房地产开发质量管理体系

stressed that promoting the comprehensive revitalization should focus on economic construction as the central focus with, pay special attention to grasp the implementation of five development concepts, deepening reform and promoting the all-round opening up, ensuring and improving people's livelihood, strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, "five priorities", play development mix. To with new development concept measure work, and command action, and training cadres, in implement implementation new development concept in the looking for opportunities, and build highlights, and expand advantage; to full deepening reform, break bound the aspects created vitality of system mechanism obstacles; to active advance full aspects opening, participation "in the cast Russian Economic Corridor" construction; to guarantees and improved livelihood, strongly won poverty battle; to strengthening ecological civilization construction, for sustainable development reserved space, for future generations left sky blue, and to green, and water clear of better homes. We must in-depth implement implementation new development concept, insisted to economic construction for Center, firmly caught development this first priority, absorbed make construction, heart no distractions caught development, speed up development "six big industry", in-depth implementation "three big engineering", active create "two big environment", out of a article quality more high, and benefits better, and structure more excellent of transformation development of road. To strengthen ecological construction. On March 22, the deep restructuring examined and adopted the opinion on perfecting compensation mechanism of ecological protection, proposed to explore the establishment of diversified ecological compensation mechanism, progressive realization of forests, grasslands, wetlands and other areas of focus and key ecological function and other important regional ecological compensation coverage, the ecological advantages of the region will be further highlighted. We need to go green eco-building, as the essential policy, in strict accordance with the State of main function region construction requirements, careful implementation and Xiaoxing ' an mountains forest ecological protection and economic restructuring plan for the construction of sky blue, ... Acts prohibited by picking up the remaining wells in standing timber. To focus on forest resource conservation, increase the acquisition and supervision of cold storage, no buy fruit, encourage support to leading enterprises, workers ' cooperatives as a unit, the contract management of forest resources, the rational protection and utilization of resources. To work actively towards policy aimed from the level of the State Forestry Administration formulated regulations to protect forest resources as soon as possible to achieve law and regulation to protect forest resources. Should focus on forest fire prevention. Fire safety is the first priority 房地产开发质量管理体系

2009年5月15日

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a strong momentum of development. So, in the "six" on development, we must be firm in faith, go all out, perseverance, one caught in the end, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, does not reach the target will never give up. Should focus on industrial projects. Project is to accelerate the industrial development of important support and backing. Industrial project construction, my area there are few in number, small size, low level problems. This year, the project as his party has "first project", we have to work hard to project construction. Especially effective during short, catching project shall not, slow, dragging not allowed. All localities should conscientiously implement the project leadership system, timetable, roadmap, and coordinate services, tracking the whole process forward, inverted durations, speeding up progress and seek practical results. Poised to break the project build Set challenges, to accelerate the pace of preliminary formalities, the enterprises have difficulties to pull one way and also help in a timely manner to help businesses market, enhance confidence, urging work as soon as possible. To strengthen the project analysis, proper risk analysis and improve project success rates. (Specific to the XX, we still want to make good use of agricultural advantages, relying on the upper reaches of the forest in the fresh air and XXX pure water and other resources, create high-quality, high-grade green food brands, truly reflect the original character. Meanwhile, adhere to the project as the breakthrough to promote economic development around the "six industrial chain" to pay special attention to forming projects, dig potential projects, focus on key projects, actively cultivating the new leading industries and new sources of economic growth). To promote investment. More accurate professional business, and based my industrial base and resources, aimed at national industrial layout

stressed that promoting the comprehensive revitalization should focus on economic construction as the central focus with, pay special attention to grasp the implementation of five development concepts, deepening reform and promoting the all-round opening up, ensuring and improving people's livelihood, strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, "five priorities", play development mix. To with new development concept measure work, and command action, and training cadres, in implement implementation new development concept in the looking for opportunities, and build highlights, and expand advantage; to full deepening reform, break bound the aspects created vitality of system mechanism obstacles; to active advance full aspects opening, participation "in the cast Russian Economic Corridor" construction; to guarantees and improved livelihood, strongly won poverty battle; to strengthening ecological civilization construction, for sustainable development reserved space, for future generations left sky blue, and to green, and water clear of better homes. We must in-depth implement implementation new development concept, insisted to economic construction for Center, firmly caught development this first priority, absorbed make construction, heart no distractions caught development, speed up development "six big industry", in-depth implementation "three big engineering", active create "two big environment", out of a article quality more high, and benefits better, and structure more excellent of transformation development of road. To strengthen ecological construction. On March 22, the deep restructuring examined and adopted the opinion on perfecting compensation mechanism of ecological protection, proposed to explore the establishment of diversified ecological compensation mechanism, progressive realization of forests, grasslands, wetlands and other areas of focus and key ecological function and other important regional ecological compensation coverage, the ecological advantages of the region will be further highlighted. We need to go green eco-building, as the essential policy, in strict accordance with the State of main function region construction requirements, careful implementation and Xiaoxing ' an mountains forest ecological protection and economic restructuring plan for the construction of sky blue, ... Acts prohibited by picking up the remaining wells in standing timber. To focus on forest resource conservation, increase the acquisition and supervision of cold storage, no buy fruit, encourage support to leading enterprises, workers ' cooperatives as a unit, the contract management of forest resources, the rational protection and utilization of resources. To work actively towards policy aimed from the level of the State Forestry Administration formulated regulations to protect forest resources as soon as possible to achieve law and regulation to protect forest resources. Should focus on forest fire prevention. Fire safety is the first priority

目录

一、房地产开发质量管理体系的构成 (1)

（一）质量管理体系的定义 (1)

（二）质量管理体系的内容 (1)

（三）质量管理体系部门构成 (2)

二、部门职责 (3)

三、工作流程 (7)

四、项目质量管理的主要内容 (7)

五、开发质量管理相关制度 (10)

六、现场管理程序手册 (34)

七、施工过程质量控制细则 (47)

八、“质量一票否决权”的使用规定 (50)

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a strong momentum of development. So, in the "six" on development, we must be firm in faith, go all out, perseverance, one caught in the end, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, does not reach the target will never give up. Should focus on industrial projects. Project is to accelerate the industrial development of important support and backing. Industrial project construction, my area there are few in number, small size, low level problems. This year, the project as his party has "first project", we have to work hard to project construction. Especially effective during short, catching project shall not, slow, dragging not allowed. All localities should conscientiously implement the project leadership system, timetable, roadmap, and coordinate services, tracking the whole process forward, inverted durations, speeding up progress and seek practical results. Poised to break the project build Set challenges, to accelerate the pace of preliminary formalities, the enterprises have difficulties to pull one way and also help in a timely manner to help businesses market, enhance confidence, urging work as soon as possible. To strengthen the project analysis, proper risk analysis and improve project success rates. (Specific to the XX, we still want to make good use of agricultural advantages, relying on the upper reaches of the forest in the fresh air and XXX pure water and other resources, create high-quality, high-grade green food brands, truly reflect the original character. Meanwhile, adhere to the project as the breakthrough to promote economic development around the "six industrial chain" to pay special attention to forming projects, dig potential projects, focus on key projects, actively cultivating the new leading industries and new sources of economic growth). To promote investment. More accurate professional business, and based my industrial base and resources, aimed at national industrial layout- a -

stressed that promoting the comprehensive revitalization should focus on economic construction as the central focus with, pay special attention to grasp the implementation of five development concepts, deepening reform and promoting the all-round opening up, ensuring and improving people's livelihood, strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, "five priorities", play development mix. To with new development concept measure work, and command action, and training cadres, in implement implementation new development concept in the looking for opportunities, and build highlights, and expand advantage; to full deepening reform, break bound the aspects created vitality of system mechanism obstacles; to active advance full aspects opening, participation "in the cast Russian Economic Corridor" construction; to guarantees and improved livelihood, strongly won poverty battle; to strengthening ecological civilization construction, for sustainable development reserved space, for future generations left sky blue, and to green, and water clear of better homes. We must in-depth implement implementation new development concept, insisted to economic construction for Center, firmly caught development this first priority, absorbed make construction, heart no distractions caught development, speed up development "six big industry", in-depth implementation "three big engineering", active create "two big environment", out of a article quality more high, and benefits better, and structure more excellent of transformation development of road. To strengthen ecological construction. On March 22, the deep restructuring examined and adopted the opinion on perfecting compensation mechanism of ecological protection, proposed to explore the establishment of diversified ecological compensation mechanism, progressive realization of forests, grasslands, wetlands and other areas of focus and key ecological function and other important regional ecological compensation coverage, the ecological advantages of the region will be further highlighted. We need to go green eco-building, as the essential policy, in strict accordance with the State of main function region construction requirements, careful implementation and Xiaoxing ' an mountains forest ecological protection and economic restructuring plan for the construction of sky blue, ... Acts prohibited by picking up the remaining wells in standing timber. To focus on forest resource conservation, increase the acquisition and supervision of cold storage, no buy fruit, encourage support to leading enterprises, workers ' cooperatives as a unit, the contract management of forest resources, the rational protection and utilization of resources. To work actively towards policy aimed from the level of the State Forestry Administration formulated regulations to protect forest resources as soon as possible to achieve law and regulation to protect forest resources. Should focus on forest fire prevention. Fire safety is the first priority

一、房地产开发质量管理体系的构成

（一）质量管理体系的定义

管理体系是建立方针和目标并实现这些目标的体系。质量管理体系是在质量方面指挥和控制组织的管理体系，是一个把与质量有关的组织结构、过程和资源等组织起来的有机整体，强调系统性和协调性。

（二）质量管理体系的内容

（1）组织结构质量管理体系中组织结构是指企业为实现质量管理目标，在相应的管理工作中进行分工协作，在职务范围、责任、权力方面所形成的结构体系。组织结构的本质是员工的分工协作关系。这个结构体系的内容主要包括：

●职能结构即完成成本管理目标所需的各项业务工作及其关系，

包括机构设置、业务分工及相互关系。

●层次机构又称组织的纵向结构，即各管理层次的构成。在成本

管理工作中，管理层次的多少，表明企业组织结构的纵向复杂程度。宜设置为3-4个层次，即：公司层次（分公司）项目层次，岗位层次。

●部门机构又称组织的横向结构，即各管理部门的构成。与质量

管理相关的部门主要有党政工团、计财、审计、技术、人事、管理、劳动物资、生产及负责企业制度建设工作的部门。

●职权机构即各层次、各部门在权力和责任方面的分工及相互关

系。由于与质量管理相关的部门较多，在纵向结构上层次也较多，因此，在确定质量管理的职权结构时，一定要注意权力要有层次，职责要有范the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

strong momentum of development. So, in the "six" on development, we must be firm in faith, go all out, perseverance, one caught in the end, convinced that Castle is not relaxed, does not reach the target will never give up. Should focus on industrial projects. Project is to accelerate the industrial development of important support and backing. Industrial project construction, my area there are few in number, small size, low level problems. This year, the project as his party has "first project", we have to work hard to project construction. Especially effective during short, catching project shall not, slow, dragging not allowed. All localities should conscientiously implement the project leadership system, timetable, roadmap, and coordinate services, tracking the whole process forward, inverted durations, speeding up progress and seek practical results. Poised to break the project build Set challenges, to accelerate the pace of preliminary formalities, the enterprises have difficulties to pull one way and also help in a timely manner to help businesses market, enhance confidence, urging work as soon as possible. To strengthen the project analysis, proper risk analysis and improve project success rates. (Specific to the XX, we still want to make good use of agricultural advantages, relying on the upper reaches of the forest in the fresh air and XXX pure water and other resources, create high-quality, high-grade green food brands, truly reflect the original character. Meanwhile, adhere to the project as the breakthrough to promote economic development around the "six industrial chain" to pay special attention to forming projects, dig potential projects, focus on key projects, actively cultivating the new leading industries and new sources of economic growth). To promote investment. More accurate professional business, and based my industrial base and resources, aimed at national industrial layout- 1 -

围，分工要明确，关系要清晰，防止责任不清楚造成相互扯皮推诱，影响管理职能的发挥。

（2）具体程序程序是为进行成本管理活动所规定的途径。这个“途径”应该是最简捷的途径。程序一般应形成文件，称为“程序文件”。编制书面的或文件化的程序，其内容通常包括：活动的目的、范围、职责、权限和工作程序；在工作程序中又要规定：做什么?谁来做?何时、何地做?如何做?使用什么材料、设备和文件做?做到什么程度?如何对活动进行控制和记录。

（3）过程和资源质量管理是贯穿整个发开过程而发生的一个动态过程，需要全员参与。

（三）质量管理体系部门构成

图1-1 ****房地产有限公司组织机构图

图1-2 房地产开发组织结构图

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

二、部门职责

公司办公室：

1、负责对公司会议精神和领导指示贯彻落实情况进行督办检查与协调，协助公司党政领导联系、传达、组织、协调、督促、处理各项日常工作事务；

2、负责公司各类文件资料、档案资料的收集、归档、保管、使用，维护档案安全，完成档案管理检查升级达标工作；

管理部：

１、负责公司各部门/各单位间信息的交流，并负责与相关方的沟通联络；负责公司信息化系统建设与管理；负责公司系统网站管理；负责公司局域网建设、管理及维护工作，组织实施办公自动化工作，并负责办公自动化设备的维护、检修工作；

２、负责公司的一体化管理体系运行；负责公司管理流程、管理标准的制定与完善；负责公司管理规章制度的完善，建立完整的管理体系；负责公司质量管理体系建设及质量认证相关工作；督促、协助下属公司制定与公司相应的各项管理制度，包括工作标准、工作责任、业务流程、协作关系、考核办法等，使各项管理工作逐步纳入标准化、规范化的管理轨道；

３、负责收集与一体化管理体系控制活动有关法律法规和其他要求，确认其适用性；

４、负责组织贯彻落实安全环保等有关法规和政策及管理标准，负责合规性评价。

５、协调、指导所属单位的质量、安全环保监督管理和重大质量、安全环保改进活动；

６、负责公司整体管理运行的监控工作，负责公司内部审核与管理评审的组织工作。

７、负责一体化管理体系策划的控制，研究公司的职能、职权划分，协调各部门之间的工作关系，提出组织机构的设置和调整方案；

８、负责对公司各职能部门履行管理职责的情况和效果进行评审、考核；

人力资源部：

１、负责组织全体员工的培训工作，制定培训计划并组织实施，建立培训档案做好培训记录；

２、负责公司员工的招聘、录用、调配工作；负责各二级单位之间员工流动的审批工作，并办理有关手续。对各二级单位的人事调配、培训、劳动工资管理等工作起协调、服务、监督与管理作用。

３、负责公司员工专业技术资格评审的初审、报送手续和专业技术职务的考核及聘任工作。负责办好特种作业人员的培训、发证、复审工作.

市场开发部

１、根据公司发展需要，进行房地产开发的市场调研，为确定公司房地产开发的投资策略和投资计划提供依据；

２、房地产市场的信息收集、整理、分析与反馈，投资机会研究，市场拓展和新项目酝酿，资源搜索；房地产开发项目策划和项目的可性行分析，包括选址看地、组织开展技术、经济、社会全方位可行性分析；

３、房地产开发项目全过程的跟进与监控管理，保证项目策划意图的the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

实施；包括参与项目规划方案设计和产品设计，参与企业形象宣传和品牌推广、参与制定物业管理方案；

４、根据公司的营销方针和目标，审核开发楼盘和其他房地产项目的营销策划方案；

５、组织进行开发楼盘价格的拟定；销售管理制度的拟定与实施

监控和协调销售网络和销售团队的建设与管理；

６、负责对供方（物资和外包）进行评定，做好评定（招标过程）记录，建立合格供方名录；

７、负责制定采购计划,并实施采购；

８、负责对采购物资进货检验，对不合格物资进行处置；保证采购环保型材料。

技术工程部

１、技术工程部负责公司房地产开发的技术、成本、质量、工程（含项目管理）归口管理工作。负责新开发项目“三同时”相关技术监管工作。

２、审核分公司提供的项目规划和建筑设计任务书、开发建设标准、设计合同，提出相应的意见和建议。

３、按照项目策划书的要求审批规划和建筑设计任务书，对选择的设计单位进行审查确认，负责核查分公司审查的方案、规划和建筑设计图纸、施工图纸。

４、参与项目重点环节的管理与控制，对重大设计变更、重大工程专业进行协调工作。对重大工程事故及工程技术问题提出处理方案。

５、负责二级单位水、电、暖、动力技术方案的审核，参与设备选型

采购与招投标、合同签订、验货与安装调试、竣工验收等过程。

６、负责重大项目水电暖动方案的调研。

７、对在建工程质量进行检查。

开发分公司：

１、贯彻执行公司管理方针、管理目标，制定本单位的管理目标

２、按照公司《管理手册》要求，建立健全本单位的管理体系并保持有效运行；

３、对所承担的业务范围内的开发、服务和产品的质量负责；

４、负责质量目标、计划的贯彻与实施

５、负责施工过程中质量管理各项工作

置业公司：

１、贯彻执行公司管理方针、管理目标，制定本单位的管理目标

２、按照公司《管理手册》要求，建立健全本单位的管理体系并保持有效运行；

３、对所承担的业务范围内的开发、服务和产品的质量负责；

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

三、工作流程

见图

四、项目质量管理的主要内容

（一）决策阶段的质量管理

此阶段质量管理的主要内容是在广泛搜集资料、调查研究的基础上研究、分析、比较，决定项目的可行性和最佳方案。

（二）施工前的质量管理

施工前的质量管理的主要内容是：

1.对施工队伍的资质进行重新的审查，包括各个分包商的资质的审查。如果发现施工单位与投标时的情况不符，必须采取有效措施予以纠正。

2.对所有的合同和技术文件、报告进行详细的审阅。如图纸是否完备，有无错漏空缺，各个设计文件之间有无矛盾之处，技术标准是否齐全等等。应该重点审查的技术文件除合同以外，主要包括：

(1)审核有关单位的技术资质证明文件；

(2)审核开工报告，并经现场核实；

(3)审核施工方案、施工组织设计和技术措施；

(4)审核有关材料、半成品的质量检验报告；

(5)审核反映工序质量的统计资料；

(6)审核设计变更、图纸修改和技术核定书；

(7)审核有关质量问题的处理报告；

(8)审核有关应用新工艺、新材料、新技术、新结构的技术鉴定书；

(9)审核有关工序交接检查，分项、分部工程质量检查报告；

(10)审核并签署现场有关技术签证、文件等。

3．配备检测实验手段、设备和仪器，审查合同中关于检验的方法、标准、次数和取样的规定。

4．审阅进度计划和施工方案。

5．对施工中将要采取的新技术、新材料、新工艺进行审核，核查鉴定书和实验报告。

6．对材料和工程设备的采购进行检查，检查采购是否符合规定的要求。

7．协助完善质量保证体系。

8．对工地各方面负责人和主要的施工机械进行进一步的审核。

9．做好设计技术交底，明确工程各个部分的质量要求。

10．准备好简历、质量管理表格。

11．准备好担保和保险工作。

12．签发动员预付款支付证书。

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

13．全面检查开工条件。

（三）施工过程中的质量管理

1．工序质量控制包括施工操作质量和施工技术管理质量。

(1)确定工程质量控制的流程；

(2)主动控制工序活动条件，主要指影响工序质量的因素；

(3)及时检查工序质量，提出对后续工作的要求和措施；

(4)设置工序质量的控制点。

2．设置质量控制点对技术要求高，施工难度大的某个工序或环节，设置技术和监理的重点，重点控制操作人员、材料、设备、施工工艺等；针对质量通病或容易产生不合格产品的工序，提前制定有效的措施，重点控制；对于新工艺、新材料、新技术也需要特别引起重视。

3．工程质量的预控

4．质量检查包括操作者的自检，班组内互检，各个工序之间的交接检查；施工员的检查和质检员的巡视检查；监理和政府质检部门的检查。具体包括：

(1)装饰材料、半成品、构配件、设备的质量检查，并检查相应的合格证、质量保证书和实验报告；

(2)分项工程施工前的预检；

(3)施工操作质量检查，隐蔽工程的质量检查；

(4)分项分部工程的质检验收；

(5)单位工程的质检验收；

(6)成品保护质量检查。

5．成品保护

(1)合理安排施工顺序，避免破坏已有产品；

(2)采用适当的保护措施；

(3)加强成品保护的检查工作。

6．交工技术资料主要包括以下的文件：材料和产品出厂合格证或者检验证明，设备维修证明；施工记录；隐蔽工程验收记录；设计变更，技术核定，技术洽商；水、暖、电、声讯、设备的安装记录；质检报告；竣工图，竣工验收表等。

7．质量事故处理一般质量事故由总监理工程师组织进行事故分析，并责成有关单位提出解决办法。重大质量事故，须报告业主、监理主管部门和有关单位，由各方共同解决。

（四）工程完成后的质量管理

按合同的要求进行竣工检验，检查未完成的工作和缺陷，及时解决质量问题。制作竣工图和竣工资料。维修期内负责相应的维修责任。

五、开发质量管理相关制度

（一）、工程项目质量管理制度

1．总则

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

工程项目质量管理的目的是，为项目的用户(顾客、项目的相关者等)提供一个高质量的工程和服务，令顾客满意，关键是过程和产品的质量都必须满足项目目标。项目质量管理过程和目标适用于所有项目管理职能和过程，还包括项目决策的质量、项目计划的质量、项目控制的质量等。

项目质量管理的主要对象是工程质量，它是一个综合性的指标，包括如下几个方面：

（1）工程投产运行后，所生产的产品(或服务)的质量，该工程的可用性、使用效果和产出效益，运行的安全度和稳定性；

（2）工程结构设计和施工的安全性和可靠性；

（3）所使用的材料、设备、工艺、结构的质量以及它们的耐久性和整个工程的寿命；

（4）工程的其它方面，如外观造型、与环境的协调，项目运行费用的高低以及可维护性和可检查性等。

2.工程质量管理的几个方面

对一般产品，顾客在市场上直接购置一个最终产品，而不介入该产品的生产过程。而工程的建设过程是十分复杂的，它的顾客(业主、投资者)必须直接介入整个生产过程，参与全过程的、各个环节的、对各种要素的质量管理。

要达到工程项目的目标，取得一个高质量的工程，必须对整个项目过程实施严格的质量控制。质量控制必须达到微观和宏观的统一，过程和结果的统一。

(1) 项目的质量控制过程

由于项目是个渐进的过程，在如图14-l所示的项目控制过程中，任何一个方面出现问题，必然会影响后期的质量控制，进而影响工程的质量目标。

(2) 工程的各个生产要素的质量控制

工程建设，是通过人工、材料、设备、方法即施工工艺(即4M)来完成分项工程，进而完成分部工程、单位工程、单项工程，以至整个工程的。质量控制必须着眼于各个要素、各个分项工程的施工，并直接渗入到材料的采购、供应、储存、使用过程中。

(3) 对生产者，各层次管理人员的控制

工程建设是通过各个项目参加单位的参与进行的，质量控制必须重视对人，及对人的工作的控制。由于项目参加者来自不同的单位，通过合同确定各自的责权利关系，各有其不同的经济利益和目标，这会影响对质量的管理能力和积极性。所以应做到：

a．认真选择任务承担者，重视被委托者的能力。无论是选择咨询公司、设计单位、施工单位和供应商，还是招聘管理人员，不仅要审查他们的资质等级，业务范围，还要审查他们的质量能力及信誉(如是否经过ISO90 00贯标)，审查他们过去工程的质量水平、技术水平和装备水平，切不可将工程任务委托给那些没有质量能力的单位、部门或人。

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

b．加强对人员的培训。对业主来说，自己招聘的各种项目管理人员及为项目运行招聘的各种操作和管理人员，都应作培训。有时还要对承包商或分包商的人员进行培训或为其培训提供帮助。

对承包商来说，各种操作人员、管理人员的上岗培训，是质量保证的前提。通过培训增加项目技术知识，以防止出现施工、操作、保养、维修方面的问题。

c．正确的引导。通过合同、责任制、经济奖励等手段激发人们对质量控制的积极性。

在工程过程中，所有项目参加者都应具有质量意识。这里不仅是指重视质量，而且应具备质量管理的知识和经验。

人的问题是质量问题的主要原因，甚至有许多本属于技术、管理、环境等原因造成的质量问题，最终常常还是归结到人的身上。

3.质量和费用的关系

质量和费用是直接联系的，但这里的费用已不局限于建设期费用了，而是指整个工程生命期的费用。在项目策划时必须对项目的可用度和费用作权衡和决策。对一个工程评标，不能一味追求低的报价或将任务委托给报价过低的承包商。

4.工程质量控制的几个影响因素

按照实际工作的统计，质量问题的原因主要出现在如下几个方面：

设计的问题40．1％

施工责任29．3％

材料问题14．5％

使用责任9．0％

其它7．1％

当然还可以采用结构分析方法研究更细的原因。这样从总体上看，设计、施工、材料、使用是造成质量问题的根本原因，进行质量控制同样必须从这几个方面着手。

5.工程项目的质量体系的建立

建立项目的质量体系中应符合如下基本要求：

(1) 最重要的是满足业主、顾客和其他利益相关者的明确的和隐含的需要，使他们满意；

(2) 规划好的一系列互相关联的过程来实施项目，包括项目实施过程和项目管理过程。

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

(3) 通过严密的全方位的控制保证过程和产品的质量都满足项目的目标。

(4) 项目经理必须创建良好的质量环境，包括：

建立项目管理组织机构，以满足项目目标；

依据数据和有关事实根据的信息作决策；

进行开展评价，并将其结果用于质量评价；

项目的质量体系应为参加项目的所有人员了解并贯彻到每个人的工作中，使他们都参与保证项目过程和项目产品的质量工作中；

与承包商、供应商和其他项目参加者建立互利的双赢关系。

(5) 质量体系应有自我持续改进的功能，项目经理应负责持续改进工作：

a. 应指定有质量能力和资质的人员实施、监测及控制质量过程，实施纠正和预防措施，并向他提供必要技术支持。

b. 对项目所属的企业，上层管理者应不断从以前的工程经验中寻求项目各过程质量管理的改进和不断完善，不能将一个项目和项目管理看作一个孤立的过程。应建立信息系统,收集、分析各个项目实施信息，以持续地改进企业管理过程，形成大的循环。

c. 项目组织负责不断地改进自己的过程和活动的质量，应有自身工作评定、内部审核及可能的外部审核作过程，并对此安排所需的时间和资源。

d. 质量体系应根植于项目组织中, 应当是项目管理体系的组成部分。

e. 项目组织应尽可能采用项目所属的企业组织的质量体系和程序，必要时，可修改，这最容易为上层系统接受。

f．应确定项目整个过程中的质量惯例，如文件化、验证、记录、可追溯性、评审和审核要求。并建立项目信息的收集、存贮、更新及检索系统，确保有效利用这些信息。

g．为了控制项目的质量，应在项目过程中应按照项目的进展状况评价项目达到质量目标的程度。评价过程又是促进改进项目质量的机会。

1) 应评定质量计划的适宜性及实施的工作符合质量计划的程度。为了保证工程质量，进度、项目过程、成本花费应是协调的。应确定和评价对项目目标可能产生不利影响的偏离及风险。

2) 对工程质量的评价应由项目经理负责，包括实施者，并吸收其他利益相关者参与。

3) 项目的计划和实施方案中应包括质量的评价目的、评价过程、评价准则及每次评价的要求，并给以足够的时间，以进行度量和评定。项目实施过程中应确保项目这些工作按计划、按照标准进行和结束，并将评价结果纪录编辑成册，按规定时间保存。

4) 评价结果应及时反馈在后期工作上，确保相应的人员及时获得信息，及时采取措施，应明确职责。在项目结束时应对项目的运作进行全面评价。应考虑项目过程中的所有有关记录，考虑业主或顾客及其他利益相关者的反馈意见，编写相应的评价报告，重点突出能为其他项目利用的经验。

6. 工程质量控制中应注意的问题

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a

工程项目管理工作中有如下几个问题必须引起注意的：

(1) 工程项目管理不是追求最高的质量和最完美的工程，而是追求符合预定目标的，符合合同要求的工程。工程质量是按照工程使用功能的要求设计的，它是经过与工期、费用优化后确定的，符合工程的整体效益目标。如果追求高质量就会损害其它两个目标，而最终会损害工程整体效益。无论谁提出变动工程质量时一定要先顾及另两个方面。

同时在符合项目功能、工期和费用要求的情况下，又必须追求尽可能地提高质量，不出质量事故，保证一次性成功，通过质量管理避免或减少损失和错误。

(2) 要减少重复的质量管理工作。具体分部工程(工作包的任务)由承包商、实施负责人完成的，这些企业或部门中应有专门从事生产和技术管理的人员，他们应有具体的质量管理工作。这些企业有完备的质量管理系统，它是属于企业内部的领导、协调、计划、培训和组织的任务，实施负责入应负责这些工作，这属于合同内的工作，而项目管理者不必再具体地重复这些工作(除了发现重大问题)，但他必须监督各参加单位在任他们负责的范围内用适当的措施、工具和方法来解决质量保证问题。当然也包括对实施中的质量管理工作提供帮助、解答，并积极介入，但如果存在质量问题仍由实施者负责。实践证明，在许多大项目，特别是多层次承(分)包的项目中，质量管理的重复工作现象是普遍存在的，这将导致管理人员的浪费、费用的浪费、时间的延长和信息的泛滥。

(3) 不同种类的项目，不同的项目部分，项目管理进行质量控制的深度不一样，例如：

对技术复杂设施设备要求较高的，质量重于一切。质量控制对于项目管理者来说比成本控制还重要，项目管理中必须设置专门的质量保证措施和组织。

对一些项目中的特殊部分，如超平地面、门窗外墙装修，则应有细致严密地质量控制。

对有些项目，特别是合作方要介入质量管理的，则项目管理必须提供协调，如安排并协助检查、整理并提交报告等。在这里项目管理常常要为质量保证服务。

对一些新的开发型研究项目，没有或很少有现存的质量标准和管理方法，则项目管理者必须寻找出新的质量管理方法，自己必须直接参与具体的质量管理。

(4) 质量管理是一项综合性的管理工作，除了工程项目的各个管理过程以外还需要一个良好的社会质量环境，最主要的有：

1) 企业的基础管理工作，如标准化工作、质量管理教育、职员的质量意识、信息工作等；

2) 整个社会的价值观念，企业的品牌形象.

(5) 注意合同对质量管理的决定作用。一方面要利用合同达到对质量进行有效的控制，同时又要在合同范围内进行质量管理，超过合同范围则会导致赔偿问题：

l) 合同中对质量要求的说明文件，如图纸、规范，工作量表等应正确、清楚、详细、没有矛盾、应给各方面一个清晰的质量目标。应有定量化的、可执行、可检查的指标，防止质量问题争执。

the first responsibility of the forest, 26th spring area has fully deployed to the fire, has now entered the fire, we have to be on duty, and defend. Determined to overcome paralysis, must not "Twelve-Five" no fires in the past, the reduced requirements during the period. To apply strictly the party with the responsibility, must shoulder the responsibility of the Party Secretary in particular, really practice pipes, it can never shuaishouzhanggui, be sure to layer the implementation falls fire responsibility, to ensure that no major forest fires. To adhere to balanced, correctly handle the relationship between fire and project construction, industrial development, to "never miss or two." Second, to speed up the development of six major industries. Promote development in our region, the key is to give full play to resource advantage to build eco-oriented "big six" system, to create the new engine of economic growth. Firm confidence. Practice has proved that the "big six" of both central and provincial requirements, and meet the actual da hinggan mountains, through active efforts have been showing a