door quietly, so as not to wake the baby. (“以防止…”)

I shut the door quietly, in order not to wake the baby.

在bring, buy, need, take, use, want等动词后常用“宾语+ to”而不用“宾语+ in order to/so as to”:

a.I want something to drink.(不能说：I want something in order to drink.)

b.I need a spoon to eat this ice cream with.

c.Bring me a chair to sit on.

(2)连词so that , in order that 可以引导目的状语从句。当主句用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般将来时的时候，so that 和in order that 后面可跟may, can或will。so that 比in order that更普遍: a. I’ve arrived early so that I may get the tickets.

当主句为一般过去时、过去进行时或过去完成时的时候，so that和in order that后面跟should, could, might或would:

b. I arrived early in order that I could get the tickets.

c. I arrived early in order that I might not miss anything.(否定句中不可用could, 可用should,

would等)

(3)相比之下，带to, so as to, in order to 的结构比带that的结构要简单、自然，所以很多人使用：

a. I arrived early so as not to miss anything.

I arrived early so that I won’t miss any thing.

Reading

Scientists are uncovering the secrets of two port cities lost under the waters of the Mediterranean Sea, a researcher said yesterday.

Herakleion and Menouthis were rich and proud cities until something reduced them to rubble (碎石) and buried them in the mud beneath 30 feet of sea water, French underwater explorer Franck Goddio said at the American Geophysical Union conference.

“This is a mystery that is ongoing,” said Goddio, a founder of the European Institute of Marine Archeology, a Paris-based underwater research organization backed by the wealthy Hilti Foundation of Liechtenstein(列支敦士登基金会).

The destruction of the twin port cities has haunted Goddio ever since he happened upon the site about 15 miles from Alexandria while exploring sunken ships from Napoleon’s fleet.

Goddio and his group of expert divers, marine archeologists(海洋考古学家) and others, are using high powered vacuums, satellite navigation systems and sophisticated sonar(声纳) to excavate(挖掘) the sunken cities from underneath a carpet of silt about one meter (three feet) high.

Walls of shops, remains of streets and gold artifacts have been found and recovered.

Some experts believe that the port cities were destroyed by a series of massive earthquakes, much like the quakes scientists believe felled Troy(特洛伊城), Jericho and other ancient cities. The uniform direction of the collapsed columns and walls suggest an earthquake, Goddio said, but no fault lines have been found nearby.

Other researchers believe a massive wave, caused by either an offshore earthquake or a distant underwater landslide, could explain the catastrophe. Still others think rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities.

“The argument, as you can see, continues,” Goddio said.

1. The reason why the two port cities disappeared under the waters of Mediterranean Sea is that ______.

A. the two port cities were destroyed by huge earthquakes

B. the disappearance of the two port cities was caused by underwater landslide

C. rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities

D. the story didn’t tell us at all

2. From the story we can draw a conclusion that _______.

A. the two port cities were famous for their wealth and the mystery

B. the two cities belonged to France

C. some mysterious creatures from other planets destroyed the two cities

D. the American Geophysical Union conference was once held in one of the two cities

3. This article is probably from _______.

A. a scientific magazine

B. a report to the government

C. a school text book

D. a scientific report in a newspaper

【答案解析】

本文报道了人们对法国地中海中的两座城市沉如海底的各种推测。

1. D。推断题。文章只对城市下沉的原因作了一些推测但未作出结论。由此可推知此题答案为D。

2. B。推断题。根据文章中所提到的与之相关的名称，如：French underwater explorer Franck Goddio, a Paris-based underwater research organization, Napoleon’s fleet可推知此题答案为B。

3. D。推断题。文章讨论地中海中的两座城市下沉的原因，显然与地质科学有关，故选D。注意不宜选A，一个显然的因素是第1段中出现的yesterday。