中考英语 定语从句练习题(含答案)

中考英语 定语从句练习题(含答案)
中考英语 定语从句练习题(含答案)

中考英语定语从句练习题(含答案)

一、定语从句

1.—Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father?

—The first thing____ I will do is to make a card for him.

A.who B.where C.whose D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜?——我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。

A. who谁;

B. where哪里;

C. whose谁的;

D. that用来引出从句。当先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时,引导词用that来引导。空前面的先行词是The first thing,是序数词,因此本题的引导词应该用that。故选D。

2.Everyone ____ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.

A.why B.whose C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

【考点定位】:考查定语从句。

【详解】

试题分析:句意:去过上海的每个人都说它是一个现代化的城市。why为什么;whose谁的;who谁,可以引导定语从句,主语是人;which哪一个,可以引导定语从句,先行词指物。根据句意可知,这里考查的是定语从句,先行词是Everyone,指代人,根据句意可知选C。

3.—Have you watched the TV play" In the Name of People”(人民的名义)?

----It' s the most popular play _______our Party' s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).

A.where show B.which show C.that shows D.who shows

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你看过电视剧《人民的名义》吗?——这是我们党努力反腐的最受欢迎的剧本。考查定语从句。当先行词前有形容词的最高级或者序数词来修饰的时候,关系代词只能用that。故选C。

4.The story ______ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers. A.whose B.who C.that D.where

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我在报纸上读到的那个故事是关于青少年的一个普遍问题。

考查定语从句的先行词。这里指代我在报纸上所读的故事,用that作为定语从句的先行词。故选C。

5.—Tom, where do you work?

—I work in a shop _____ sells different kinds of vegetables.

A.which B.who C.where D.what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——Tom,你在哪里工作。——我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。

考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知,横线处及后面是定语从句,首先排除D选项,what不能作关系词;空格处缺少主语,副词不能作主语,所以排除C 选项where;在定语从句中,关系代词取决于前面的先行词,先行词是人,关系代词用who或that;先行词如果是物,关系代词应用which或that;本句中根据先行词a shop是物,所以关系词用which,排除B选项;故答案选A。

6.﹣Look!This is the photo I took in Beijing World Gardening Expo(世界园艺博览会)in 2019.

﹣Wow,so great!

A.what B.who C.where D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:—看!这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会拍的照片。

考查定语从句的关系代词,what不用在定语从句中,who先行词为人,在从句中作主语或者宾语,where先行词为地点,在从句中作状语,that先行词为人或物,在从句中做主语或宾语,the photo为先行词,从句中缺宾语,句意理解为﹣﹣看!这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会上拍的照片.﹣﹣哇,很不错.故选D。

7.—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree ___ waiting in a line?

—They are the students from No. 1 Primary School.

A.that are B.where are C.which is D.who is

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?——他们是来自第一小学的学生。

考查定语从句。根据句意:﹣弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁?﹣他们是来第一小学的学生.可知先行词是children,指人,作主语,故选代词用who/that;children是复数,系词用are,故选A。

8.—Have you watch the TV play " In the name of people"(人民的名义)?

—Yes. It’s the most popular play _________ shows our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).

A.where B.whether C.that D.who

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:——你看电视剧“人民的名义”了吗?——是的,它是表现我们的党尽力反对腐败的最受欢迎的电视剧。这是一个定语从句的句子,先行词是play,所以引导词用that/which;故选C

9.Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman

_________used the special power of the plant to save __________lives.

A.which, millions of B.who, millions of

C.whose, million of D.who, million of

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who;短语millions of:数以百万的;故选B。

10.—Why don't you like fishing?

—Fishing is a hobby____needs much patience,but I'm not patient at all.

A.that B.who C.whom D.Where

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:——你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?——钓鱼是一项需要许多耐心的爱好,但是我一点耐心都没有。本题考查定语从句。先行词 hobby (爱好)指事物,关系代词应用that 或which.故选A项。

考点:考查定语从句的用法

11.All the classmates enjoyed the cake _________I made at the party. It was really delicious. A.that B.who C.what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词;先行词是人或物;B. who关系代词,先行词是人;C. what什么,通常不能引导定语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake,在这里是物,用关系词that。根据题意,故选A。

12.—Which song do you like better, Maria?

—I prefer the song Manual of Youth ________ is sung by TFBOYS.

A.which B.who C.whom D.where

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:﹣﹣Maria,你比较喜欢哪首歌?﹣﹣我比较喜欢由 TFBOYS演唱的《青春修炼手册》.

首先分析句子结构,本句中的is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句,其中先行词the song Manual of Youth指物,且在定语从句中做逻辑主语,所以关系代词用that/which,故选A。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

13.One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).

A.which B.who C.how D.what

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代物;B. who关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代人;C. how关系副词;D. what不能引导定语从句。根据One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).可知,先行词one指代人,所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作主语,结合选项可知B选项符合题意,故答案选B。

14.The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people.

A.whom B.what C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词,可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时,但whom用作宾语,who用作主语或宾语;which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人,可排除which;关系词在从句中做主语,可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。

15.The last place _______ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.

A.where B.that C.when D.why

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是定语从句,where关系副词,指地点;that关系代词,先行词为物;when关系副词,指时间;why关系副词,指原因。定语从句中visited后缺少宾语,故应填关系代词,选B。

16.Music is the only thing ______ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work. A.which B.that C.who

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后,帮助我放松的唯一一件事。which修饰事物,引导定语从句;that修饰事物,引导定语从句;who修饰人,引导定语从句。此处修饰先行词thing,有the only修饰,故用that引导定语从句。故选B。

17.Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students.

A.which B.who C.where

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。

本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选B。

【点睛】

做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。

18.—What do you think of the book A Haw Tree written by a woman writer?

—It reminds me of the days ________ I spent in the countryside.

A.when B.that C.who D.where

【答案】B

此题考查定语从句的引导词,先行词是the days,从句中I spent后缺少宾语,故用关系代词,所以选B。

19.__________ wants to go to the park this weekend, raise your hands, please. A.Anyone who B.Those who C.Anyone D.Who

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:这个周末想去公园的人请举手。此句考查定语从句。先行词是anyone定语从句中缺少主语,用who引导定语从句,B项错在因为先行词是those,who引导的定语从句中应该是复数谓语,C项缺少关系代词who,D项who只能表示疑问,“谁”,不符合句意:选A。

考点:考查定语从句。

20.(题文)—Do you know about Yuan Longping?

—Only a little. But Chinese people are proud of the man ______ hybrid rice

is famous.

A.who B.which C.that D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:---你了解袁隆平吗?---一点点。但是中国人以这位他的杂交水稻闻名于世的人感到自豪。根据语境可知,这里包含一个定语从句,从句的引导词根据先行词而定。who :指人,which:指物, that:可指人或物,whose:指物主。根据语境可知,这里指物主,故应选D。

考点:考查定语从句。

21.—You look smart in the T-shirt ________ your daughter bought for you.

—Thanks a lot.

A.which B.who C.whom D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】

本题考查定语从句。根据句意“你穿上那件你女儿为你买的衣服看起来很时尚”。先行词为the T-shirt,指物,在从句中做宾语。A. which指物,做主语和宾语;B.指人,做主语和宾语;C.whom指人,做宾语;D. whose指人和物,做定语。故选A。

【点睛】作定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。

22.My favorite actor is Jackie Chan _____is from China.

A.who B.whom C.whose

【解析】

句意:我最喜欢的演员是成龙,他来自中国。who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom也可以引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作宾语;whose…的。根据句意可知,这个引导词指代的是Jackie Cheney,并在从句中作主语,故应选A。

23.Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places ___ you have never visited. A.where B.which C.what D.who

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:读书是一件好事,它能把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句,先行词是places;定语从句中缺少句子的宾语,where在定语从句中作状语,故排除A;what不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句的时,先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语,先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。

24.— Jack, where do you work?

— I work for a company sells computers.

A.which B.where C.what D.who

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析:句意:——杰克,你在哪儿工作?——我在一家卖电脑的公司。which 引导的定语从句,指物,在从句中可以作主语、宾语等;where引导表示地点的定语从句;What不可以引导定语从句。它只可以引导名词性从句;who引导的定语从句用来修饰人。故选A。

25.— The light in her room is still on. Do you know _______?

— Maybe at midnight again.

A. if she is busy studying

B.what’s she doing

C. why does she stay up so late

D. when she will stop working

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:-她房间里的灯还亮着。你知道她什么时候停止工作吗?-可能又要到午夜。A. if she is busy studying.她是否在忙着学习;B. what’s she doing她在做什么。宾语从句用陈述句语序,错;C. why does she stay up so late她为什么熬夜那么晚。宾语从句用陈述句语序,错;D. when she will stop working她什么时候停止工作。答语:Maybe at midnight again.可能又要到午夜。指的是时间,用when提问。故选D。

考点:考查宾语从句。

26.The young lady _________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.

A.what B.whose C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:昨天我们见到的那位年轻的女士是我们的新数学老师。这里是定语从句,先行词是The young lady,这里关系词用who,在定语从句中做宾语,根据题意,故选C。

27.Wechat(微信) is an invention can help people talk to friends ,share photos ,ideas and feelings.

A.what B.who C.which

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:微信是能帮助人们和朋友交谈,自由地分享照片,想法,感受的一种发明。根据先行词是invention,所以引导词用that,或这which. 故选C。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

28.—What did you do in today’s history class?

— We talked about the characters __________ achieve fame in our Chinese history.

A.when B.what C.where D.who

【答案】D

【解析】

D

试题分析:句意:你们在今天的历史课上做了什么?——我们谈论了在我们的中国历史上有名望的人物。此句考查定语从句,先行词characters指人,故关联词用who,在从句中作主语,答案为D。

考点:考查定语从句的关联词。

29.Recently the second season of “A bite of China”(舌尖上的中国II) has become a hit.. I think Chinese are those ___ can cook the most delicious food.

A. what B. who C. whose D. Which

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我认为最近舌尖上的中国II已经变的很成功,我认为中国人是那些能做出最美味的食物的人们。这里是定语从句,先行词是those,指人的时候,关系词用who。结合语境,故选B。

考点:考查定语从句的关系词。

30.-I like the teachers _________ explain things well. What about you?

A.who B.which C.whom D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我喜欢解释东西解释得好的老师,你呢?--我也是。_________ explain things well做teachers的定语从句,根据先行词是人物,引导词在从句中做主语,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。

31.The first thing __________ I have to do now is to keep healthy.

A.which B.that C.who D.whom

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我现在不得不做的第一件事是保持健康。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that。2关系副词:where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指人又可指物。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which :先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时,先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时,先行词既有人又有物时。根据先行词有序数词修饰,故选B。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

32.— What do you think of lemon?

— Terrible. I like fruit ________ tastes sweet.

A.who B.what C.which D.when

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

试题分析:句意:你认为柠檬怎么样?——很糟糕,我喜欢甜的水果。A. who在定语从句中指人;B. what 不能用作定语从句的关联词;C. which指物;D. when指代时间。关系代词which指代fruit,在定语从句中做主语。

考点:考查关系代词的用法。

【详解】

请在此输入详解!

33.I’d like to tell you the table manners ________ you should know when you visit South Korea this summer holiday.

A.what B.who C.which D.why

【答案】C

试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问韩国时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。what 什么;Which 哪一个;who谁;why为什么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词which代替。所以选C。

考点:考查定语从句的连接词。

34.We all enjoy reading the story _______ has a happy ending.

A.who B.whom C.that D.what

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我们都喜欢读有一个幸福结局的故事。这里是定语从句,先行词是the story,是物,关系词用that和which, 先行词是人用who来引导。先行词是人,关系词whom在句中作宾语。根据题意,故选C。

【点睛】

当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that.但在以下情况用who.

1.当先行词是persons,people,those时.例如:

Those who are for my plan ,please put up your hands.同意我的计划的人请举手.

Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.好争者被轻视.

2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they等时,例如:

He who has not reached the Great Wall isn't a true man.不到长城非好汉.

All who had seen this film were moved.看过这部电影的人都受感动.

3.在非限定性定语从句中用who.例如:

I want him,who knows some English and French.我要他,他懂得些英语和法语.

I will pardon you,who are honest.我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的.

4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who可以省略.例如:

I think it is you who should come here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿.

It is he who can do this work.只有他能够干此工作.

在以下情况多用that.例如:

5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that.例如:

She is not the woman that she used to be.她已经不是过去的她了.

China is not the country that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.

35.(题文)There will be a flower show in the park ________ we visited last week.

A.who B.when

C.what D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:在我们上周参观的那个公园里有一个花展。修饰先行词the park的定语

从句中,谓语动词visited后缺少宾语,故用代词which。故选D。考点:考查定语从句。

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