(完整版)2019年中考英语知识点梳理：完形填空讲解

2019年中考英语知识点梳理：完形填空讲解

【考点扫描】

“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合使用水平的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断水平。

“完形填空”题要求填入的词主要有：

1. 语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。

2. 具有语法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。

3. 固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。

4. 同义词、近义词等易混淆词。

5. 根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。

可见，完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型。它的突出特点是起点高、容量大。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读水平及归纳判断水平，才能适合这个题型。

完形填空题的考查目的：

1. 考查同学们阅读理解水平。

2. 考查同学们语法知识。

3. 考查同学们综合使用英语知识的水平和实践水平。

【名师解难】

一、完形填空题的命题特点

完形填空题是通过阅读考查学生语言知识及语言知识综合使用水

平的一种测试形式。命题人在一段难度适度的文章中留出10个空白，

要求考生从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出一个答案，使补足的短

文意思通顺、结构完整。

完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。能够说它

是根据一篇文章所提供的情景实行的选择填空，也能够说它是在缺少

个别单词情况下的阅读理解。完形填空既有对语法规则、习惯用法和

词语搭配的考查，又有对文章内容的通篇理解。完形填空主要考查以

下三个方面的内容：

1、词汇：

此类题目考查的内容是：近义词的区别，词语的固定搭配和习惯

用法。近几年陕西省中考题中的完型填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。

2、语法：

此类题目考查的是：各种语法规则在文章中的使用。其中包括名

词的单复数，形容词、副词的比较等级，动词的时态和语态，介词、

数词、代词和连词的用法，主谓一致，各种从句的用法等。

3、结构：

此类题目考查的是：文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。

从设空的类型看可分为三个层次：

1、句子层次

2、句组层次

3、全篇层次

设空的难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到全篇层次，依次增加。

分析近几年陕西省的完形填空题，我们能够看出陕西省完形填空题的设空主要以句子层次为主，以句组层次为辅，几乎没有全篇层次题目。所以总体难度较低。

二、完形填空的解题技巧

前面我们已经分析过，完形填空是在全面理解短文基础上的选择填空。所以做“完型填空”题应遵循下列步骤：

1、通读全文，了解大意

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第4讲：副词第5讲：动词第6讲：不定式第7讲介词第8讲：连词第9讲：时态一第10讲：时态(二) 第11讲：动词语态第12讲：句子种类（一）第13讲：句子的种类(二) 讲：宾语从句14第第15讲：状语从句There be句型与中考试题第17讲ABC 被动语态复习第18讲【初中英语词组总结】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）

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