如何确定谓语动词的单复数形式

All the employees except the youngest one _________ work） very hard II注语的“数”决定谓语动词的形式。

2“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）”或“从句”等作主语，用单数谓语形式。e.g.

1The work is important.这项工作重要。

②To serve the country is our duty .为祖国服务是我们的义务。

3 How and why he left was a sad story .他离开的经过和原因是一段伤心的经历。

2.复数的名词、代词一般接复数谓语形式。e.g.

1 The children are taken good care of.孩子们得到很好的照料。

②They have gone to Chengdu .他们去成都了。

II.以“ancT或“both... and”连接的并列主语:

2?通常作复数用。e.g.

1 Plastics and rubber never rot.塑料和橡胶从不腐烂。

②What he says and what he does do not agree.他言行不一致。

3 Both Tom and I are fond of medicine .我和汤姆都喜欢医学。

2.如果并列主语指的是"同一个''人（事、物、抽象概念），作单数用。

e.g.

I The worker and writer has come .这位工人作家来了。

②A cart and horse was seen in the distance .远处能看见有一套马车。

3 Truth and honesty is the best policy .真诚是最好的策略。

3.“and”前、后的单数词语都有s

1 Every boy and every girl enjoys equal rights here.这里每个男孩和每个女孩都享有平等权益。

②No teacher and no student is excused from taking part in the activity .没有哪个教师或学生可以免于参加这项活动。

IV.主语前、后加表“数、量”等的修饰语时:

1.a) “many a + 单名"接单数谓语:"a good (great) many + 复名"接复数谓语。e.g.

1 Many a fine man has died for it.许多优秀战士为此献出了生命。

②A great many parents were present at the meeting .许多家长出席了会议。

b)"a / an +单名+ or two "大多接单数谓语："one or two +复名“接复数谓语。e.g.

①Only a word or two is (are )needed.只需说一两句。

②One or two reasons were suggested .提出一两条理由。

c)"a / an + 单名 + and a half”常接单数谓语；"one and a half + 复名''多接复数谓语。e.g.

1 A year and a half has passed .—年半已过去了。

②One and a half tons of rice are sold .已卖了一吨半大米。

d)"more than one +单名“大多接单数谓语。e.g.

1 More than one person was (were )absent.不止一个人缺席。"more +复名+ than one "接复数谓语。e.g.

②More students than one have been there .不止一个学生去过那儿。"more than two (three,...)+复名‘‘接复数谓语。e.g.

3 More than one hundred students have attended the concert.不止—百名学生听了这场音乐会。

2,主语前加表示“单位、度量”的短语如＜6a kind (sort / type / form /pair /cup /glass /piece / load / block / box / handful / quantity / ton/metre /... )of?等时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语形式。e.g.

a) 1 There is only a small quantity of paper (books ) left.只乘9下少量的纸(书)了。

?Large quantities of water are needed .需要大量的水。

b) 1 This kind of apple is sweet.这种苹果甜。

(2)This kind of apples is (are) sweet.(大多依kind ,作单数用)

3These kind(s) of epple⑸ are sweet.(总作复数用)

但:Apples of this kind are sweet.(总作复数用)

3.主语后接“with等构成的短语修饰成分时:谓语仍须与这类短语前的

“主语"一致。可构成这类短语的常用“with ,along with .together with ,as well as , but, besides , except,added to , including , like ,no less than , rather than , more than "等。e.g.

1 A woman with two children has come .—位妇女带着两个孩子来

To

②as well as they am ready to help you .不仅他们,我也愿帮助你。

4."one of +复数名词+定语从句“:

1）定语从句的先行词通常是这个“复数名词"，因此从句的谓语用复数形式。e.g.

1 This is one of the best novels that have appeared this year.这是今年出版的最佳小说之一。（关系词咒hat”代'’novels”）

②He was one of the boys who were praised .他是受表扬的男孩之o 2）若“one"前加“this, the,the only"等时，定语从句的关系词指代one,作从句主语时，接单数谓语。e.g.

He was the only one of the boys who was praised .他是男孩中唯一受到表扬的。（关系词who代the only one ）

【意义一致原则】

I.集合名词作主语时：（参见“名词"部分）

1.有些通常作复数用（不变词形）。如：“people , police , cattle （牛, 牲口）, folk, youth, militia （民兵）二等。e.g.

The police have caught the murdere「.警方已捕获凶手。

2.有些指“整体”时作单数,指其中的“成员''时作复数（不变词形）。如"army , audience（听众）,class .club （俱乐部）,company （公司）, committee（委员会）,crew .crowd ,staff（员

工）.family .public .government,group .party .union .couple .populati on .team 等。e.g.

①Ou「family is a happy one .我们有个幸福的家庭。

②The family are early risers .这家人都起得早。

3 The public are (is )requested not to litter.请公众不要乱扔废弃物。但上述集合名词也可有复数形式。如:families , two classes .等。有些变复数形式后意义不同。如：peoples多个民族。youths男青年。folks

亲友。

II.代词作主语时：(参见“代词"部分)

1.不定代词"each ,one , much, (a)little .either ,neither .another ,the other(+单名)?等常作单数用。它们所修饰的主语也作单数。e.g.

1 Each of the girls (Each girl) has a new hat .每个女孩都有顶新帽子。?Neither plan suits me . 3 Neither of the plans suits / suit me .两个计划都不适合我。

2.下列复合不定代词一般作单数用：“someone .somebody something .anybody .anyone .anything .every

body .everyone .eveything .nobody ,no one .nothig "等。e.g.

1 Is everybody here ?都到齐了吗？

②There was nothing special then.那时没什么特别情况。

3.下列不定代词作复数用：“ (a) few .many several, both”等。e.g.

1 Few (of the guests ) were familiar to us .没几个(客人)是我们熟识的。

②Both / Both (of) these are interesting .两部影片都有趣。

4下列代词须视其“具体所指”来决定单、复数：

1)tc what,which ,who .whose "等。e.g.

1 Who is your brother ?你兄弟是谁？

②Who are League Members .哪些是团员？

2)"all, some .more .most ,any .none ,a lot(of), lots (of ),"^o e.g.

1 All (of the students ) are working hard .(所有的学生)都在用功。

②All (of the paint) is fine .(这些油漆)都很好。

3)"half(of), plenty (of), the rest(of), (a)part(of), the remainder(of)余下的)’,等。e.g.

1 Half of the apples are bad .苹果中有一半是坏的。

②Half of the apple is bad ?这只苹果坏了一半。

川“数词''、“数量、单位”等词语作主语时：

1表示“运算“的数词通常作单数。e.g.

Ten times four makes(make) forty ?十乘以四得四十。

2.表“时间、距离、金额、度量衡”等的词语，作“整体"看时作单数

用, 侧重指“若干单位"时作复数用。e.g.

1 Twenty years is not a long time .二十年光阴，弹指一挥间。

(2)Twenty years have passed since he left.他离开已二十个年头了。

3“分数、百分数"通常依其“具体所指”来决定单、复数。e.g.

1 About 40 percent / two-fifths of the books here are (is) worth reading .这些书中百分之四十/五分之二值得读。

②Only sixty percent / three-fifths of the work was done yesterday . 昨天只干完了百分之六十/五分之三的工作。

4."a number of （许多）/a variety of （各式各样）”+复数名词,常作复数用。e.g.

1 A number of students in this class are （is） from Sichuan .这个班有不少同学来自四川。

?There are a variety of toys in this shop.这家商店有各种各样的玩具。但是,4t the number（数目）/ the variety（种类厂十of十复数名词，作单数。e.g.

1 The number of students in this college has doubled .这所大学的学生人数翻了一番。

②The variety of goods in this shop is rich .这家商店货物品种丰富。IV.单、复数同形或易混的词作主语时：惨见“名词''部分）

2?以“TCS"结尾的学科名词：指教育、科研的某一学科，作单数。e.g. Mathematics seems easy to me ?我似乎觉得数学不难。