最新英语语法填空专项习题及答案解析

最新英语语法填空专项习题及答案解析

一、高中英语语法填空

1.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects ________ she describes as "vital data, to save life and property."

When winds pick up, ________(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin and ________(she) flight team spring into action.

They use instruments called dropsondes, which ________(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10,000-foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and ________(direct) of the wind.

On an eight-hour flight, Martin's team ________(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm ________ the other, trying to cover as much ground as possible. They head for the center (or eye) of the storm, ________ there's no wind, and also search for the strongest winds, to help people on the coast prepare for what's coming. Sometimes, they will use an unmanned aircraft ________ (gather) data closer to the ocean's surface.

Though these flights can be long,________(tire) and often last several days in a row, Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every day.

【答案】 what;spinning;her;are set;direction;typically;to;where;to gather;tiring 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Cathy Martin 以及她的团队是如何收集数据预测飓风的。

(1)考查宾语从句。句意:每年有六个月的时间,她是一个团队的成员,这个团队收集她所说的“重要数据,以拯救生命和财产”。本句为宾语从句,因为从句中缺少宾语,指代事物,故填what。

(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:当风力增强,向加勒比海和美国海岸线旋转时,马丁和她的飞行团队立即行动起来。spin与逻辑主语wind是主动关系,故填现在分词作状语,故填spinning。

(3)考查代词。修饰名词flight team使用形容词性物主代词,故填her。

(4)考查时态语态。句意:他们使用一种叫做下投式探空仪的仪器,这种仪器从飞机后部的管子中释放出来。主语是dropsondes与谓语动词构成被动关系,结合上下文使用一般现在时,主语为复数名词,故填are set。

(5)考查名词。句意:当探空仪降落在10000英尺的海面上时,它会发出有关空气温度、压力、湿度以及风速和风向的信息。根据上文名词并列结构the speed and可知,应填名词,故填direction。

(6)考查副词。句意:在8小时的飞行中,马丁的团队从风暴的一边飞到另一边时,通常会放下15到20个探空仪,试图覆盖尽可能多的地面。修饰动词drop应用副词,故填typically。

(7)考查介词。from…to…固定短语,“从……到……”,故填to。

(8)考查定语从句。句意:他们前往风暴中心(或风眼),那里没有风,也寻找最强的风,

帮助沿海地区的人们为即将到来的风暴做好准备。本句为定语从句修饰先行词center,且在定语从句中作地点状语,故填关系副词where。

(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:有时,他们会使用无人驾驶飞机收集更接近海洋表面的数据。本句为不定式to do作目的状语,故填to gather。

(10)考查形容词。句意:虽然这些飞行时间很长,也很累,而且常常会持续好几天,但马丁喜欢她的工作,希望她能每天都飞。根据上文系动词be可知,应填形容词作表语,修饰物,故填tiring。

【点评】本题考点涉及宾语从句,非谓语动词,代词,时态语态,名词,副词,定语从句以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

2.语法填空

As kids reach adolescence, they often face increasing workloads and responsibilities but school still starts early. As a result, it ________ (report) that 80 to 90 percent of teens don't get enough sleep. This sleep ________ (lose) causes kids to suffer mentally and physically. But too much sleep also has its problems. According to Andrew Fuligni, a sleep doctor in a famous hospital, ________ studies the mental health of adolescents, sleeping less than eight hours ________ more, than ten can make teenagers fed worse the next day.

________ (help) teens get enough sleep, some schools have already made school start later. They have found that the later times let kids sleep more. They also have seen ________ (high) test scores and better graduation rates. However, this isn't enough. Meanwhile, teenagers have to help ________ (they). Fuligni suggests teens sleep for 10 hours each night for a week or two. This will help them figure ________ how much sleep they require to fed their best. However, sleeping more on weekends ________(be) not a good idea to compensate for missing sleep during the week. Fuligni warns that getting different ________(amount)of sleep each, night can be had for mental health.

【答案】 is reported;loss;who;or;To help;higher;themselves;out;is;amounts 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了关于青少年的睡眠问题。睡眠在青少年的成长中很重要。随着孩子们进入青春期,他们经常面临越来越多的工作负担和责任,但学校仍然很早就开始上课。结果是,有80%到90%的青少年没有得到足够的睡眠。

(1)考查时态语态。结果是,有80%到90%的青少年没有得到足够的睡眠。It is reported that...,固定句式,“据报道.....”,故填is reported。

(2)考查名词。这种睡眠不足会让孩子们在精神上和身体上遭受痛苦。句子缺少主语,所以此处应该用名词形式做主语,故填loss。

(3)考查定语从句。此处a sleep doctor是先行词,指人,后面的非限制性定语从句缺少主语和先行词,故填who。

(4)考查连词。一家著名医院的睡眠医生,他研究青少年的心理健康,睡眠时间少于8小时甚至超过10小时,这可能会让青少年第二天的情况变得更糟。or more或更多,故填or。

(5)考查非谓语动词。为了帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠,一些学校已经开始了学校的开学,帮助青少年获得充足的睡眠,一些学校已经在晚些时候开始上课。此处是动词不定式做目的状语。故填To help。

(6)考查形容词。他们也看到了更高的考试成绩和更好的毕业率。根据后面的better,可知此空用比较级,故填higher。

(7)考查代词。与此同时,青少年不得不帮助他们自己。结合句意,用反身代词,故填themselves。

(8)考查副词。这将帮助他们计算出他们需要多少睡眠才使他们得到最好的睡眠。figure out固定短语,“明白,理解,计算出”,故填out。

(9)考查时态。为了弥补一周的睡眠不足在周末睡得更多不是一个好主意。此处是动名词短语作主语,文章讲的是日常情况,所以句子用一般现在时态,故填is。

(10)考查名词。根据different可知后面的名词用复数形式,故填amounts。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,名词,定语从句,连词,非谓语动词,形容词,代词,副词,时态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

3.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Boat Building is a long-winded and time-consuming business, even when ________ is going down the slipway is a small craft ________(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass. Construct a mould(模具). Build up layers of resin(树脂) and glass fibre inside that mould. Extract the completed structure and finish it. All told, it can take months. That, ________, may soon change. For researchers at the University of Maine are now in ________process of testing an 8-metre (25-foot) patrol boat that took just 72 hours to make from scratch. Their trick was to build the boat ________(use) a giant 3D printer.

Since they appeared in ________(commerce) form in the 1990s, generally 3D printers ________ (employ) in factories to make small things like components of jet-engines and dental crowns(牙冠). Now, a new generation of outsize printers is arriving. These are capable ________turning out much bigger objects than previously possible, and printing them faster.

To print the patrol boat, part of an American army project, the team in Maine linked up with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Tennessee, which helped ________ (develop) the printing process, and Ingersoll Machine Tools, in Illinois, which built the printer itself. The university estimates that for boat building, a common trade in the state, large 3D printers of this sort will ________(dramatic) cut the cost and time required to produce new ships.

【答案】what;made;though/however;the;using;commercial;have been employed;of;develop / to develop;dramatically

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了大型3D打印机可用来制造船舶。

(1)考查主语从句。句意:造船是一个漫长而枯燥的过程,即使最终从造船台上滑下来的只是一艘用玻璃纤维等现代材料制造的小船,而非用木板钉成的传统船只。______ is going down the slipway是when引导的时间状语从句中的主语从句,主语从句缺少主语,

在此表示的事物,故填what。

(2)考查非谓语动词。此处表示用玻璃纤维等现代材料制造的小船。______(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass用来修饰craft,作定语,craft与make是被动关系,所以用过去分词,故填made。

(3)考查副词。句意:不过,现状可能马上会发生改变。根据前后文语境可知此处表示之前制作大约需要好几月的实践,而这一切随着3D打印的使用可能要发生改变。所以表示转折关系,故填however/though。

(4)考查冠词。句意:缅因大学的研究者正在测试一条8 米长的巡逻艇,它的建造过程只花了 72 小时。in the process of…固定短语,“在......过程中”,故填the。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:他们的秘密武器,是使用一台大型的 3D 打印机来造船。分析句子结构可知此句有谓语动词was,所以use 要使用非谓语,再根据their trick可知使用者是人,所以人与use是主动关系,所以用现在分词,故填using。

(6)考查形容词。句意:自从他们在20世纪90年代以商业形式出现以来,他们一直被用于工厂制作小的飞机零部件和牙冠。此处修饰form名词,要用形容词,故填commercial。

(7)考查时态语态。根据时间状语since,可知主句用现在完成时,再根据3D打印机与employ之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,再根据主谓一致。可知填用have been employed。

(8)考查固定短语。句意:这些打印机能够制造出比以前更大的物体,并且打印速度更快。be capable of固定短语,“能够”,故填of。

(9)考查非谓语动词。help to do/ help do固定短语,“帮助做某事”,故填to develop/ develop。

(10)考查副词。句意:该大学估计,对于该州常见的行业——造船来说,这种大型3D 打印机将大幅削减生产新船所需的成本和时间。此处修饰动词cut,要用副词,故填dramatically。

【点评】本题考点涉及主语从句,非谓语动词,副词,冠词,形容词,时态语态以及副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather ball. It is considered by FIFA as the ________ (early ) form of football. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of Cuju ________ (spread) from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. It ________ (say) that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport. Cuju ________ (match) were often held inside the imperial palace.

Cuju was further developed ________. the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of well-organized Cuju leagues in Chang'an. ________ was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. ________ was also during this age that similar games were being played in Korea and Japan, and ________ (gradual) worldwide.

Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, ________ (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a ________ (live) as Cuju players.

【答案】earliest;spread;is/was said;matches;in/during;which;It;gradually;professional;living

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了足球的历史。蹴鞠大约是在公元前500年在中国发展起来的,当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。汉代,蹴鞠的普及从军队传到宫廷和上层社会。据说南武帝很喜欢这项运动。蹴鞠比赛常在皇宫内举行。唐代得到进一步发展,并逐渐在世界范围内流行。宋代的蹴鞠运动最为发达。

(1)考查形容词。句意:公元前500年左右,中国发明了蹴鞠,当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。根据语境可知,此处是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式,故要用最高级,填earliest。

(2)考查时态。句意:汉代,蹴鞠的流行从军队传播到宫廷和上层社会。分析句子可知,本空是谓语动词,其中的主语是蹴鞠,与动词spread二者是主动关系,此处的时间状语是“汉代”,要用一般过去时,故填spread。

(3)考查时态语态。句意:据说南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动。根据语境可知,“南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动”,既可以是现在大家说的,也可以是过去说的,所以既可用一般现在时,又可以用一般过去时。此处是主语从句,其中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that从句。主语从句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”与动词said是被动关系,是被说,因此要用被动语态。故填is/was said。

(4)考查名词。句意:蹴鞠比赛常在故宫内举行。根据本句国的副词“often”可知“蹴鞠比赛”不指一次,有许多次,可数名词match要用复数形式,故填matches。

(5)考查介词。句意:蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。根据语境可指蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。此时可用“in/during”,故填in/during 。

(6)考查定语从句。句意:在当时的帝国首都长安,有几十个组织良好的蹴鞠联盟。分析句子可知,本句是定语从句,其中的Chang'an是先行词,在定语从句中做主语,非限制性定语从句中做主语,指物,要用which,故填which。

(7)考查强调句型。句意:在这个时代,韩国和日本也有类似的游戏。分析句子可知,

本句是强调句型“it is/was + 被强调部分+that +剩余部分”,句强调了时间状语during this age,去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填It。

(8)考查副词。句意:也就是在这个时期,类似的游戏在韩国和日本开始流行,并逐渐在世界范围内流行。空格处在句中修饰副词worldwide,修饰副词要用副词,故填gradually。

(9)考查形容词。句意:当时,职业的蹴鞠运动员颇受欢迎。分析句子可知,本空格在句中作定语,修饰名词Cuju players,修饰名词要用形容词,故填professional。

(10)考查固定搭配。句意:一组是由皇家宫廷训练和表演的,另一组是以蹴鞠为生的有才华的平民运动员。make a living,固定短语,“以......为生”。故填living。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,时态语态,名词,介词,定语从句,强调句,副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

5.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内的单词的正确形式。

The Duanwu Festival, known as the Dragon Boat Festival, ________ (found) in memory of Qu Yuan, ________ was a scholar and minister of the state of Chu during the Warring States period (475-221BC). The festival date is on the ________ (five) day of May on the Chinese lunar calendar. Traditional celebrations of the Dragon Boat Festival include ________ (eat) zongzi, drinking wine and racing dragon boats. You don't have to live in China long to know the ________ (country) most popular foods with good stories behind them. That's ________ (particular) true of zongzi, which have been connected ________ the Dragon Boat Festival for more than a thousand years.

Zongzi, rice dumplings wrapped in ________ (leaf), remain with us today as the traditional way ________ (celebrate) the Dragon Boat Festival. In general, northern Chinese prefer sweet versions of these steamed treats while southerners like ________ (salt) tastes. In the north, some zongzi are plain, to be dipped into sugar. In the south, however, creative locals over centuries have added ham chestnuts and mushrooms into zongzi.

【答案】was founded;who;fifth;eating;country's;particularly;with;leaves;to celebrate;salty

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了端午节的来历和传统。

(1)考查时态语态。句意:端午节是为了纪念屈原而设立的。主语“The Duanwu Festival”承受“found”的动作,句子应该使用被动语态,设立端午节的事情发生在过去,时态为一般过去时。故填was founded。

(2)考查定语从句。句意:屈原是战国时期楚国的学者和大臣。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是QuYuan,在从句中作主语,应使用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。

(3)考查数词。句意:端午节是在中国农历五月份的第五天。此处需填入序数词表示端午节的日期,five的序数词是fifth。故填fifth。

(4)考查非谓语动词。句意:端午节的传统庆祝活动包括吃粽子,饮酒和赛龙舟。

include是及物动词,动名词在其后作宾语。故填eating。

(5)考查名词。句意:您不必在中国居住很久就可以了解这个国家最受欢迎的食物以及它们背后的经典故事。根据句意,表示“这个国家的食物”,应该使用名词的所有格形式。故填country's。

(6)考查副词。句意:对于粽子来说尤其如此,它与端午节的故事已有千余年的历史了。副词修饰形容词true作状语。故填particularly。

(7)考查介词。句意:对于粽子来说尤其如此,它与端午节的故事已有千余年的历史了。be connected with固定短语,“与……有关”,故填with。

(8)考查名词。句意:粽子,是将糯米由粽叶包裹。leaf是粽叶,此处为可数名词,应使用复数形式。故填leaves。

(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:今天吃粽子仍然是我们庆祝端午节的传统方式。the way to do sth固定短语,“做.......的方式”,故填to celebrate。

(10)考查形容词。句意:大体上说,北方人更喜欢带有甜味的粽子而南方人喜欢咸味的粽子。形容词修饰tastes作定语。故填salty。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,定语从句,数词,非谓语动词,名词,副词,介词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

6.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. When he ________(ask) why he was able to succeed, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with ________ mother when he was about two years old. "I was trying to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk! I got ________ (frighten) and I didn't know what to do!" he said.

Instead of ________(punish) him, his mother asked him to play in the milk for a while. Then she said, " You know, we failed in how to ________(successful) carry a big milk bottle with two tiny ________(hand) just now. Let's go out in the yard and fill the bottle ________ water to see if you can discover a way to carry it."

This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he ________(know) he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes ________ were actually opportunities for learning something new. Even if the experiment "doesn't work", we usually learn something ________(value) from it

【答案】was asked;his;frightened;punishing;successfully;hands;with;knew;which/that;valuable

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,一位著名科学家和大家分享了他成功的一个小故事:小时候,有一次他把牛奶洒在了地板上。母亲非但没有批评他,反而让他玩了一会儿。通过这次经历,科学家明白了一个道理:犯错其实是学习新东西的机会。即使实验"不成功",我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的东西。

(1)考查时态语态。句意:当他被问到为什么他能够成功的时候,他给出了答案。主语he和ask之间是被动关系,该句应用被动语态。且根据主语中的gave可知,该句应用一般过去时态。故填was asked。

(2)考查代词。根据下文他的讲述内容可知,他谈论的是自己的妈妈对自己的影响。且该空修饰名词mother,应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。

(3)考查形容词。句意:我很害怕,我不知道该做些什么。get是系动词,后面接形容词作表语。且此处表示人的情绪,应用frightened。故填frightened。

(4)考查非谓语动词。该空作介词of的宾语,应用动名词,故填punishing。

(5)考查副词。句意:刚才我们没能成功地用两只小手拎起一个大牛奶瓶。该空修饰动词carry,应用副词。故填successfully。

(6)考查名词。空前有two修饰,应用名词复数。故填hands。

(7)考查介词。句意:我们到院子里去,把瓶子装满水,看看你能不能想个办法把它搬过来。该题考查fill sth. with sth.,固定短语,"用……装满……",故填with。

(8)考查时态。句意:这位著名的科学家接着说,就在那一刻,他知道他不需要害怕犯错,错误其实是学习新东西的机会。该空在句中作谓语,且根据上下文可知,这是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时态。故填knew。

(9)考查定语从句。"_______ were actually opportunities for learning something new"是定语从句,修饰mistakes,引导词在从句中作主语,指物,应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。

(10)考查形容词。句意:我们通常从中学到一些有价值的东西。该空修饰不定代词,应用形容词,故填valuable。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,代词,形容词,非谓语动词,副词,名词,介词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

7.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jackie Robinson made his debut (初次露面) with the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15,1947, and broke the color barrier ________African Americans in baseball.

"It was the most ________ (eager) expected debut in the history of the national pastime," sports author Robert wrote. "It ________(represent) both the dream and the fear of equal opportunity, ________ it would change forever the color of the game and the attitudes of Americans."

________quietly tolerating harsh racist treatment from baseball fans and team members________(like), Robinson rose to Rookie of the Year and proved himself to be one of the most________(talent) and fiercest players in the game. Just two years into the Major Leagues, Robinson won the National League Most Valuable Player Award. He'd go on to play in six World Series and helped give the Dodgers ________ World Series win in 1955.

Off the field, Robinson was a forefather of the Civil Rights Movement, speaking out against ________ (race) discrimination and ________ (push) baseball to use its economic influence to

fight against racialism.

【答案】 for;eagerly;represented;and;After;alike;talented;a;racial;pushing

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相,并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。

(1)考查介词。句意:杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相,并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。表示“为……”,所以填for。

(2)考查副词。句意:这是这项全国性运动历史上最受期待的首次亮相。该空修饰形容词expected,用副词,所以填eagerly。

(3)考查时态。句意:它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧,它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以填represented。

(4)考查连词。句意:它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧,它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示并列关系,所以填and。

(5)考查连词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。根据句意文中表示“在……之后”,句子第一个单词的首字母大写,所以填After。

(6)考查副词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。表示“两者都,同样地”,所以填alike。

(7)考查形容词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。该空修饰名词players,用形容词,所以填talented。

(8)考查冠词。句意:他后来参加了六次世界大赛,并帮助道奇队在1955年赢得了一次世界大赛。文中泛指“一次世界大赛”,World的首字母发音是辅音,所以填不定冠词a。(9)考查形容词。句意:在球场之外,罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖,公开反对种族歧视,推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。该空修饰名词discrimination,用形容词,所以填racial。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:在球场之外,罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖,公开反对种族歧视,推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。介词against之后,用v+ing形式,所以填pushing。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词,副词,时态,连词,形容词,冠词,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

8.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

In South Korea smartphone cases come with rings fixed on the back ________ (prevent) clumsy owners from dropping them. This makes people look like they are married to their phones. In lots of Seoul's coffee ________ (shop), couples on dates spend much more time looking at their screens ________ at each other. The results go beyond the ________ (potential) terrible consequences for romance.

Walk around the streets of Seoul, and there is ________ real risk of bumping into people

________ eyes are glued to their smartphone screens. According to the statistics, around 370 traffic accidents annually ________ (cause) by pedestrians using smartphones.

The government initially tried to fight the "smombie" (手机僵尸) phenomenon by distributing hundreds of stickers (贴纸) around cities, ________ (beg) people to "be safe" and look up. This seems to have had little effect even though, in Seoul at least, it recently replaced the stickers with stronger plastic boards.

Instead ________ appealing to people's good sense, the authorities have therefore turned to trying to save them from being run over. Early last year, they ________ (begin) to test floor-level traffic lights in smombie hotspots in central Seoul. Since then, the experiment has been extended around and beyond the capital. For the moment, the government is keeping old-fashioned eye-level pedestrian lights as well. But in future, the way to look at a South Korea crossroads may be down.

【答案】to prevent;shops;than;potentially;a;whose;are caused;begging;of;began

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了韩国人的手机依赖症以及政府对这一现象已经采取的一些措施。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:在韩国,智能手机外壳背面装有指环,以防止手机从笨拙的用户手中脱落。这句话中谓语动词为come with,所以空格处填非谓语动词。这里用来表达手机外壳装有指环的目的,故用不定式做目的状语,填to prevent。

(2)考查名词。句意:在首尔的很多咖啡店里,情侣看手机的时间远远超过看约会对象的时间。空格前有lots of与名词所有格修饰,所以空格处应填名词。shop为可数名词,lots of修饰名词时,应用名词的复数形式。故填shops。

(3)考查连词。句意:在首尔的很多咖啡店里,情侣看手机的时间远远超过看约会对象的时间。由much more time可知,这是一个比较句式。故填than。

(4)考查副词。句意:这一行为除了可能会破坏浪漫气氛,还有其他后果。空格位于形容词前,需用副词修饰。故填potentially。

(5)考查冠词。句意:走在首尔的街头上,你很有可能会撞到其他人,因为他们的注意力都在手机屏幕上了。空格后的名词risk为单数形式,所以空格处应填冠词。real是以辅音音素开始的,故填a。

(6)考查定语从句。句意:走在首尔的街头上,你很有可能会撞到其他人,因为他们的注意力都在手机屏幕上了。这是一个定语从句,先行词为people,指人,且在从句中作eyes的定语,所以选用关系词whose,故填whose。

(7)考查时态语态与主谓一致。句意:据统计,每年大约370例交通事故是由用手机的行人引起的。这句话缺少谓语,由annually可知,这句话使用一般现在时。主语traffic accidents与cause之间是被动关系,所以使用被动语态。且由于主语traffic accidents是复数形式,所以谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are caused。

(8)考查非谓语动词。句意:政府最初试图通过在城市中分发数百个贴纸来恳求人们“注意安全”并抬头看,以此来应对“手机僵尸”现象。这句话的谓语动词为tried to,所以空格处填非谓语动词。主语The government与beg之间是主动关系,且分发贴纸与beg这两个动作是同时发生的,所以使用现在分词作状语。故填begging。

(9)考查介词。句意:政府当局没有诉诸于人们抬头看路的良好意识,而是试图挽救他们免于被车辆碾压。空格后为动名词形式,所以空格中填介词。instead of固定短语,“代替; 作为……的替换”,故填of。

(10)考查时态。句意:去年年初,他们开始在首尔市中心的手机僵尸热点区域试点路面交通信号灯。这句话缺少谓语动词,且由early last year可知,这句话应使用一般过去时。故填began。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,名词,连词,副词,冠词,定语从句,时态语态,介词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

9.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Some misunderstanding is putting shark populations at risk now. Thousands of sharks are dying as ________result of people's false beliefs.

Female sharks need males to make babies. Some female sharks have the ability to produce a baby by themselves and have young sharks ________a male shark. That's something ________(common) seen in plants and insects like ants and bees.

Shark fins have medical function. Traditionally, shark fin soup ________(believe) to have health benefits and is quite special in China. ________modern scientists point out that shark tissue (组织)can be extremely high in poison. What's more, shark fishing kills up to 100 million animals each year, ________(endanger) several different species.

If you're bitten by a shark, you will be a goner. You are more than twice as likely ________(die) from a lightning strike as from a shark bite, according to the Florida Museum's International Shark Attack File (ISAF). "Even if you are bitten, the large ________(major) of people survive", says Dr. Chapman. There ________(be) sixty-six unprovoked(无端的)shark bite incidents around the world in 2018, only six of ________were dangerous, according to the ISAF.

【答案】a;without;commonly;is believed;But/Yet;endangering;to die;majority;were;which

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍人们过去对鲨鱼的误解,唤醒人们要有保护动物意识。

(1)考查冠词。句意:由于人们的错误观念,成千上万的鲨鱼正在死亡。as a result of固定短语,“作为……的结果”。故填a。

(2)考查介词。句意:一些雌性鲨鱼有能力自己繁殖后代,并且在没有雄性鲨鱼的情况下产下幼鲨。根据上文Some female sharks have the ability to produce a baby by themselves 可知,此处指“雌性鲨鱼在没有雄性鲨鱼的情况下产下幼鲨”,应使用介词without“没有”。故填without。

(3)考查副词。句意:这种情况在植物和昆虫中很常见,比如蚂蚁和蜜蜂。此处修饰过去分词seen,应使用副词形式。故填commonly。

(4)考查时态语态。句意:传统上,鱼翅汤被认为对健康有益,在中国很特别。believe 与shark fin soup是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态;此处描述的是客观事实,应使用一般

现在时。故填is believed。

(5)考查连词。句意:但现代科学家指出,鲨鱼组织是非常厉害的毒药。根据语境可知,此处前后句是转折关系,应使用转折连词but/yet“但是”。故填But/Yet。

(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:更重要的是,捕捞鲨鱼每年杀死多达1亿只,危及几个不同的物种。“捕捞鲨鱼每年杀死多达1亿只”危及几个不同的物种,endanger的逻辑主语是整个前句描述的内容,此处与前句内容是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词作结果状语。故填endangering。

(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:根据佛罗里达博物馆的国际鲨鱼攻击档案(ISAF),人们死于雷击的可能性是鲨鱼咬的两倍多。be likely to do sth.固定短语,“可能做某事”。故填to die。

(8)考查名词。句意:“即使被咬了,大多数人还是活下来了”,查普曼博士说。根据空前形容词及空后介词of可知,此处使用名词。故填majority。

(9)考查时态。句意:根据国际安全援助部队的数据,2018年全世界共发生了66起无端的鲨鱼咬伤事件,其中只有6起是危险的。根据in 2018可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应使用一般过去时;there be句型主谓一致遵循“就近原则”,由sixty-six unprovoked(无端的)shark bite incidents可知,此处be动词应使用复数形式。故填were。

(10)考查定语从句。句意:根据国际安全援助部队的数据,2018年全世界共发生了66起无端的鲨鱼咬伤事件,其中只有6起是危险的。此处是带有介词的定语从句,先行词是sixty-six unprovoked(无端的)shark bite incidents,关系词在介词之后,应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。

【点评】本题考点涉及冠词,介词,副词,时态语态,连词,名词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

10.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Have you ever wished your vocation could meet all your ________ (expect)? Well, this is possible when you choose ________ (go) on a cruise (游轮). Recently, cruises have become ________ (popular) places than traditional forms of traveling. ________ is not necessary to make reservations at different hotels, find places to dine, or arrange different transports in advance. Everything you can imagine is available whenever you want it on such ________ cruise ship.

Cruise ships are like miniature (小型的) cities on water. They are ________ (full) loaded with restaurants serving all kinds of dishes. The staterooms (特等客舱) can be compared to rooms ________ (find) in five-star hotels. The big difference is ________ you get to have a moving ocean view. What's more, there are activities designed for people of all ages and interests, and ________ (vary) sports facilities like gyms and rock climbing walls as well as clubs and shops are also accessible. Quality entertainments like Broadway shows and live music ________ (provide), too.

【答案】expectations;to go;more popular;It;a;fully;found;that;various/varied;are provided

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了乘船旅行这一旅行方式,已经比传统的旅游方式更受欢迎,以及说明了乘船旅行的优势。

(1)考查名词。句意:你是否曾希望你的假期能满足你所有的期望?根据上文your为形容词性物主代词可知应填名词expectation,且expectation为可数名词,由all修饰应用复数形式,故填expectations。

(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:嗯,当你选择乘船旅行时,这是可能的。choose to do sth.固定短语,“选择做某事”后跟不定式,故填to go。

(3)考查形容词。句意:最近,游轮已经比传统的旅游方式更受欢迎。根据下文“than traditional forms of traveling”可知用形容词比较级,且popular为多音节词,故填more popular。

(4)考查代词。句意:没有必要在不同的酒店预订,找地方吃饭,或提前安排不同的交通工具。此处应用it做形式主语,真正主语为后文的不定式,句式it is not necessary to do sth.“做某事是不必要的”。故填It。

(5)考查冠词。句意:你可以想象的一切都是可用的,只要你想在这样的邮轮上。trip为可数名词,此处泛指“一次游轮之旅”应用不定冠词,且cruise为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。

(6)考查副词。句意:他们满载着供应各种菜肴的餐厅。fully loaded“满载着”,故填fully。

(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:特等房间堪比五星级酒店的客房。分析句子结构可知find 在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语room构成被动关系,故用过去分词。故填found。(8)考查表语从句。句意:最大的不同是你可以看到移动的海景。本句为表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,故用that,填that。

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(10)考查时态语态。句意:高质量的娱乐活动,如百老汇演出和现场音乐也提供。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且结合上文可知时态为一般现在时,主语为entertainments,谓语动词用复数形式。故填are provided。

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高考英语语法填空真题及答案

高考英语语法填空真题及 答案 The document was prepared on January 2, 2021

历年高考语法填空真题 1. (2017全国Ⅰ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 2. (2017全国Ⅱ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.

英语语法填空练习题及答案

英语语法填空练习题及答案 一、高中英语语法填空 1.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 New Year's Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to ________(welcome) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Year's Eve is a ________(nation) holiday for many people around the world. In a lot of countries , people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses________(pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Year's Eve party, ________ is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors. The living room becomes a mini disco as everyone dances________ loud music. I have lots of good ________(memory) of New Year's Eve . I once spent one freezing New Year's Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was ________(bitter) cold . I also spent many wonderful New Year's Eves in Japan. There, it is a tradition________(visit) a shrine(圣坛)and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Year's Eve is always ________exciting day. Maybe the last way to welcome the New Year ________(be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the world's cities. 【答案】 welcoming;national;are packed;which;to;memories;bitterly;to visit;an;is 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,对世界各地的许多人来说,除夕是国家的假日。作者回忆了除夕的许多美好记忆。 (1)考查非谓语动词。句意:这总是一个令人兴奋的时刻,因为人们期待着迎接新的一年。look forward to固定短语,“期待”,to是介词,后面接动名词,所以填welcoming。(2)考查形容词。句意:对世界各地的许多人来说,除夕是国家的假日。该空修饰名词holiday,用形容词,所以填national。 (3)考查时态语态。句意:在很多国家,人们会回老家过年,所以通常火车和公共汽车上都挤满了人。描述经常或反复发生的动作,用一般现在时。"火车和公共汽车"与"挤满"之间是被动关系,用被动语态,所以填are packed。 (4)考查定语从句。句意:在英国,人们通常在某人家里举行新年晚会,邀请朋友、家人和邻居。_________ is usually held at someone's home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors.是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是a New Year's Eve party,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故填which。 (5)考查介词。句意:客厅变成了一个迷你迪斯科舞厅,每个人都随着响亮的音乐跳舞。dance to固定短语,“随着……起舞”,故填to。 (6)考查名词。句意:我对除夕有很多美好的回忆。"美好的回忆"是复数意义,用名词复数,故填memories。 (7)考查副词。句意:天下着雪,冷得刺骨。修饰形容词cold,用副词,故填bitterly。(8)考查非谓语动词。句意:在那里,参拜神社并祈求好运是一种传统。不定式作主语,一般用it作形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置,故填to visit。 (9)考查冠词。句意:我想无论你在哪里,除夕总是一个令人兴奋的日子。泛指"一个令

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