最新江苏省人机对话考试口语训练材料(话题简述)资料

1. 学校生活School life（同2017第20篇）

例一

要点：

1. 杰克是一名八年级学生，就读于伦敦附近的一所学校。

2. 他最喜欢的学科是中文课，他认为学习外语很有趣。

3. 学校每学期有一个“读书周”，他和他的同学们喜欢这个“读书周”，他们可以读到学校图书馆的许多书和杂志。他很喜欢他的学校。

Jack is a Year 8 student at a school near London. His favourite subject is Chinese. He thinks learning foreign languages is fun. His school has a Reading Week every term. Jack and his classmates love it. They can read many books and magazines from the school library. Jack loves his school very much.

例二

要点：

1. 南希14岁，是七年级学生。

2. 她每周放学后打两次排球。她喜爱这项运动，花很多时间练习。

3. 每周一她去“同伴俱乐部”，在那里，老生给新生讲学校生活情况；她的同伴朱莉帮助她全面了解新学校情况。朱莉是她的好朋友。

Nancy is 14 years old. She’s in the seventh grade. Twice a week, she plays volleyball after school. She loves this game and spends a lot of time practising. Every Monday, Nancy goes to a Buddy Club. There, older students talk to new students about school life. Her buddy Julie helps her learn all about her new school. Julie is her good friend.

2. 饮食Diet（与2017的第12篇一样）

例一

要点：

1. 为了更健康，我已改变了饮食。

2. 以前我很少吃水果、蔬菜，喜欢糕点、糖果和可乐。

3. 现在早餐时我总是吃一根香蕉、一些面包，喝一杯牛奶；午餐时通常吃鱼和蔬菜。

4. 我现在越来越健康，学习情况也因此大有改善。

I have changed my diet because I want to be healthier. Before, I seldom ate fruit and vegetables. I liked cakes, sweets and cola. Now, I always have a banana, some bread and a glass of milk for breakf ast. I usually eat fish and vegetables for lunch. I’m now becoming healthier and healthier. Because of this, my studies have greatly improved.

例二

要点：

1. 以前汤姆喜爱薯条和汉堡包，吃很多甜的零食，很少吃水果和蔬菜。

2. 现在为了更健康，他已改变了饮食。早餐常喝点牛奶，吃点面包；正餐常吃米饭、鱼和蔬菜；饭后常吃些水果。

3. 汤姆现在健康多了，他知道改变不健康的饮食很重要。

Before, Tom loved chips and hamburgers and ate a lot of sweet snacks, but he seldom ate fruit and vegetables. Now, he has changed his diet because he wants to be healthier. For breakfast, he usually has some milk and bread. He usually has rice, fish and vegetables for dinner. After meals he often eats some fruit. Tom is much healthier now. He knows it is important to change an

unhealthy diet.

3. 阅读Reading（与2017的第3篇一样）

例一

要点：

1. 我喜欢看罗伯特?路易斯?史蒂文森的书，我认为它们真的太精彩了。比如，《金银岛》讲述的是一个小男孩的故事——他出海航行，寻找宝藏。他的故事给了我很大的信心。

2. 读完这本书后，我不再像以前那样害羞。将来，我还想去旅游，拥有一些令人兴奋的经历。

I enjoy reading the books of Robert Louis Stevenson because I find them really exciting. For example, Treasure Island tells the story of a young boy. He sails the sea to look for hidden treasure. His story gives me a lot of confidence. After reading the book, I am not as shy as I used to be. I also want to travel and have exciting experiences in the future.

例二

要点：

1. 我喜欢阅读。每周我花七个多小时阅读各种类型的书。我对历史题材的书感兴趣，但是我最爱看小说。

2. 朋友们给我很多读书建议。我们常见面，讨论读什么书。

3. 阅读总是段美好的时光。好书让我在忙碌一天之后轻松下来，同时也向我打开了一个全新的世界。

I love reading. I spend over seven hours a week reading different types of books. I am interested in history books, but I like novels best. My friends give me lots of advice on books. We often meet together and discuss what to read. Reading is always a wonderful time. Good books help me relax after a busy day. They also open up a whole new world to me.

4. 我的家乡My hometown（同2017第10）

例一

要点：

1. 我的家乡在中国的东部，是个小城镇。

2. 城里有个美丽的公园，在那里我们可以散步，也可以看到小山、树和湖；城里有一些高楼，最高的楼有二十四层；有很多商店，我们经常去购物。

3. 我很喜欢我的家乡。

My hometown is in the east of China. It is a small town. In it there is a beautiful park. We can go walking there. We can see hills, trees and lakes too. There are some tall buildings in the town and the tallest one has twenty-four floors. There are lots of shops. We often go shopping there. I like my hometown very much.

例二

要点：

1. 我住在一个小城市的附近。我的房子外便是公交车站，乘公交车到市中心约需十分钟。

2. 在市中心有许多建筑物，包括一个大型购物中心、一个青年中心和一个博物馆，还有一个公园。

3. 青年中心是我最喜欢的地方，周末我经常和朋友们去那里。

I live near a small city. Outside my house is a bus stop. It takes about ten minutes to get to

the city centre by bus. There are lots of buildings there, including a large shopping mall, a youth centre and a museum. There is a park too. The youth centre is my favourite place. I often go there with my friends at the weekend.

5. 时尚Fashion（同2017第13）

例一

要点：

1. 我是个中学生。上周我设计了一件上衣、一条裙子和一双靴子。

2. 黑色的上衣是用羊毛制成的，长而漂亮；红色的裙子也是用羊毛制成的，适合在秋天穿；靴子是短筒皮靴，与衣服很相配。我非常喜爱它们。

I am a middle school student. Last week I designed a coat, a skirt and a pair of boots. The black coat is made of wool. It is long and beautiful. The red skirt is made of wool too. It is good for autumn. The boots are short and are made of leather. They match the clothes very well. I love them very much.

例二

要点：

1. 上星期六，我们班举办了一场时装表演，我们都穿着20世纪不同年代的服装。

2. 海伦的衣服看上去色彩鲜艳，是20世纪80年代的款式。

3. 约翰看起来很休闲，穿着蓝黄相间的运动衣和一双色彩鲜艳的运动鞋。20世纪90年代的年轻人喜欢穿运动鞋。

Last Saturday, our class held a fashion show. We all wore clothes from different times in the 20th century. Helen looked colourful. Her clothes were from the 1980s. John looked very relaxed. He wore blue-and-yellow sports clothes and a pair of colourful trainers. Young people in the 1990s liked wearing trainers.

6. 自己动手做Do it yourself（与2017的第5篇一样）

例一

要点：

1. 我表弟安德鲁对DIY很着迷。

2. 他喜欢修理物品，装饰房间，但完工后房间总是一团糟。

3. 曾经有一次他想在自己的卧室里安装一盏更亮的灯，但他犯了一个错误，整个房子都停电了。

4. 我给他买了一些DIY书籍，并建议他选修一些DIY课程。

My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. He loves to repair things and decorate his house, but when he finishes, the house always looks terrible! He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake. Then his whole house had a power cut. So I bought some books about DIY for him, and I also advised him to take some courses in DIY.

例二

要点：

1. 这里有一些制作水果沙拉的小建议。

2. 首先，使用当季水果；其次，搭配不同颜色的水果，比如，把红色的苹果、青色的梨子和紫色的葡萄搭配起来会使沙拉看上去五彩缤纷；最后，在食用沙拉前再做沙拉。有些水果在空气中放置一段时间后会很快变色。

Here are some tips for making a fruit salad. First, use fruit in season. Then, use fruit of

different colours. For example, mixing red apples, green pears and purple grapes together will make the salad look very colourful. Last, prepare the fruit salad just before you are going to eat it. Some of the fruit will quickly turn brown when you leave it in the air for some time.

7. 推荐Recommendations（与2017的第7篇一样）

例一

要点：

1. 如果你在考虑去北京旅游，我推荐这本书。

2. 这本书描述了北京的许多旅游景点，还介绍了当地的纪念品，书中有许多漂亮的照片。从这本书中你可以了解到北京的许多情况。

3. 书不贵，可到附近的书店购买。

If you are thinking about visiting Beijing, I recommend this book. It describes many tourist attractions in the city. It also tells you about the local souvenirs. There are many beautiful photos in the book. You can learn a lot about Beijing from this book. The book is not expensive. You can buy it in a nearby bookshop.

例二

要点：

1. 我推荐海伦担任网球俱乐部负责人。

2. 她成为俱乐部成员已经三年了，一直积极参加俱乐部活动。我常看到她刻苦训练，今年她在学校网球比赛中获得第一名。

3. 她做事有条不紊。我认为她是俱乐部负责人的恰当人选。

I recommend Helen to be the Tennis Club leader. She has been a club member for three years. She always takes an active part in club activities. I often see her practise hard. This year, she came first in the school tennis competition. She is also very organized. I think she is a good choice to be the Tennis Club leader.

8. 环境保护Environmental protection（同2017第8篇）

例一

要点：

l. 污染是当今世界最严峻的问题之一。

2. 在很多地方，垃圾被扔进了湖泊和河流，因此，很多湖泊和河流都遭受了污染。

3. 在有些城市，空气中都充满了污染物，这导致人们生病。

4. 和人类一样，动物们也深受其害。如果我们不行动起来保护环境，将会有更多的生物死于污染。

Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today. In many places, rubbish is thrown into lakes and rivers, so many of them are polluted. In some cities, the air is filled with pollution. This makes people ill. Like people, animals are harmed by pollution. If we do not act to protect the environment, more living things will die from pollution.

例二

要点：

1. 瑞士高山环绕，湖水清澈湛蓝，非常美丽。

2. 在瑞士，玻璃、塑料和纸张等物品都是分类收集，然后进行回收。即使是旧的衣服、鞋子都能被回收再利用。

3. 政府有很多法律来保护环境。比如，人们不能砍伐树木，否则将会受到惩罚。

4. 记住：每个人都可以做一些改变。

Switzerland is beautiful with high mountains and clean blue lakes. In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled. Even old clothes and shoes can be recycled. The government has many laws to protect the environment. For example, people are not allowed to cut down trees. Otherwise, they will be punished. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference.

9. 爱好与学业Hobbies and studies（与2017的第9篇一样）

例一

要点：

1. 我有许多爱好，喜爱游泳、唱歌和购物，目前旅游是我的最爱。

2. 不过每天我有很多家庭作业，做作业花费很多时间，我没有时间用在爱好上。对此我真的感到遗憾。

3. 我不想因为家庭作业而放弃全部爱好。

I have many hobbies. I love swimming, singing and shopping. At the moment, travelling is my favourite hobby. However, I have a lot of homework every day. I spend so much time doing my ho mework that I cannot find any time for my hobbies. I really feel bad about it. I don’t want to give up all my hobbies because of my homework.

例二

要点：

1. 迈克迷恋足球，喜爱看足球比赛，当然也喜爱踢足球。

2. 放学后，他经常和同学们一起踢一小时左右的足球；他的父母不喜欢这一点，要求他在五点半之前回家。

3. 他认为花些时间在爱好上是很重要的，希望能得到父母的支持。

Mike is crazy about football! He loves watching football matches. Of course, he loves playing football too. He often spends about one hour playing football with his classmates after school. His parents don’t like this and have asked him to go home before 5:30. He thinks it is important for him to spend some time on his hobbies. He wishes he could have his parents’ support.

10. 自然灾难Natural disasters（同17年19）

例一

要点：

1. 地震开始时我正在图书馆里。

2. 地面开始猛烈地摇晃。我试图往外跑，但玻璃碎片和砖头砸了下来，墙开始坍塌。最后，响声和摇动都停了下来。

3. 我意识到自己的一条腿被卡住了，我担心没人会发现我，所以尖声呼救。好在一条狗发现了我，有人把我拉了出去。

I was in the library when the earthquake started. The earth started to shake hard. I tried to run outside, but pieces of glass and bricks fell down, and the walls began to come down. Finally, the noise and shaking ended. I realized my leg was trapped. I was afraid that no one would find me.

I screamed for help. Luckily, a dog found me and someone pulled me out.

例二

要点：

1. 上周三，暴风雪袭击了北京。

2. 放学后，贝蒂和她的朋友埃米合撑一把伞，走向公交车站。

3. 天气真是坏极了。突然一阵大风从身后刮来，她们在大风中弄丢了伞；她们俩几乎跌倒，只能在暴风雪中慢慢地走向公交车站。

4. 最后她们上了一辆公交车回家了。

A snowstorm hit Beijing last Wednesday. After school, Betty shared an umbrella with her friend, Amy, and they walked to the bus stop. The weather was really terrible. Suddenly, a strong wind came from behind. They lost their umbrella in the wind and nearly fell over. They had to walk slowly through the storm to the bus stop. At last, they got on a bus and went home.

11. 颜色Colours（同2017第11）

例一

要点：

1. 一些颜色让人感到平静和安宁，蓝色便是其一。蓝色也表示难过。感到难过的人会说“我感到忧伤”。

2. 让人感到平静和安宁的另一种颜色是白色。如果你感到压力大，就可以穿白色的衣服。白色还是一种纯洁的色彩。

Some colours make people feel calm and peaceful. Blue is one of these colours. Blue can also represent sadness. Someone who is feeling sad may say “I’m feeling blue”. Another colour that makes people feel calm and peaceful is white. You could wear white if you are feeling stressed. White is also the colour of purity.

例二

要点：

1. 一些颜色能让你感到温暖。生活在气候寒冷地区的人们，更喜欢用暖色来给他们的家一种温暖和舒适的感觉。

2. 橙色是暖色之一。如果你感到难过，它能让你振奋。黄色是另一种暖色。它是太阳的颜色，也是智慧之色。

Some colours can make you feel warm. People in cold areas prefer to use warm colours to give their homes a warm and comfortable feeling. Orange is one of the warm colours. It can cheer you up if you feel sad. Yellow is another warm colour. It is the colour of the sun. It is also the colour of wisdom.

12. 介绍Introductions（与2017的第6篇一样）

例一

要点：

1. 刘浩是连接阳光镇到天津路段高铁的总工程师。他严肃，话不多，做事有条不紊。

2. 工作上，刘浩总是追求高标准。他认为失之毫厘，谬以千里，因此必须重视每个细节。

3. 他对他的团队成员很友好。大家觉得他是一个谦虚、易相处的人。

Liu Hao is the chief engineer of the high-speed railway connecting Sunshine Town to Tian jin. He is serious and doesn’t like to talk much. He is well organized. Liu Hao always works to high standards. He believes a miss is as good as a mile, so it is necessary to pay attention to every detail. He is friendly to his team members. They think he’s modest and easy to work with.

关于人机对话系统的思考

龙源期刊网 https://www.360docs.net/doc/d715927543.html, 关于人机对话系统的思考作者：王小捷来源：《中兴通讯技术》2017年第04期摘要：提出了一系列非常重要、影响人机对话质量的问题，包括：如何面向自然语言理解（NLU）构建对话任务分析、深度推理，如何利用语言学尤其是互动语言学研究成果构建对话管理（DM），如何有效建模人机对话中不同任务间的关联约束来发展联合模型等。认为尽管人机对话系统的基础模型已取得了长足进步，但如果不能有效地解决上述问题，就不可能获得高质量的人机对话系统，自然语言处理的水平也就难以得到实质性提升。关键词：人机对话系统；NLU；DM；自然语言生成（NLG）人类社会的一个主要特征是人际交流，广泛深入的人际交流是促进合作，推动社会向前发展的重要动力。人际交流的主要工具是包括汉语、英语在内的各种自然语言，基于自然语言的对话是人际交流的主要方式之一。基于自然语言的对话也称为会话，可以是在两人之间进行，也可以在多人之间进行。此外，自说自话的独白也常被语言学家归入会话。近年来，随着技术日新月异的发展，各种人造机器成为人类的亲密伙伴，人与机器的交流变得越来越重要。为了与机器交流，让机器明白人类需要它们做什么，人类发明了很多种机器语言。开始，这些机器语言只是少数人使用，随着机器进入到普通人的日常社会生活，就需要机器能与普通人进行交流，发明越来越简单的机器语言或操作方式是一个途径，而让机器能懂得人类语言无疑是一个更自然、更令人向往的方式。人机对话系统旨在实现这种方式，满足普通人与机器进行顺畅交互的需求。人机对话系统经历了50多年的发展，取得了不少的进展，目前更是面临巨大的发展机遇。如何抓住机遇，促成人机对话系统的进一步发展，是每位研究者都需要认真思考的问题。 1 人机对话系统简述 20世纪60年代，Weizenbaum创建了ELIZA对话系统[1]，试图模仿心理治疗师与人进行对话交流；90年代，Seneff 等人开发了自动机票预订系统（ATIS）[2]，通过与用户进行多轮对话来获取用户需求（如出发地、出发日期、航班号等），以帮助用户预订机票。这两个系统分别代表了两类不同的对话系统，后者属于目标驱动型对话，前者属于非目标驱动型对话。目标驱动型人机对话系统通过与用户进行多轮基于自然语言的对话来逐步收集与目标相关的信息，辅助用户成功获得某种服务。与ATIS系统类似的还有电信服务系统HMIHY[3]、天气信息查询系统JUPITER[4]、旅行计划制定系统DARPA Communicator[5]等。目标驱动型的人机对话系统也称为面向任务的人机对话系统。

口语考试话题及参考答案

Talk about yourself having a healthy lifestyle in great detail 1-Actually, without a healthy lifestyle, the effect to study or do something else will be reduced. Even worse, an unhealthy lifestyle will cause decease. For example, smoking may greatly increase the possibility of I'm as lifestyle. As far is it necessary to have a healthy lung the cancer. In order to keep healthy, As the saying goes ‘an apple a day, keep the doctor concerned, firstly, I eat an apple or a pear every day. away.' Fruit and vegetables can benefit a lot. Secondly, I don't skimp on sleep. Studies have shown that those who sleep less tend to weigh more. Adults should aim for between 7-9 hours of sleep per night. Thirdly, doing exercise regularly is of great importance, which is good for mental and physical health. It takes me half an hour to do exercise every day. There are many ways to exercise. For example, running, ball games like football, basketball, volleyball. As for me, swimming, hiking or playing I prefer to running or playing table tennis in my leisure time. I think many people don't take regular exercise for many reasons, especially for work or study. But I think it's irrational. We are human being, not the machines. So we can't work all the time without any exercise. Besides, drinking enough water every day and keeping a balanced diet are very helpful. Many people don't take breakfast. But not having breakfast will do harm to our health. So I take breakfast every day. What's more, I get rid of some bad living habits. Eating before sleeping will affect sleep. So if I ‘m hungry, I just eat some fruit. In addition, I don't watch TV while eating because it's easy to eat much more than usual while doing other thing. That's my healthy lifestyle. 2-Describe a perfect trip or holiday and be specific on events and places of interest When I was a child, I once went camping with my family in a holiday. We decided to make a barbecue in the valley. So we collected some tree sticks to make a fire. My father asked me if I could try to make a fire. I was glad to take the job. Then I tried to set fire to the wood with a match, but produced only smoke. Then my father said, That's not the right way. I'll show you how to do it. First use the small pieces of wood because they catch fire easily. Then put the larger ones on top of them.My father helped me make a big fire. That's an unforgettable trip. 3-Describe a kind of extreme weather and explain the consequences. If I had to describe a kind of extreme weather, I would choose to speak about hazy weather. Summer can bring more than just sunshine and swimming opportunities. In many urban areas, summer is also associated with haze. Haze is air pollution in which is mixed up with dust, smoke and other dry particles. Recently, the hazy weather has happened to many cities in the north of China, such as Beijing, Tianjing,

“人机对话”考试操作及答题技巧

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2018年江苏省人机对话考试口语训练材料(朗读短文)

初中英语听力口语自动化考试训练材料第一部分朗读短文用正确的语音语调朗读下面的短文 1（17年10） Halloween is on October 31. People celebrate it in many ways. Children wear special costumes and masks at Halloween. Many children play a game called "trick or treat". They knock on their neighbours' doors and shout "trick or treat". Their neighbours usually give them some candy as a "treat". If the children do not get any candy, they can play a trick on their neighbours. Some people also make lanterns out of big orange pumpkins. They cut out the eyes, the nose and the sharp teeth. They put candles in them so the light shines through the eyes, the nose and the teeth. 2（17年25） My ideal school starts at 8 a.m. and finishes at 3 p.m. I love sports and computers, so we have PE and computer lessons every day. The classes are quite small. There are about 20 students in each class. There is a big dining hall. There we can eat and chat with our friends. There is a park on one side of our school and a shopping mall on the other. We have a big library. We also have a tennis court and a swimming pool. There are lots of clubs and after-school activities. Every month, we go on a school trip to a museum or a theatre. 3（17年28） My name is Lucy. I am in Year 9 at Woodland School near London. It is a mixed school. Boys and girls have lessons together. My favourite subject is French. Learning foreign languages is fun. Our school has a Reading Week every year. During the week, we can borrow more books from the school library. We can also bring in books and magazines from home. I often read more books than my classmates. Near the end of the week, we discuss the books with our classmates in class. Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books. 4（17第4篇） Zhalong Nature Reserve is in North-east China. It is one of the world's most important wetlands. The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife. It is a perfect place for some rare birds. Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings. This will lead to less and less space for wildlife. Now the Chinese government has made laws to protect Zhalong. Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife including some endangered birds, and they also help prevent floods. We must protect the home of plants, fish and birds in Zhalong.