英语语音基础知识

英语语音基础知识

要想说好英语语音，就要有英语语音的一些

基本知识。以下内容供你参考。

1．关于语音的几个概念 2. 元音：

3. 容易混淆的元音

4. 辅音

5. 容易混淆的辅音

6. 读音规则

7. 特殊读音8. 重音

9.意群的划分10.句子的语调

1．关于语音的几个概念

1)字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,

2) 音标: 词的语音形式。

3) 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48 音素。

4) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。一个元音，或一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合称为音节。

［m, n, l, N］和辅音音素结合，也可以构成一个音

节。如：/ 'lisn / ---listen

ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand

5) 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；

是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20 元音

单元音（12）：/ i: / i / e / ?/A/ a: / ? / ?: / u / u: /

双元音（8） : / ei / ai/ ?i / i ? / u ? / & / ? u / au /

6) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是音

节的重要组成部分，英语中有28 个辅音。

按发音方法为：

爆破音：/ p / b / t / d / k / g / 鼻音：/ m / n / N /

摩擦音：/f / v / e / 0 / s / z / ? / ? / r / h / w / j /

破擦音：/? / ? // ts / dz / tr / dr /

旁流音：/ l /

按声带震动与否为: 清音：/ p / t / k / f / 0 / h / s / ?/? /

浊音：/ b / d / g / m / n / ? / v / e / z / ? /

/ ? / r / w / j / l /

7）开音节：

a）辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;

b）辅音+元音he, go, hi

8）闭音

a) 辅音+元音+辅音bad, bed, sit, 节：

hot, cup;

b)元音+辅音it

9）重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节

2. 元音：

1) [i：] sea, he,_see, piece, ceili ng

2) [i] s i! build_miss, myth

3) [e] bed, desk, head,

4) [?] bad, la nd, ban k^stamp _

5) [a:] car_fast, class, plant,calm, aun

t

6) [ ?] hot, want_

7) [ ?: ] door, more, sport, ball, warm,

author, court, bought, caught _

8) [u:] good, who,_blue, soup,—

9) [u ] look, putjwomen, could ___

10) [ A ] cup, come, blood^jpugh —

11) [ ?:] girl, work, serve, nurse _

12) [ ?] cadre, ago, forget_polite, dollar,

doctor^ famous^Saturda_y_

13) [ei] cake, they^_play, eight, great,

14) [ai] bike, die, n either, light, ____

try」i nd_eye _

15) [ ?u] phone, cold, boat, _soul, grow _

16) [au] house, town_

17) [ ?i] boy, oil_

18) [i ?] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, _____

19) [ ￡ ?] pear, care, there, fair ______

20) [u ?] tour, poor, __

3. 容易混淆的元音

1) [e ] [?] bed bad; men, man;

pen, pan; lend land

2) [i：][ei] real rail; greet, great;

mean, main; read raid

3) [e][ai] bet bite; red write;

said side, head, hide

4) [au][ ?: ] house horse; loud lord;

south sauce; now nor;

count corn; cloud clause

5) [au] [ A ] found fond; gown gone; down don 4. 辅音

1) [p] pen, pen cil , point, pupil, people

2) [b] bed, comb, bread, bring, broke, buy

3) [t] tell, tea , team , teacher, tennis

4) [d] day, played, wan ted, desk, duck, do

5) [k] cold, sky,quick, school, back, accept, _

6) [g] big, go, guess, Ian guage」glass,grass

7) [m] man, many, more, mon key, mon ey, ma y

8) [n] nine, knife, autumn, nice, not, nose

9) [ n ] bank, English, sing, thing, think

10) [l] Ian d,world, lots,leaf, lovely,liste

n

11) [r] read, write, red, repeat, wron g,ri ng

12) [f] five, coughJaugh _

13) [v] voice, of, love, lovely, save, live

14) [ 0 ] think, thing, three, thirty, th

15) [ e] this, mother, brother, their,there

16) [s] sit, miss, science, case, scarf _

17) [z] zoo, close, rose, no se, zero

18) [ / ] sure, she, social,_nation _ ,station

19) [ ?] pleasure, treasure

20) [h] hot, who, hour , him, his, whose

21) [w] wall, what, water, which, well

22) [j] yes, year, yesterday, yellow, yet

23) [t / ] child, teach, catch ______ ,children

24)[ ? ] joke, bridge, ___ orange, judgecage —

coats sits goats, shirt

25)[ts] boats

s