(完整word版)简单句的五种基本类型和练习

(完整word版)简单句的五种基本类型和练习
(完整word版)简单句的五种基本类型和练习

北京四中

撰稿老师:黄浩编审老师:蔡正礼责任编辑:丁华

简单句的五种基本类型讲解和练习

一、定义

简单句:如果句中只有一个主谓结构,而且各个成分都只由单词或短语表示,称为简单句。如:

My father goes to work at 8:00 every day. 我的爸爸每天八点钟去上班。

You can go swimming tomorrow. 你们可以明天去游泳。

They went to Beijing last week. 他们上个星期去北京了。

My mother and I like eating fish. 我和妈妈都爱吃鱼。

句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、宾语和状语等组成的,依照其组合方式,简单句为五种基本句型。

二、具体用法

(一)主语+不及物动词。如:

We work everyday.

She studies hard.

I often get up at six.

(二)主语+及物动词+宾语。如:

I often play football after class.

I like skating very much.

(三)主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

主语:动作的执行者;

谓语:说明主语做什么;

间接宾语:说明动作是对谁做的或为谁做的;

直接宾语:动作的承受者或行为的结果;

1. He gave me some chocolate.

2. She passed him the cheese

(四)主语+系动词+表语

系动词:由be动词来充当,也由一些实义动词来做系动词;

表语:说明主语是什么或怎么样,用名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词或短语来充当,和系动词一起构成谓语。表语也可以由数词、动名词不定式短语、名词来充当。

1. Liu Xiang is twenty-one

2. Lucy is clever

(五)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语

主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词

1. Good food keeps you healthy.

2. Keep the child quiet.

主语+及物动词+宾语+名词

2. She made him chairman.

主语+及物动词+宾语+副词/介词短语

1. I found you in.

2. We play basketball well.

三、习题精选

Ⅱ、口头翻译下列句子,标出句子的主语和谓语。

1. He is standing by the sea.

2. A yellow cat was sitting in the tree.

3. He often walked in the rain before.

4. They are still reading in the classroom.

5. I can write with your help.

Ⅲ、标出下列句子的直接宾语和间接宾语。

1. Can you do me a favor?

2. Lei Feng set us a good example.

3. He found me my bike.

4. Tom lent her some money.

5. I'll write you a letter tonight.

Ⅳ、标出下列句子的系动词。

1. We should keep cool.

2. When did you become a teacher?

3. How nice the meet smells!

4. KFC tastes nice.

Ⅴ、标出下列句子的宾语补足语。

1. We must keep the room clean.

2. Internet makes our life better.

3. The teacher found the boy clever.

4. They get everything ready in time.

参考答案:

Ⅰ、

1~5 ACBAC 6~10 CABCB 11~15 CACBA 16~20 BCCAA 21~25 ABACB 26~30 AACCC 31~37 DABDBBB

Ⅱ、

1. 主语he 谓语is standing

2. 主语a yellow cat 谓语was sitting

3. 主语he 谓语walked

4. 主语they 谓语are reading

5. 主语I 谓语can write

6. 主语Tom 谓语eats

7. 主语We 谓语live

8. 主语Mary 谓语is lying

9. 主语you 谓语: can swim

10. 主语my mother 谓语is waiting

11. 主语my mother 谓语drinks

12. 主语you 谓语: must exercise

13. 主语Mr. Lee 谓语is running

14. 主语the girl 谓语is dancing

15. 主语the traffic light 谓语is changing

16. 主语he 谓语surfs

17. 主语they 谓语are winning

18. 主语she 谓语was singing

19. 主语some children 谓语are playing

20. 主语it 谓语was raining

21. 主语people 谓语work

22. 主语my grandfather 谓语lived

23. 主语the plane 谓语is moving

24. 主语he 谓语can't speak

25. 主语I 谓语must go

26. 主语my uncle 谓语was drawing

27. 主语the little baby 谓语was crying

28. 主语we 谓语have to leave

29. 主语the old man 谓语may die

30. 主语we 谓语shouldn't cross

Ⅲ、

1. 直接宾语:me 间接宾语:a favor

2. 直接宾语:us 间接宾语:a good example

3. 直接宾语:me 间接宾语:my bike

4. 直接宾语:her 间接宾语:some money

5. 直接宾语:you 间接宾语:a letter

6. 直接宾语:us 间接宾语:some food

7. 直接宾语:me 间接宾语:the question

8. 直接宾语:Mr. Lee 间接宾语:a lot of questions

9. 直接宾语:him 间接宾语:the ball

10. 直接宾语:his son 间接宾语:a picture

11. 直接宾语:Tom and me 间接宾语:an interesting story

12. 直接宾语:them 间接宾语:a nice supper

13. 直接宾语:us students 间接宾语:an English song

14. 直接宾语:us 间接宾语:another pair

15. 直接宾语:them 间接宾语:Chinese

16. 直接宾语:the dog 间接宾语:some food

17. 直接宾语:Tom 间接宾语:some cheese

18. 直接宾语:me 间接宾语:a dictionary

19. 直接宾语:her 间接宾语:a kite

20. 直接宾语:us 间接宾语:some ice cream

Ⅳ、

1. should keep

2. become

3. smells

4. tastes

5. turn

6. gets

7. goes 8. sounds

9. look 10. feel

11. is 12. were

13. will be 14. is

15. must be 16. will be

17. can't be 18. was

19. are 20. will be

Ⅴ、

1.clean

2. better

3. clever

4. ready

5. open

6. weak or strong

7. a secret

8. captain of the ship

9. a good student 10. Jane 11. at home 12. at home 13. at work 14. in 15. away

16. back 17. outside 18. unhappy 19. Billy 20. happy

简单句的五种基本句型教案

教学讲义

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英语简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 1)简单谓语: We study for the people. 2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式短语) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如:We make him our monito r(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him David.(名词) They painted(涂漆) their boat white.(形容词) Let the fresh(新鲜的) air in.(副词) You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语) We saw her entering the room.(现在分词) We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语) 6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 He is a new student. 但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room/over there/ is mine. Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词) China is a developing(发展中) country; America is a developed(发达) country.(分词)

初中英语简单句的5种基本类型

英语中的五种基本句型姓名______________ 为什么又要分词类,又要分句子成分呢?词类和句子成分是不同的概念。同一个词类可以在句中充当不同的成分,同一个句子成分也可以由不同的词类来担任。 那么什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。 现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有六种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。注意:汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多,实际上有不少差别。例如: (1) Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home. 小李回家后, 立刻就睡觉了。 (2) I'll go when I have had my dinner. 我吃了饭就去。 在英语中,同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略,必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都表示出来。而在汉语中,同一个主语在句中第二次出现时,就可以省略。如例(1)中,汉语说“小李回家后立刻就睡觉了”,省去了第二个分句的主语,倒可以避免造成误解。若将第二次出现的主语补出来,说成“小李回家后,他立刻就睡觉了”。听的人反而可能把那个“他”误会成另一个人。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 基本句型一:S+Vi (主+谓) 基本句型二:S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾) 基本句型三:S+LinkV+P(主+谓+表) 基本句型四:S+Vt+InO +DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五:S+Vt+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一:S+Vi (主+谓) 此句型有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 SVi (不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining. 1. 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 2. 月亮升起了。 3. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 3.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 4. Who │cares? 4. 管它呢? 5. What he said│does not matter. 5. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 6. They │talked for half an hour. 6. 他们谈了半个小时。 基本句型二S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾) 此句型的共同点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。 S│Vt(及物动词)│O(宾语) 1. Who │knows │the answer? 1. 谁知道答案? 2. She │thanked │her mother. 2. 她感谢了她的母亲。 3. He │is making │a cake. 3. 他正在做蛋糕。 4. He │enjoys │reading. 4. 他喜欢看书。 5. They │ate │what was left over. 5. 他们吃了剩饭 6. He │said │"Good morning." 6. 他说:“早上好!” 7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 7. 我想喝杯茶 8. He │watches │TV. 8. 他看电视。

英语简单句的五种基本句型

英语简单句的五种基本句型 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚: 主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。

? 2). 8). 3)4)〕, 7)8),〕等。 2.S十 需和 1. 来 来);?taste?(尝起来),等。? 2.表示主语进入某种状态或变得具有某种性质。这类词常见的有:become?(成为,变得);?get?(逐 渐变得);?grow?(渐渐变得);?turn?(变成),等。? 3.表示主语保持某种状态或继续具备某种性质。这类词常见的有:keep?(保持,继 续);?remain?(依然,仍然);?stay?(停留,保持下去),等。例如? 1).It?looks?much?better?now.?? 2).The?trees?turn?green.? 3).OK.?Listen,?that’s?the?bell.? 4).He?is?our?English?teacher.? 5).Everyone?is?here,?but?Jim’s?away.?

6).He?is?at?the?cinema.? 7).It?looks?like?a?chicken.? 8).His?wish?was?to?become?a?teacher.? 9).Seeing?is?believing.? 10).That?book?is?very?interesting.? 11).Wei?Hua’s?pen?was?broken? 12).That’s?why?I?was?late?for?class.? 表语用来表示主语的身份、状态或性质。能在句中作表语的有形容词〔例1)2)〕,名词〔例3)4)〕,副词〔例5)〕,介词短语〔例6)7)〕,不定式短语〔例8)〕,动词-ing形式〔例9)10)〕,过去分词〔例11)〕,从句〔例12)〕,等。? 3.S十V十O句式:?主语+及物动词+宾语??如:??? 3).I 7). 2)〕,代词〔例3 4.S十 说明: 4). ? 通常间接宾语置于直接宾语之后。这是间接宾语前需要用一个介词to或for。例如:? 1).I?wanted?to?show?it?to?you.? 2).You?mustn’t?lend?it?to?others.? 3).Please?buys?a?bottle?of?ink?for?me.? 4).Can?you?draw?a?picture?of?a?sheep?for?me????? 用to还是for取决于前面的动词。? A:bring、give、hand、leave、lend、pass、pay、return、send、teach、tell、throw、write、等动词后跟to。 B:buy,cook,do,find,get,make,play,sing,save,等动词后跟for。? 5.S十V十O十C句式??主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语??如:???

简单句的五种基本类型

一、词性的分类 词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。 1 名词noun n. student 学生teacher 老师 2 代词pronoun pron. you 你I我 3 形容词adjective adj. happy 高兴的angry 生气的 4 副词adverb adv. quickly 迅速地slowly 慢速地 5 动词verb v. run 跑like 喜欢 6 数词numeral num. three 三 7 冠词article art. a 一个 8 介词preposition prep. At/in/on 在... 9 连词conjunction conj. and 和 10 感叹词interjection interj. oh 哦 简单句的五种基本句型 请先看下列句子: He has been a teacher for ten years. He teaches in our school. He teaches English. He teaches us English. He teaches us how to learn English better. 以上句子按句型分类, 就是英语中的“简单句的五种基本句型”。其结构为: 1.主语+ 连系动词+ 表语 2.主语+ 不及物动词 3.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语 4.主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语 5.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语 英语句子千变万化, 都是由这五种基本句型演变、扩展而来。谓语动词是一切句子的核心,它后面所要求的各种成分是由动词的性质所决定的。谓语动词根据其性质分为及物动词、不及物动词和连系动词三大类;及物动词又分为单宾及物动词、双宾及物动词和复宾及物动词三种。简单句的五中基本句型就是由这几种不同类型的动词构成。 一.主语+ 连系动词+ 表语 说明:该句型一般被称为系表结构。由于连系动词所表达的意义不完整,不能单独作谓语,需和表语一起作谓语。连系动词根据其表达的意义可分为以下三种: 1. 表示主语处于某种状态或具备某种性质。这类词常见的有:be (是); look (看起来); feel (摸起来, 觉得); seem (似乎, 好像); smell (闻上去); sound (听起来); taste (尝起来), 等。 2. 表示主语进入某种状态或变得某种性质。这类词常见的有:become (成为,变得); get (逐渐变得); grow (渐渐变得); turn (变成), 等。 3.表示主语保持某种状态或继续具备某种性质。这类词常见的有:keep (保持, 继续); remain (依然, 仍然); stay (停留, 保持下去), 等。例如: 1). It looks much better now. 2). The trees turn green.

简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型 只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。简单句有五种基本句型结构: ★主语+谓语(S+V) 谓语是不及物动词,其后可加副词、介词短语等。例如: They sat together quietly. 他们静静地坐在一起。 The meeting begins at nine. 会议9点开始。 ★主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) 谓语是及物动词,宾语通常是名词、代词、动词不定式、V-ing形式等。例如: He doesn’t like the movie. 他不喜欢这部电影。 Do you know them, Li Ming? 李明,你认识他们吗? ★主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) 常见的系动词有be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, become, turn, get等,表语通常是形容词、名词、代词等。例如: Your new watch looks very nice. 你的新手表看起来很漂亮。 That sounds a good idea. 听起来是个好主意。 ★主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+InO+DO) 某些动词后的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语,如:give, lend, pass, show, send等;某些动词后的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语,如:buy, choose, cook, make, sing等。例如:Can you pass me the book? = Can you pass the book to me? 你能把书递给我吗? She sang us an English song. = She sang an English song for us. 她为我们唱了一首英语歌。★主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+OC) 这类谓语动词主要有find, keep, feel, wish, think, name, call, ask, advise, teach, want, notice 等。宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的动作或状态,通常是形容词、名词、动词不定式、介词短语等。例如: He found his new job very interesting. 他发现他的新工作很有趣。 Mr. Li asked us to write a report. 李老师让我们写一份报告。 即时操练 ( ) 2. Can you lend me your dictionary? ( ) 3. Mum is cooking in the kitchen. ( ) 4. Danny made all of us laugh.

简单句共有五种基本句型

简单句 一、1. 五种基本句型 1. S+ V 即:主语+不及物动词 My head aches. Everybody laughed. 不及物动词加一个介词后构成的动词短语可以加宾语。如:agree with lie in, work at, belong to, come across, to etc. 2、S+ V+ P 即:主语+连系动词+表语 English is very easy. He looks tired. 常见的系动词(link v. )有be, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell grow, get, fall ill / asleep, stand / sit still , become, turn etc. 3、S+ V+ O 即:主语+及物动词+宾语 She likes the flowers. Dad bought a car. 4、S+ V + INO + DO即:主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语常见的须带双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn etc. He told her the news. = He told the news to me. My father bought me a bike. = My father bought a bike for me. 5、S+ V+ O + OC 即:主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。常见的动词有find, make, leave, get ,see, etc. He told me to stay home. The smell made him sick. 说明:上述各例都简化到了最低限度,在此基础上,我们可以加上一些修饰成分使句子变得更复杂,表达更丰富的内容。如: In fact, English is very easy to teach. She likes the flowers very much. He told her the news on the home. 二、疑问句 1. 一般疑问句:Do you like reading novels? 2. 特殊疑问句: Mom is coming. What present do you expect she has got for your birthday. 3. 选择疑问句: Will you stay home or go sightseeing on National Day?

(完整word版)简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型 一、句子分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 ①简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成,其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。 ②并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。 ③复合句是由主句+从句构成。由从属连词连接,如because, if, when, while, until, after, before, as soon as等。分为名词性从句,形容词性从句(即定语从句),副词性从句(即状语从句)三大类。其中最著名的是宾语从句,定语从句和状语从句。 二、简单句的五个基本句式: ①主谓②主谓宾③主谓双宾④主谓宾补⑤主系表 主语: 句子说明的人或事物。 谓语:说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 表语:系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 宾语:1. 动作的承受者——动宾。2. 介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾。 补语:宾补,对宾语的补充。主补,对主语的补充。 判断下列句子是那种结构: 1. He is swimming. 2. It made him angry. 3. The little boy is asking the teacher questions. 4. She is young. 5. My mom bought me a beautiful gift. 6. He kept his eyes closed. 7. He told us an exciting story. 8. We must keep our classroom tidy and clean. 9. I heard the baby crying in the sitting room. 10.Can you push the window open? 11. He seemed tired. 1.主谓 2.主谓宾补 3.主谓双宾 4.主系表 5.主谓双宾 6.主谓宾补 7.主谓双宾 8.主谓宾补 9.主谓宾补10.主谓宾补11.主系表

简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本类型 简单句(Simple Sentences)就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子 ----它的结构就是这么简单,所以才叫简单句的啊! 按结构分 一个完整的简单句由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成 The man is a teacher. 主语部分谓语部分 He works hard. 主语部分谓语部分 He teaches English well. 主语部分谓语部分 哲学上说: 运动是绝对的静止是相对的 造句的关键就在于动词 一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词( 除了省略句外) 连系动词be (am is are was were) / seem / keep是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow 变得 主要动词 动词 行为动词不及物动词laugh / smile / look / listen 及物动词see / hear / drink / eat 助动词be (am / is /are / was / were) do / does / did have / has / had will / shall / be going to 辅助动词 情态动词can / may / must / shall / need could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better

表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说: 连系动词后面的就/才是表语! He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good. He looks / seems ill. The apple tastes nice. Trees turn green. Your idea sounds good. 主语连系动词表语 狗咬人。 主语谓语宾语 人咬狗。 主语谓语宾语 什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢?! 及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词: see / hear / drink / eat / … I saw him last week. We heard the bad news yesterday. They eat bread every day. He drank a glass of milk just now. 不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / … She smiled happily. They laughed loudly. 如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助: She look at the blackboard carefully. He listened to his teacher in class. They laughed at us after the match. 不及物动词 主谓结构(SV)=主语+谓语动词 The worker ran fast. The doctor listened carefully. The duck is swimming The girl dances well. 及物动词 主谓宾结构(SVO)=主语+谓语+宾语 He is playing the guitarnow. He played soccer yesterday 有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词,那就要看意思上的区别了 They fly the kites. 他们放风筝。 The kites fly in the sky . 风筝在天上飞。

简单句的五种基本句型典型例句

简单句的五种基本句型典型例句 五种基本句型结构 一、句型1:Subject (主语) +Verb (谓语) (谓语为不及物动词) The red sun rises in the east.红彤彤的太阳从东方升起来。 Lucy and Mary get up early every morning.露西和玛丽每天早上很早就起床。 His parents have worked in the company for ten years. 他的父母在这家公司工作十年了。 What he said does not matter.他说的话不重要。 They had to travel by boat.他们不得不乘船旅行。 二、句型2:Subject (主语) +Link. V(系动词) +Predicate(表语) Our English teacher is thirty years old.我们的英语老师30岁了。 The cake tastes delicious.这个蛋糕吃起来很可口。 The potatoes went bad in the field.土豆在地里就坏了。 They seemed very happy together.他们在一起好像很幸福。 It gets colder and colder.天气越来越冷了。 The leaves have turned yellow. 树叶已经变黄了。 三、句型3:Subject(主语) +Verb (谓语)(谓语为及物动词)+Object (宾语) He put the dictionary in the backpack. 他把词典放进了背包里。 I saw her just now and she was doing her homework in the classroom.我刚 才看到她了,她正在教室做作业。 They haven’t decided when and where to hold the party. 他们还没有决定什么时候、在哪儿举办这次聚会。

简单句的五种基本类型

.英语中的五种基本句型 为什么又要分词类,又要分句子成分呢?词类和句子成分是不同的概念。同一个词类 可以在句中充当不同的成分,同一个句子成分也可以由不同的词类来担任。 那么什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一 定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词 组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。 英语的基本成分有六种: 主语(subject、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute状语(adverbial)。 注意:汉语与英语就句子成分表面上看来差不多,实际上有不少差别。例如: (1) Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home. 小李回家后, 立刻就睡觉了。 (2) I'll go when I have had my dinner. 我吃了饭就去。 在英语中,同一个主语在第二次出现时不能省略,必须把每个谓语所陈述的对象都 表示出来。而在汉语中,同一个主语在句中第二次出现时,就可以省略。如例 (1)中,汉语说“小李回家后立刻就睡觉了”,省去了第二个分句的主语,倒可以避免造成误解。若将第二次出现的主语补出来,说成“小李回家后,他立刻就睡觉了”。听的人反而可能把那个“他”误会成另一个人。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握 这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 基本句型一: S+Vi (主+谓) 基本句型二: S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾) 基本句型三: S+LinkV+P(主+谓+表) 基本句型四: S+Vt+InO +DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五: S+Vt+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一: S+Vi (主+谓) 此句型有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不 及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 SVi (不及物动词) 1. The sun was shining. . 太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon rose. . 月亮升起了。 3. We all breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 4. Who cares? . 管它呢? 5. What he said does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 6. They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 基本句型二 S+Vt+O(主+谓+宾)

简单句的五种基本句型

2017年中招考试 英语基础知识(语法系列)系统总结与练习:简单句的五种基 本句型 其考查重点为: 1、简单句的反意疑问句 2.复合句的反意疑问句 3.祈使句的反意疑问句 【考点】 一、对疑问句的考查 一___________do you usually fly kites? 一In the park.[北京市] A Why B.How C When D.Where [答案]D。[解析]考查疑问副词。回答:“在公园”可知上句一定是“你通常在哪里放风筝?” park表地方,故选D。 1、---The blue jacket looks nice on you. _________is it? ---It's 50 dollars. [吉林省] A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often 2、---________? ---He is tall. [陕西省] A. How is he B. What does he like C. What is he D. What does he look like 3、–Sandy ,_________are you going for vacation? --To Hainan Island. I prefer lying on the beach. [太原市] A. where B. when C. what 4、-- ________will your Dad be back from Dalian? --In a week, I think.[吉林省] A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How far 5、--______ are you talking about? -- The Olympic Games in Beijing. A. What B. Whom C. How D. Where (杭州) 一、对反意疑问句的考查 【考例】The air is fresh outside. Let's go and take a walk, _________?[昆明市] A. will you B. shall we C. don't you D. aren't you [答案]B。[解析] 这是一个let's引导的祈使句,表示建议,这样的句子在构成反意疑问句时,在句末加shall we,所以B项正确。 1、There is some water in that bottle, isn't ________?[兰州市] A. there B. it C. that 2、——Few well-known singers came to the concert,did they? 一__________.Such as Andy Lau,Jay Chou and Kristy Zhang.[黄冈市] A.No,they didn't B.Yes,they did C No,they did D.Yes,they didn't 二、对祈使句的考查 祈使句是简单句中的一种类型,通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气,在口语中十分常用。祈使句的用法是近几年来各类中考试卷中常考的热点。现结合高考题,对几种考点作以归纳。 --_________kind girl Nancy is! --Yes, she is always ready to help others. [南京市]

简单句的五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型 简单句是英语中的基本句子,了解和掌握这五种基本句型对学好英语极为重要。这五种基本句型是: 1.主语+不及物动词(主谓结构) 本结构是由主语加不及物动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。此句型中不及物动词的常用法: (1)一般表达型。此类不及物动词常与表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用。 如:They worked day and night. 他们夜以继日地工作。 (2)主动形式表示被动含义型。此类动词常见的有:read, sell, wash, write, clean 等。 如:The theatre tickets sold well. 戏票很畅销。 This kind of cloth washes well.这种布料很容易洗。 2.主语+系动词+表语(主系表结构) 本结构是由"主语+系动词+表语"组成,主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。此句型中常见的系动词:be, become, come, get, smell, taste, feel, sound, remain, stay, appear, go, turn, fall, keep等。 (1)主语+系动词+形容词(作表语) 如:That argument sounds reasonable. 那个论据听起来有道理。 It feels good to be home. 在家的感觉真好。 (2)主语+系动词+名词(作表语) 如:Later he became a scientist. 他后来成为一个科学家。 He is a student. 他是个学生。 (3)主语+系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词(作表语) 如:He is near. 他在附近。 This is of importance. 这很重要。 You’re not looking yourself today. 今天你看上去气色不太好。 3. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾结构) 此结构是由"主语+谓语+宾语"构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词(短语),宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。 (1)主语+及物动词+名词或代词(作宾语) 如:He raised his arms above his head. 他把手臂举过头顶。 Will you spend your holidays abroad this year? 你今年去国外度假吗? (2)主语+及物动词+动名词(作宾语)。此类及物动词(短语)有:advise, consider, avoid, mind, miss, suggest, finish, practise, imagine, enjoy, delay, escape, feel like, put off, insist on, give up, can’t help, stick to等。 如:I suggested taking a walk. 我建议去散步。 You should not give up studying. 你不该放弃学习。 (3)主语+及物动词+不定式(作宾语)。此类及物动词有:afford, agree, ask, expect, hope, want, wish, manage, pretend, decide, determine, learn, offer, plan, refuse等。 如:I hope to go to college. 我希望上大学。 The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. 公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。

英语简单句五种基本句型详解

基本句型 英语句子成分的排列顺序与汉语不同。汉语放在前面的,英语可能要放在后面;而汉语放后面的,英语可能放在前面。即使是同样一句话,如果用词不同,句中的次序也会有变化。比如,“我每天骑自行车上学”,可以表达为I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表达为 I ride to school every day. 如果用图表分析一下,我们会看得更清楚: 这三个语句除了行为者"I"的位置没有变化外,其它都发生了变化,并且由于“上学”表达方式的不同,在句中的位置也发生了变化。 句子成分详解一览表及巧记口诀

句子成分学记口诀 主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无。 一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分: 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. His job is to train swimmers. 5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 6. His wish is to become a scientist. 7. He wants to finish the work in time. 8. Tom came to ask me for advice(建议).

9. He found it important to master English. 10. Do you have anything else to say? 11. Would you please tell me your address? 12. He sat there, reading a newspaper. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14. He noticed(注意到)a man enter the room. 15. The apples tasted sweet. 简单句的五种基本句型 基本句型一:S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词:appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise, eg: 这只小狗已经死了。_____________________________________

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