雅思阅读倒装句的讲解

雅思阅读倒装句的讲解
雅思阅读倒装句的讲解

雅思阅读倒装句的讲解—北京中雅雅思封闭班

倒装句在雅思阅读中,常常给考生造成心理压力,使考生丢分,下面让北京中雅为您分析下雅思阅读中的倒装句的讲解,希望能够为您解决语法上的问题。

从形式上分,倒装有两种:全部倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。谓语动词全部位于主语之前的称作全部倒装,例如:In front of me stood a boy. (我面前站着一个男孩。)只将谓语动词的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的称作部分倒装,例如:Only in this way can we do it better. (只有这样,我们才能做得更好一些)从使用目的区分,倒装也有两种情况,即语法倒装(Grammatical Inversion)和修辞倒装(Rhetorical Inversion)。语法倒装是由于语法规则的要求而必须进行的倒装,例如:Who called me just now?(刚才谁打给我?)修辞倒装是出于修辞的需要而把正常语序转为倒装语序,例如:Out rushed the children.(孩子们冲了出去)H·Fowler归纳倒装的原因有九种,即疑问、命令、惊叹、假设、平衡、衔接、点题(signpost)、否定和韵律(metrical)。这并不完全,还应加上强调和为使描写更加生动两种。在英语中,倒装句俯拾即是,用得非常普遍,但汉语却很少用,所以在翻译倒装句时,仍应按原文词序翻译,并照顾汉语的习惯,以保持译文句子结构流畅、匀称。本章只列举在阅读文章中常遇到的倒装现象,以使考生熟悉英语和汉语在语序上的差异。

1. Jack London poured into his writings all the pain of his life,the fierce hatred of the bourgeoisie that it had produced in him,and the conviction it had brought to him that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters.

第一层:Jack London 主poured 谓into his writings 状all the pain 宾of his life,定the fierce hatred 宾of the bourgeoisie 定that it had produced in him ,定语从句1 and 连the conviction 宾it had brought to him 定语从句2 that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise 同位语从句up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters .

第二层:(定语从句1)that 引it 主had produced 谓in him 状

(定语从句2)it 主had brought to 谓him 间宾

(同位语从句)that 引the world 主could be made 谓a better place 宾to live in

定if the exploited would rise up and take the man- 状语从句agement of society out of the hands of the exploiters.

第三层:(状语从句)if 引the exploited 主would rise up 谓and 连take 谓the management 宾of society 定out of the hands of the exploiters 状要点本句为倒装句。如果宾语较长或宾语结构比较复杂,往往将宾语后置,采用倒装语序,以使句子保持平衡。本句的宾语由三个并列的名词构成,且第二和第三个名词后又带有限定性定语从句,故采用倒装语序,将动词poured的宾语放在状语into his writings之后。all the pain……,the fierce hatred……和the conviction……是poured

的三个并列的宾语;其中,第一个that引导的定语从句修饰hatred,it had brought to him修饰conviction,在该定语从句中其关系代词作宾语而被省略;第二个that从句则是conviction的同位语从句。

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