十年高考(2003-2013)英语试题分类解析 特殊句式(倒装、反意疑问、强调、省略以及祈使)

十年高考

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2003-2013高考英语试题分类解析

特殊句式

(倒装、反意疑问、强调、省略以及祈使)

1．【2013重庆27】It was with the help of the local guide_______ the mountain climber was rescued.

A. who

B. that

C. when

D. how

【答案】B

【解析】考查强调句。强调句用来引起他人注意你所谈的内容，其结构是：“It is / was +被强调的部分+that / who +句子剩下的部分”，可译为：“正是……”或“就是……”。题中对状语with the help of the local guide强调。句意：正是有了当地导游的帮助，登山终于获救。

2.【2013辽宁26】At no time______ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.

A. they actually broke

B. do they actually break

C. did they actually break

D. they had actually broken

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒装句型。否定词或否定短语放于句首，句子用不完全倒装。句中at no time 【在任何时候都不，决不）引起句子不完全倒装，将助动词放于主语之前。根据题干时态标志词was，所以用助动词did。句意：他们从没违反规则，惩罚他们不公平。

3.【2013福建34】Not until he went through real hardship _____ the love we have for our families is important.

A. had he realized

B. did he realize

C. he realized

D. he had realized

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句型。Not…until句型的倒装句结构：Not until +从句+ 助动词+主语+谓语……；语境表明主句的时态为一般过去时态。句意：直到他经历了真正的困难他才意识到我们对爱家庭的重要性。

4.【2013湖南35】Not once _______ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.

A. occurred it

B. it did occur

C. it occurred

D. did it occur

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装。定词【短语）放于句首，句子要部分倒装，用助动词did放于主语it 之前。句意：迈克尔一次也没有想到有一天他会成为班上顶尖的学生。

【语言学习】It occurred to sb that某种想法突然出现在某人脑中

It occurred to me that few of my Chinese friends have ever heard true country music. 在我看来，我的中国朋友中几乎没有谁听到过真正的美国乡村音乐。

5.【2013湖南30】Every day _______ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.

A. read

B. reading

C. to read

D. reads

【答案】A

【解析】考查特殊句型。该句为祈使句，故用动词原形。句意：每天大声读一个谚语直到你记住它。

6.【2013江西25】Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _______ to him again.

A. I will speak

B. will I speak

C. do I speak

D. I speak

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装。Only+ 状语【从句）放于句首，句子要进行部分倒装，即将助动词放于主语之前，故排除A、D项；根据句意可以判断应该是对于将来事情的叙述，所以助动词用will。句意：只有当他就自己的粗鲁道歉时，我才倒再对他讲话。

【语言学习】apologize 道歉，表示歉意；认错，谢罪：

She apologized for accusing him falsely.她为错误地咒骂他而道歉。

The young man apologized to the elderly lady for spilling coffee on her skirt. 年轻人为把咖啡洒在老夫人的裙子了向她道歉。

Evidently he made a public apology to everyone he’d hurt saying he wanted to do good from then on. 显然，他向所有自己曾经伤害过的人，做出了公开道歉，并且表示要从此改头换面，弃恶从善。

7.【2013江苏27】“Never for a second ,” the boy says, _______ “that my father would come to my rescue.”

A. I doubted

B. do I doubt

C. I have doubted

D. did I doubt

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装句型。否定词或否定短语位于句首时，句子要不完全倒装；句中never for a second为否定短语，句子描述过去的事情。句意：“从来没有一秒钟,” 那个男孩说,“怀疑过父亲会来救我。”

【语言学习】come to one’s rescue营救某人

I was too tired to take care of the kids but my mom came to my rescue. 我累到没有办法来照顾孩子，但是我妈妈来帮我的忙。

8.【2013新课标II卷12】Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent_______ properly in this hospital.

A. can be the patients

B. can the patients be treated

C. the patients can be treated

D. treated can be the patients

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句。Only修饰状语【副词、介词短语、或状语从句）置于句首，句子应用不完全倒装。题中将助动词can放于主语the patients之前。句意：只有医生数量增加50%的，这医院的患者才能合适地治疗。

9.【2013新课标II卷10】It was only after he had read the papers_______ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.

A. when

B. that

C. which

D. what

【答案】B

【解析】考查强调句。强调句用来引起他人注意你所谈的内容，其结构是：“It is / was +被强调的部分+that / who +句子剩下的部分”，可译为：“正是……”或“就是……”。题干可还原为：Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete only after he had read the papers。

10.【2013天津11】It was not until near the end of the letter_______ she mentioned her own plan.

A. that

B. where

C. why

D. when

【答案】A

【解析】考查强调句。强调句用来引起他人注意你所谈的内容，其结构是：“It is / was +被强调的部分+that / who +句子剩下的部分”，可译为：“正是……”或“就是……”。句意：就在信件的结尾部分，她提及到了自己的计划。

【语言学习】强调句相关的特殊结构

1．“only+状语”进行强调时，that后的句子用陈述句语序，但注意：当only修饰状语(介、副词，从句等)位于句首时，应该用部分倒装。

It was only with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued.(20004上海) Only by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. (2006浙江)

2．在“not…until”结构中，对until从句强调时，that后的句子用仍陈述句语序，但是也要注意：当“not until…”置于句首时，应该部分倒装结构。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. (NMET 92) Not until all the fish died in the river, did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. (NMET95)

3. 强调句型的否定句、一般疑问句及其特殊疑问句

强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it...that/who...? 强调句的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词＋is/was it that / who...？注意：that/who后面用陈述句语序。

Where was it that he bought the second-hand book?

Was it in 2006 when you were in college that you got to know Mike?

Why! I have nothing to confess. What is it that you want me to say?(2004上海)

4．嵌入式的强调结构，要注意这种结构中that在句中的位置和that之后的语序序问题。The question is which book it is that you want to buy. 表语从句中嵌入强调结构

I just wonder what it is that makes him so excited.(2006山东)宾语从句中嵌入强调结构

It was at the school which was named after a hero that he spent his childhood. 被强调的地点状语中嵌入了定语从句

11. 【2013上海37】_______ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.

A. To look

B. Looking

C. Having looked

D. Look

【答案】D

【解析】考查特殊句型。句中并列连词and连接两个并列句，空格处用动词原形，构成祈使句。句意：看照片，插图和标题，就可猜出文段的内容。

12.【2013上海39】Among the crises that face humans _______ the lack of natural resources.

A. is

B. are

C. is there

D. are there

【答案】A

【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：自然资源的缺乏是人类面临的危机之一。句子主语部分the lack of natural resources有中心词为lack，所以谓语动词用单数is。题干为“表系主” 型的倒装，介词短语among the crises that face humans做表语。注意：该句不是There be句型。

【语言学习】a lack of缺乏

They felt a lack of warmth in his exceeding formal congratulatory speech. 他们感到他那过于刻板的祝词缺乏热情。

【2012江西卷32】Never before_______ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.

A．had she B．she had C．has she D．she has

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒装。否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，主句部分倒装，主句谓语不表示“过去的过去”，不能用过去完成是时，所以助动词不能用had。常见的否定词有：not, no, never, little, rarely, barely, no longer, no more, seldom, hardly, in no case, under no circumstances, at no time, by no means, in no way, not a bit, not once, nowhere等。

【2012山东卷31】—I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather.

—_______. I can’t stand all this rain.

A. I don’t care

B. It’s hard to say

C. So am I

D. I hope not

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：—我不了解你。我讨厌这种天气。—我也是。无法忍受整天像这样下雨。so放在句首表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物时，用“so＋be 或助动词或情态动词＋主语”的倒装句式。题中信息I can’t stand all this r ain与I’m sick and tired of the weather表明两人表达同样的感受，所以用so引导倒装。

【2012浙江卷19】Had they known what was coming next, they_______ second thoughts.

A. may have

B. could have

C. must have had

D. might have had

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。题设分词倒装句，正常语序为：if they had known what was coming next, they might have had second thought。从句中谓语是过去完成时是对过去事实的假设，困此主名右用would/might +have done。

【语言学习】

在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. 他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. 我要是你，就不做这事。

【2012江苏卷25】There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______?

A. is there

B. isn't there

C. is he

D. isn't he

【答案】A

【解析】考查反意疑问句。题设为带有定语从句的一个复合句。复合句的附加问句应与主句在时态与人称方面一致。根据前面there be句里含有否定意义的词little，所以反意疑问句用