英语中主动表示被动的几种情况

英语中主动表示被动的几种情况
英语中主动表示被动的几种情况

主动表示被动的几种情况

英语中,有些句子在形式上是主动的,但意义上却是被动的,这就是所谓的主动表示被动(active passive voice)。其特点是,句子中语法上的主语是逻辑上的宾语。主动表示被动常见于以下八种情况。

一、某些系动词后加形容词,如look, smell, taste, feel, sound, prove 等。

1. It smells terrible. 气味难闻死了。

2. The moon cake with nuts tastes delicious. 果仁月饼好吃。

3. Silk feels very soft. 丝绸摸上去很柔软。

二、某些动词后能够用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。这类动词want, need, require, deserve等。

1. The car needs repairing. 这车需修理。

2. The coat requires mending. 这件外衣需要补一补。

3. This point deserves mentioning. 这个点值得一提。

三、be + 表示“难、易、轻、重、合适”等形容词+ 带to的不定式。

1. The problem is hard to deal with. 这个问题难以解决。

2. The bag is too heavy to carry. 这包重得拎不动。

3. The sea is not fit to swim in. 这片海水不宜游泳。

四、will, do, would的否定形式加动词原形。

1. This material won’t wear. 这料子不耐久。

2. The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。

3. The box doesn’t lock. 这箱子锁不上。

五、某些及物动词后加副词时。这些动词有wash, write, sell, read, cut, clean, heat, rent, let,act, tell,等,其后的副词多为well, easily, quickly, rapidly等。

1. These types of computer sell well. 这些品类的计算机很畅销。

2. Such houses rent easily. 这样的房子容易租出去。

3. Nylon dries quickly. 尼龙干得快。

六、主语+ be + 带to的不定式

1. You were to blame. 这该怪你。

2. The house is to let. 这房子出租。

3. The meeting is to start. 会议马上就要开始。

七、在“There be + 主语+ 带to的不定式”中。

1. There is nothing to fear. 没有什么可怕的。

2. There’s not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽误。

3. There are five pairs of shoes to choose from.

有五双鞋子可共挑选。

八、某些动词的实行时也可表示被动意义,常见的动词有bake, cook, print, hang, build, do, finish等。

1. The cakes are baking. 面包正烤着呢。

2. The meat is cooking. 肉正烧着。

3. My raincoat is hanging behind the door. 我的雨衣挂在门后。

英语主动表被动用法归纳.

英语主动表被动用法归纳 一、谓语动词用主动表被动的五种情形 (1)某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为连系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式: That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。 Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。 (2)当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同: Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) (3)当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作):The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义) The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好) 另外,以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态: The vegetables are cooking. 蔬菜正在煮着。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何?

被动语态用主动表达

被动语态用主动表达 被动语态是指在不知谁是动作执行者或没必要指出谁是动作执行者,或需要强调动作的承受者时使用,其基本形式是“系动词+过去分词”。但在现实语言运用中,会出现一些用主动形式表达被动含义的情况,现将英语中用主动语态表达被动含义的几种情况归纳如下:1. 表“需要”含义的动词,如need, want, require等作谓语时,其主语若是物时,这些动词后面可接动名词主动形式表示被动含义。如: The garden doesn't need watering, it rained last night. 这个园子不需要浇水,昨晚刚下过雨。The carpet really requires cleaning. 这块地毯确实需要清理了。 注:这种情况下,也可接不定式的被动语态表达同种含义。如: This sentence needs explaining once more.=This sentence needs to be explained once more. 这个句子需要再解释一遍。 2. 有一类动词既是及物的,又是不及物的,但如果表示主语内在的特征、性质或所处的状态而不是强调动作本身,就要用动词的主动形式表被动,这样用起来简洁,符合英美人的习惯。常见的动词有:sell, wash, write, wear, open, shut, lock, close, start, begin, read, tear, boil, burn, grow, break, change, weigh, measure等。 请看下面三个句子,体会划线部分的不同: His books sell well, so they are sold out soon. 他的书很畅销,所以很快就被卖光了。 The door won't open, so we'll ask the repairman to open it. 这门就是打不开,所以,我们将请修理工打开它。 We measured the bridge and it measures 20 metres long! 我们量了量这座桥,它(量起来)有20米长! 3. 一些表示感觉、感官的系动词,常用主动形式表示被动动作,如sound, feel, smell, taste, look等。如: I tasted the wine and it tasted wonderful! 我尝了尝这酒,味道棒极了。 4. be worth doing结构中,用动名词主动形式表示某事值得被做。如: This dictionary is expensive, but it is worth buying. 这本词典很贵,但很值得买。 5. 在be to blame, be to let, be to seek等结构中,也用主动形式表被动含义。如: Nobody is to blame for the accident. 没有人会因这个事故而受责怪。 6. 有些动词的进行时可表示被动含义(这种情况也可用被动)。如: Te new edition of Longman dictionary is printing. 朗文词典的新版本正在被印刷。 7. 动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义。 动词不定式主动形式表被动含义较复杂,一般分下面3种情况: (1)be+形容词(或有这种形容词修饰的名词)+to do,这时的形容词都表示主语所具有的特征。如:heavy, light, big, strong, nice, beautiful, easy, hard, difficult, fit, comfortable, dangerous 等。如: She is a nice person to work with. 她是一个很好共事的人。 注:①此种结构中,因为主语充当着不定式的逻辑宾语,所以不定式一定用及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语。②too+形容词+to do及形容词+enough+to do结构也适合这一类。如:

英语中主动表示被动的几种情况

主动表示被动的几种情况 英语中,有些句子在形式上是主动的,但意义上却是被动的,这就是所谓的主动表示被动(active passive voice)。其特点是,句子中语法上的主语是逻辑上的宾语。主动表示被动常见于以下八种情况。 一、某些系动词后加形容词,如look, smell, taste, feel, sound, prove 等。 1. It smells terrible. 气味难闻死了。 2. The moon cake with nuts tastes delicious. 果仁月饼好吃。 3. Silk feels very soft. 丝绸摸上去很柔软。 二、某些动词后可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。这类动词want, need, require, deserve等。 1. The car needs repairing. 这车需修理。 2. The coat requires mending. 这件外衣需要补一补。 3. This point deserves mentioning. 这一点值得一提。 三、be + 表示“难、易、轻、重、合适”等形容词+ 带to的不定式。 1. The problem is hard to deal with. 这个问题难以解决。 2. The bag is too heavy to carry. 这包重得拎不动。 3. The sea is not fit to swim in. 这片海水不宜游泳。 四、will, do, would的否定形式加动词原形。 1. This material won’t wear. 这料子不耐久。 2. The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 3. The box doesn’t lock. 这箱子锁不上。 五、某些及物动词后加副词时。这些动词有wash, write, sell, read, cut, clean, heat, rent, let,act, tell,等,其后的副词多为well, easily, quickly, rapidly等。 1. These types of computer sell well. 这些品类的计算机很畅销。 2. Such houses rent easily. 这样的房子容易租出去。 3. Nylon dries quickly. 尼龙干得快。 六、主语+ be + 带to的不定式 1. You were to blame. 这该怪你。 2. The house is to let. 这房子出租。

英语被动语态总结

英语被动语态总结与练习 一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成,be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为: 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here. 4) was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)The project will have been completed before July. 10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用) He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

2020年高考英语主动表被动的用法考点小结

2017年高考英语主动表被动的用法考点总结 (1) 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同: Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) 当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义:The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作): The

英语中动词主动表被动用法归纳

英语中动词主动表被动用法归纳 1、Need,want,require(要求,需要),deserve(应得,值得),be worth值得),not bear(经不住)后面接doing主动表被动。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。 These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after)carefully.这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut)。你的头发该剪了。 2、不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系,又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系,不定式要用主动表被动含义。 I have much work to do. 我有许多要做的事情。(与work有动宾关系,与I有主谓关系) Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在找一间住的房间。(与room有动宾关系,与Tom 有主谓关系) He has a family to support.他要维持一个家庭。(与family有动宾关系,与he有主谓关系) 3、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义,如difficult,easy,comfortable(舒适的),convenient(便利的,方便的),hard,cheap,expensive,等,不定式用主动表被动。 The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 The work is easy to do. 这项工作很好做。 I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 That makes poetry difficult to write. 那就使得诗很难写。 4、在be to结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame for starting the fire?

英语主动表被动用法总结

英语主动表被动用法总结 一、谓语动词用主动表被动的五种情形 (1) 某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为连系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式: That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。 Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。 (2) 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同: The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shu t. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同: Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) (3) 当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常

英语中的主动表被动

英语中主动形式表被动意义的情况一般说来,表示被动意义要用被动结构,但是,英语中也有以下几种情况是用主动形式表达被动意义的: 1. 某些连系动词如look, sound, smell, taste, prove, feel等,习惯以主动语态形式表示被动的意义。例如:The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来香。Good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。The silk feels soft.丝绸摸起来很软。 但是,当上述动词不用作系动词时,则不具有这种用法。例如:His heart was felt still beating.他的心脏仍在跳动。Pepper can be tasted in the soup.汤里有胡椒粉的味道。 2. 当open, close, shut, lock, move, read, write, wash, sell, clean, cook, burn, draw, cut, wear, begin, start, finish, end, keep等词用作不及物动词表示主语的某种属性、特征或所处状态(常与easily, quickly, well等副词连用),而非强调动作本身时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。例如: The table can’t move.这桌子移不动。The door is easily locked.这门容易锁上。The poem reads smoothly.这诗读起来很流畅。When does the concert begin? 音乐会什么时候开始?The peaches don’t keep well.这些桃子不容易保存。 但是,有的时候也要看具体情况而定,例如:This book sells well. So far, 200 books have been sold out.这种书卖得很好,到目前,已经卖出了两百本。The sentence was read clearly by her.这个句子她读得很清楚。 3. 在be worth doing,need / want / require doing (to be done)结构中,其后的动名词一定是以主动语态的形式表示被动意义。例如:The book is worth reading.这本书值得读。The plant needs watering twice a week.这种花一星期要浇两次。The baby wants looking after.这个小孩需要照看。 4. 不定式to blame, to let, to seek用做表语时,通常用主动表被动意义。例如:Who is to blame? 该怪谁呢?She was in no way to blame.决不应该责备她。 A better way is yet to seek..还得找一种更好的办法。

高中高考英语主动表被动强化练习题

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