初中英语近义词辨析
初中英语近义词辨析
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. family, house, home
home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.
3. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
4. photo, picture, drawing
photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画.
5. population, people
population人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.
6. road, street, path, way
road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径
take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
7. custom, habit
custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
8. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.
9. class, lesson
作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. Lesson 6; class 5.
10. officer, official
officer部队的军官，official政府官员an army officer
11. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job
12. couple, pair
couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西a pair of trousers
13. country, nation, state, land
country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land 国土，国家The whole nation was sad at the news.
14. police, policeman
police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.
15. problem, question
problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用.
16. chick, chicken
二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.
17. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day trip
18. sport, game
sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则His favorite sport is swimming.
19. price, prize
price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金win the first prize, The price is high/low.
20. a number of, the number of
a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.
21. in front of, in the front of
in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面In the front of the room sits a boy.
22. three of us, the three of us
three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
23. by bus, on the bus
by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围They went there by bus.
24. next year, the next year
next year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语
He said he would go abroad the next year.
25. in place of, in the place of
in place of代替，in the place of在…地方A new building is built in the place of the old one.
26. a girl, one girl
a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩Can one girl carry such a big box?
27. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师the doctor and teacher is
28. in bed, on the bed
in bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.
29. in charge of, in the charge of
in charge of管理，负责照料，in the charge of由……照料He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.
30. in class, in the class
in class在课上，in the class在班级里He is the best student in the class.
31. a second, the second
a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.
32. it, one
it同一物体，one同类不同一I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
33. that, this
that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的I was ill. That's why…
34. none, nothing, no one
none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人
--- How many…/How much…? --- None.
35. anyone, any one
anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you
36. who, what
who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位What is your dad? He is a teacher
37. what, which
what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择
Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
38. other, another
other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数other students, another student
39. many, much, a lot of
many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句I haven't many books.
40. much more…than, many more…than
much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more…than后接可数名词many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
41. no, not
no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water
42. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，
自动的The door opened of itself.
43. at all, after all
at all根本，全然, after all到底，毕竟After all he is a child.
44. tall, high
tall常指人或动物，high常指物体He is tall.
45. fast, quickly
fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快run fast, answer the question quickly
46. healthy, healthful
healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的healthful exercise
47. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的
a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
48. just, very
just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语the very man, just the man
49. real, true
real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合real gold, a true story
50. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，
pleasing主语常为物a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
51. ill, sick
ill做表语，sick定，表均可a sick boy
52. good, well
good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词He is well again.
53. quiet, silent, still
quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。
54. hard, hardly
hard努力，hardly几乎不work hard I can hardly believe it.
55. almost, nearly
二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody
56. late, lately
late迟，晚，lately最近，近来I haven't seen him lately.
57. living, alive, live, lively
living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的all the living people=all the people alive
58. excited, exciting
excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的I'm excited. The news i*citing.
59. aloud, loud
aloud出声地，loud大声地read aloud(出声地读)
60. worth, worthy
二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done
It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.
61. bad, badly
bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为"很，非常" go bad
I need the book badly.
62. before long, long before
before long不久以后，long before很久以前not long before = before long
63. quite, rather
quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级quite impossible
64. happy, glad
happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语a happy girl
65. instead, instead of
instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中
He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
66. too much, much too
too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词much too heavy
67. raise, rise
raise及物动词，rise不及物动词The sun rises in the east.
68. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作fetch a box of chalk
69. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间; pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱
70. join, join in, take part in
join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；
take part in 参加大型的活动He joined the army five years ago.
71. learn, study
learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究
study the problem
72. want, hope, wish
want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success. 73. discover, invent, find out
discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，
find out发现，查明At last he found out the truth.
74. answer, reply
answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接to reply to the letter
75. leave, leave for
leave离开，leave for前往He left Beijing for Shanghai.
76. rob, steal
rob抢劫rob sb. of sth.，steal偷steal sth. from sb.
77. shoot, shoot at
shoot shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中He shot the bird and it died.
78. drop, fall
drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
79. search, search for
search后接地点，search for后接东西He searched his pocket for money.
80. used to, be used to
used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接do sth. He is used to getting up early.
81. win, lose, beat
win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them
82. live on, live by
live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生live on fish/ live by fishing
83. beat, hit, strike
beat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下beat the wings
84. lose, miss
lose失去（具体的物体），错过sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing, miss the chance
85. care about, care for
care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.
86. catch a cold, have a cold
catch a cold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用，而have a cold可以
She has had a cold for a week.
87. continue, last
二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.
88. feed, raise
feed喂养，养活，饲养(to give food to)，raise饲养，养育(cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family
89. go for a doctor, go to a doctor
go for a doctor去请医生，go to a doctor去看病
90. notice, observe, catch sight of
notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突然看到observe the stars
91. look, seem, appear
look指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象appear wise, look like his father
92. gather, collect
gather把分散的东西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collect stamps
93. die from, die of
die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素die of hunger and cold
94. divide, separate
divide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开
divide the apple, separate the houses
95. arrive, get, reach
arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing
96. grow, plant
grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物plant the trees, trees are growing
97. manage, try
manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功
He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.
98. build, put up, set up, found
build一般用语，建成，put up临时搭建，set up建成（内部的设施基本齐全），
found国家或组织的建成put up a tent, set up a school
99. be familiar to, be familiar with
be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物
The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.
100. agree with, agree to, agree on
agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数agree with you, agree to the plan
101. throw to, throw at
throw to扔到…, throw at朝…扔He throw a stone at me.
102. receive, accept
receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受I received a gift, but I didn't accept it. 103. wear, put on, dress
wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.
104. listen, hear
listen强调动作，hear强调结果I listened, but I heard nothing.
105. look, see, watch
look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV 106. lie, lay
lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book
107. hurt, injure, wound
hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤He was wounded in the war.
108. turn, get, grow
turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化turn yellow, get tired, grow big
同义句转换类型大全初中英语
英语学习中体现为运用不同句型来表述同一意思。细微而言，表述同一意思的各个不同句型各有其语义上的倾 重点；但一般情况下，尤其是对初学者而言，这种细微 的“异”并不要求强调。换言之，是要求从“同”的角 度来看待表述同一意思的不同句型。本章拟以列举实例 的方式来作一综合介绍。 一、一句多讲 1.今天天气怎么样？ How is the weather today? What is the weather like today? 2.你怎么啦？ What is the matter with you? What’s your trouble? What’s wrong with you? 3.是上学的时候了。 It’s time for school. It’s time to go to school. 4.这男孩今天16岁了。 The boy is sixteen (years old). The boy is at the age of sixteen. He is a boy of sixteen.
5.我把门打开你不介意吧？ Do you mind if I open the door? Do you mind my opening the door? 6.他每天花1小时做作业。 It takes him an hour to do his homework every day. He spends an hour (in) doing his homework every day. He spends an hour on his homework every day. 7.自从1992年以来上海发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes have taken place in Shanghai since 1992. There have been great changes in Shanghai since 1992. Shanghai has changed a lot since 1992. 8.她的父亲去世5年了。 Her father died five years ago. Her father has been dead for five years. It is five years since her father died. (这里用It has been five years亦可。) 9.我没有钢笔和铅笔。 I have no pens and no pencils. I have neither pens nor pencils. I have no pens or pencils. (no = not any,所以可用not any代替no)
初中英语同义词辨析
.初中英语同义词辨析
初中英语同义词辨析 目录： 英语学习过程中经常遇到同义、近义词的辨析，这是英语学习的难点之一，也是中考考点之一，现在把自己整理的一些初中常见的同义近义词的辨析总结如下： 1、talk tell speak say 2、good well nice 3、look see watch read 一、maybe, probably , perhaps 二、few , a few , little , a little 三、each , every 四、when , while 和as 五、between, among 六、among , in the middle of 七、Such , so 八、Nobody , no one , none 九、idea, concept, conception, thought, notion, impression 十、identify, recognize, make out “认出，识别十一、idle, lazy 闲散，懒惰 十二、if, whether 十三、ignorant, illiterate无知的 十四、ill, sick 十五、illness, sickness, disease, complaint 十六、imagination, fancy, fantasy想象，幻想 十七、immediately, instantly, presently, directly, shortly, soon, at once, right away 十八、immerse, dip, duck, plunge, submerge沉浸，浸入 十九、improve, better, perfect, refine改进，改善 二十、indeed, really, truly, actually确实地，真正地 二十一、indispensable, essential, necessary, requisite必不可少的，必需的 二十二、induce, persuade, urge, convince, counsel, coax劝说，劝导，劝诱 1. feel like：想要做某事， 2. much too too much too many 3. few a few. little a little 6. both , all放在be动词的后面 7. enough 的用法：8.形容词修饰不定代词 9形容词变副词；通常是在词尾加ly 10. used to do sth be used to doing sth 11. look for 11\ find: find out 12. borrow lend: 13. have ( has ) been to :have ( has ) gone to 14. nobody : 代词，“没人”，不能用于of 结构中。 15. a number of the number of : 16. between : among 17. across through :cross Over 18. cost spend pay: take : 19. give up 和give in 20. such + a/an + 形容词＋名词单数so ＋形容词＋名词复数／不可数名词21. alone lonely 22. good短语：23. feel like 24. later after 25. quite : quite a + adj + n very : a very + adj + n 26. much too too much too many 27. arrive get to reach 28. all：whole 29. another more 30. few a few little a little 31. turn on turn off turn down turn up 32. in bed in hospital on the bed in the hospital 33. sports :修饰名词 35. bad luck good luck have good ( bad ) luck in doing something good ( bad ) luck with something good ( bad ) luck to somebody 36. in front ( of ) in the front ( of ) 37. class family , team 38. at the end of 39. both , all 40. enough 的用法 41.形容词修饰不定代词42. nearly , almost 几乎 43. it , one , that 均可代替上文提到的某物47. carry 运载、搬运、提、扛、抱、抬
英语近义词辨析
英语近义词辨析 万学海文 《2010年考研英语考试大纲解析》中明确指出：“考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇及相关词组。除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词，形容词与介词，形容词与名词等”；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。由此可见，同学们在复习单词时，不仅要记词更要学会去辨析，尤其对相似易混词汇应进行重点攻克。 为了方便同学们的单词归纳复习，万学海文英语教研中心现对常见近义词进行归纳讲解。 1、blunder, error, mistake这一组词都表示"错误"。 blunder n. (因为无知、疏忽犯下的)大错，愚蠢的错误。 I think that I committed a blunder in asking her because she seemed very upset by my question.这位女士由于我的问题感到很难过，我感觉到犯了一个大错。 error n.指判断、计算或行为上的错误，也指智力或道义上的错误。 The accident was the result of human error.这事故是人为的错误造成的。 mistake n.误会，误解；(粗心、遗忘所导致的)错误。 I took your bag instead of mine by mistake.我错拿了你的手提包。 2、brittle, fragile, frail, crisp, invalid都有"弱"的意思。 brittle a.易碎的，易损坏的，通常是指坚硬的东西。 The bones of elderly people become brittle and easily broken.老年人的骨头变得脆弱，很容易骨折。 fragile a.常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西，也引申为体弱的，虚弱的。 He 's feeling a bit fragile after last night's party.他参加了昨晚的聚会以后，现在感觉有些虚弱。 frail a. (指人)体弱的，虚弱的，也可以指东西易碎的。 His mother has grown old and frail.他母亲已经年老体弱。 crisp a.指食品的松脆；清新的，爽快的；活跃的，有生气的，干净利落的。crisp biscuit 松脆的饼干 The student gave a clear, crisp answer to the teacher's question.学生干净利落地回答了老师的问题。 invalid a.不正确的，缺乏证据的；无效的，作废的。作名词时，表示病弱者，伤残者，久病者。 Your ideas about the first humans are interesting but invalid.你关于最早的人类的观点很有意思，但是缺乏证据。 A bad car accident made him an invalid.一次严重的车祸使他变成了残疾。
初中英语同义词辨析
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关于这一点，她什么也没有对我讲。 *speak 当及物动词用时，宾语一般是语言或词语之类的词。如: does anyone speak english here? 这儿有人会说英语吗？ 2、good well nice good 形容词，好的，合适的，新鲜的，擅长的。 well 作形容词时，指"(身体）健康的”；还可用作副词，修饰动词。nice形容词，美好的，令人愉快的，可爱的，特指取悦感官的事物。she is good at english.她擅长英语。 this cake tastes good.这蛋糕好吃。 his mother is very well.他妈妈很健康。 she is a nice little girl.她是个可爱的小姑娘。 3、look see watch read 看 look通常为不及物动词，强调“看”的动作，指“认真看”，强调看的对象时，后须接介词at才能带宾语，即look at。 see是及物动词侧重于看的结果“看见，看到” watch 作动词，意为“观看，注视”，多指观看运动着的事物，如电视、比赛、表演等。 read 主要强调“读，阅读，朗读”，汉语中常译成“看”，多指看书、报、杂志。 look！the man is coming！看！那个男的来了。 look at the map .看这张地图。 can you see the dog over there？你能看见那儿的狗吗？
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2 Please _______ the blackboard, can you ___ anything? 3 She doesn’t like ____ TV,but she likes _____ football game. .sound listen to hear sound 听起来（系动词，接形容词作表语） listen to 听强调听的动作与方向 hear 听见强调听的结果 1 ____ the radio, it says the flood is coming soon. 2 I can’t ____ you , because there’s something wrong with my ears. 3 What you said ____ interesting. .hear from hear of hear from 收到…的来信 hear of 听说…的消息 1 After ____ her sister, she read and soon wrote back. 2 Have you _____ the place called Shenglong? .receive accept
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1. too much / much too 1.The computer is ____ expensive. 2.Stop, Peter. You talked ____. 3.I’ve got ____ work to do. 4.Father, have a rest. You’ve ____ tired today. 5.Hurry up! You have wasted ___ time. 2. holiday/ vacation/ leave/ off 1.Christmas is a ____ for everybody. 2.The children will take their summer __ in half a month. 3.My father is on _____. 4.The manager gave the worker a day _____. 5.I have to ask you for half a day’s _____. 3. close/ shut off/ turn off 1.You’d better ____the motor. It is making too much noise. 2.All the shops are ____ now. 3.She didn’t __ the door and entered the house. 4.He ____ the lights before he left the lab. 5._____ the television, please. 4. instead/ instead of/ without 1.I don’t like this one; please give me that____. 2.He stayed at home studying English ___ going to the cinema. 3.Tom passed by me ___ saying hello to me.
英语近义词辨析
近义词辨析 目录 1.“I know”和“I see”其实不一样！“我明白了”还能怎么说 (1) 2．college和university了，但是这两者有啥区别呢 (3) 3.表示“打电话”的词call，ring，phone，telephone (6) 4. 关于“药”的单词 (9) 5. 表示“责任”“职责”“义务”的词 (11) 6.准确度(Accuracy)与精密度(Precision)的区别 (13) 1.“I know”和“I see”其实不一样！“我明白了”还能怎么说 可能不少同学想表达“我明白了”的时候，总是会犹豫要用“I see.”还是“I know.”，又或者是“I understand.”。这三个词都有相同的中文意思，但是实际上，还是有所区别的哦。 今天就给大家分辨一下这三个表达，以及帮大家区分表示“明白”的几个常见动词。一起来学习吧。 1. understand 相信大家对于understand很熟悉了，当它表示“明白”时，可以用“understand sth.”或“understand + 从句”的结构。 It is very important to make yourself understood when you speak a foreign language. 当你在讲一门外语的时候，表达清楚自己的意思让别人明白是非常重要的。 除了能表示“明白”，understand还可以表示通过学习或者经历而“了解或知道”某事物。 此外，也可以表示“理解；体谅”，还能表示“获悉”，即通过听说或者读到某事物并相信该事物为真。 understand how/why/where 弄清；搞懂 (can) understand sb. doing sth. 能理解某人做某事
中学英语近义词辨析200组
中学英语近义词辨析２00组 1。clｏtｈｅs，cloｔｈ, clothing?clotｈeｓ统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布，为不可 2。ｉｎcｉｄeｎt,ａccidｅnt?数名词clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of,an article of? 3. amouｎt，ｉncideｎt指小事件, ａｃcidｅｎt指不幸的事故He was kｉlleｄiｎtｈe acciｄent.? nuｍber?aｍount后接不可数名词，numｂｅr后接可数名词a nｕmｂeｒoｆｓｔuｄents 4。faｍily, house,home?hｏme 家，包括住处和家人，ｈoｕsｅ房子,住宅,ｆamilｙ家庭成员。My f 5。sound,ｖｏicｅ, noisｅ ａmｉly is aｈappy ｏne.? sｏund自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,ｎoｉｓe噪音I ｈaｔe ｔｈe loud noｉse outside．?６. pｈoto，picture,drawing ｐhｏto用照相机拍摄的照片，pictuｒe可指相片,图片,电影片,ｄrawing画的画 Ｌet’ｓgo andｓee a ｇｏｏd pｉcturｅ。 7.vｏcａbｕｌary，word?vｏｃaｂularｙ词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，woｒd具体的单词Ｈe haｓa large voｃaｂulａry。 8. ｐopulation, peｏｐlｅ?pｏpulaｔｉon人口,人数,pｅople具体的人Chinａhas a ｌarge populａtio 9。weatheｒ, ｃlimａte ｎ。? weatheｒ一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况The ｃlimａte here is not goｏｄｆｏr yｏｕ.?１0。rｏaｄ, stｒｅｅｔ，patｈ，ｗay?road具体的公路,马路,ｓtrｅeｔ街道，pａtｈ小路，小径,wａｙ道路，途径 ｔakｅthiｓroaｄ;in ｔhe ｓtrｅet，shｏｗme the ｗay to ｔhe mｕsｅuｍ。 11．coｕrsｅ, subjｅct?ｃｏｕrse课程（可包括多门科目)，subject科目(具体的学科)a ｓｕｍｍer course 12. cｕｓｔｏｍ,ｈaｂit?cusｔoｍ传统风俗，习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接to dｏ，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接oｆｄoinｇ．Ｉ'ｖｅgｏt the habit of dｒinｋｉｎgａlot. 13．ｃaｕsｅ, reasoｎ cauｓe指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接ｏｆｓtｈ。／doｉnｇｓth，reaｓon用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接fｏr sth。/ｄoing sth．the reaｓon fｏｒｂeiｎg ｌate 14. exeｒciｓe，eｘercｉsｅs, pracｔice exｅrｃiｓｅ运动,锻炼（不可数），exeｒcｉｓes练习(可数),practice（反复做的)练习?Practice makes perｆeｃt。?1５．clａss, ｌesson 16。作"课"解时，两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用claｓs.ｌesson 6;ｃｌａｓs 5?speech，ｔａlk, ｌｅctuｒe ｓpeｅcｈ指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，ｔａｌk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，ｌｅcｔure学术性的演讲,讲课a ｓeries of leｃｔｕre oｎ… 17. oｆficer，ｏffiｃial?officer部队的军官，ｏfficial政府官员ａn ａrｍy oｆｆicer?1８. ｗoｒk, job 二者均指工作。work不可数,ｊob可数a goｏｄjob 20。19。cｏuple, ｐaｉｒ?couple主要指人或动物,pair多指由两部分组成的东西a pａir of tｒoｕserｓ?counｔry,natiｏn, stａte, laｎd?country侧重指版图,疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族,sｔａtｅ侧重指政府,政体,lａｎd国土，国家Theｗhole nation was sad aｔthe newｓ.? 2１。ｃｏok, cookｅr?ｃ 22。damaｇe, damａgeｓ?daｍagｅ不可数名词, 损ooｋ厨师,cooker厨具Heｉs ａgood cｏｏk.? 23. ｐolｉcｅ, policemａｎ 害,损失; damages复数形式，赔偿金＄90０dａmａges? polｉce警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,ｐｏｌicemａn 指某个具体的警察The ｐｏlｉce ａrｅqueｓt ｉoning eｖｅryｏne in the house。 24。proｂｌｅm，qｕeｓtｉon