状语从句(精讲精练)分析
状语从句用法详解
一、时间状语从句
A． when, while, as, whenever;
when, while, as表示主句谓语作和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。
1．when
①when表示点时间时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示段时间时，用持续性动词。
When I got home, my family were already having dinner.我到家的时候，全家已在吃晚饭。
【注意】当when意思是正当……时候（and at that moment）时，when只能跟在前一分句之后。
He was about to go to bed when the doorbel rang. 他正要上床，忽然门铃响了。
They were watching the World Cup when suddenly the lights went out. 他们正看着世界杯比赛，突然灯灭了。They had just arrived home when it began to rain. 他们刚到家，天就开始下雨了。
2．while
①while通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。
Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。
She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper. 她在看报的时候睡着了。
②while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成……而……。
I am fond of English while he likes math. 我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。
We slept while the captain kept watch. 我们睡觉而上尉担任警戒。
③while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是虽然。
While they love the children, they are strict with them. 虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。3．as
①as表示一边……一边……，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。
They talked as they walked.他们边走边聊。
②as表示随着，此用法不用when或while替代。
As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer. 随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。
4．whenever
whenever是when的强势语，它描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。
You are always welcome whenever you come. 无论你何时来都欢迎。
Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 每当我们遇上困难的时候，他们就来帮我们。B． before, after
1．before表示在一段时间之前。
I must finish all the work before I go home. 回家之前我必须干完所有的活。
He had learned English for three years before he went to London. 他去伦敦之前已学了三年英语。
提示： before 从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到….就….；还没来得及…就……作此意时，从句中常见情态动词can/ could。
He ran off before I could stop him. 我还没来得及阻止他，他就跑掉了。
The man hung up the phone before I could answer it.我没坐多久他就回来了。
Before I could get in a word, he measured me. 我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。
【必背】before 常用句型
①It will be + 时间段+before+ 一般现在时：要等多久才…….
It will be five years before we meet again.五年以后我们才能再见。
②It won’t be long before+ 一般现在时：等不了多久就会……
It will not be long before you regret what you have done.不用过多久你就会对你所作所为感到后悔的。
③It was +时间段+before +一般过去时：等了多久就……
It was minutes before the police arrived. 过了几分钟警察才到。
④It wasn’t long before+ 一般过去时：没等多久就……
It was not long before I realized I was wrong. 不久我就意识到我错了。
【对比】
It is/ has been +时间段+since +一般过去时：自从……以来到现在已经有多长时间
It is three years since the war broke out. 战争爆发以来已有三年。
2．after表在一段时间之后。
Let's play football after school is over. 放学后我们踢足球吧。
The sun came out soon after the storm stopped. 暴风雨过后不久，太阳出来了。
C．till, until
1．until /till用于肯定句时，表示直到为止，主句必须为持续性动词。
We shall wait until till he comes back.我们将一直等到他回来。(注意它们的拼写)
Everything went well until till that accident happened.直到发生那意外之前，一切都正常。2．Not……until ……表示直到……才……，主句通常要用短暂动词
I didn't leave until she came back.直到她回来，我才离开的。
I could hardly understand the theory until my teacher explained it to me.直到老师向我解释我才理解了那个理论。
必背：①not until句型的倒装句：当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。(Not until…+助动词+主语+ 其他)
Not until she stopped crying did I leave.直到她不哭了，我才离开的。
②not until 句型的强调句：句型(It is/ was not until…….that……)
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她。D．since
since自……以来。主句中通常现在完成时，since从句一般过去时。
Where have you been since I last saw you自上次我见过你之后，你去了哪里？
Since she was young, she has been collecting stamps.她自年轻时起就一直集邮至今。
It is three years since he began to smoke.他开始抽烟到现在已三年了。
E．as soon as
as soon as...可译为一……就……，用来表示主从句的动作是紧接着发生的。
He rushed home as soon as he got the good news.他一得到这个好消息就奔回家。
【必背】一……就……还可以用on /upon doing 结构来表示。
On arriving home he called up Lester.=As soon as he arrived home, he called up Lester.他一到家就给莱斯特打电话
F．hardly …when…, no sooner…than…这两个短语都表示刚……就……，可以互换,主句通常用去完成时。
He had no sooner started out than he felt homesick.他刚出发就想起家来。
He had hardly started his speech when someone rose to refute his points.他刚开始发言,就有人站起来反驳他的论点。
【注意】当hardly（=scarcely）, no sooner 位于句子的开头时，主句须用倒装语序。
Hardly had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door woke her up. 她刚要睡着，忽然敲门声把她吵醒。
No sooner was the frost off the ground than the work began. 地上的霜一消散，人们就开始工作了。G．once
once作连词时，也相当于as soon as，但它含有的条件意味更浓，它引导的从句较短。
Once you begin, you must continue. 一旦开了头，你就应当继续下去。
Once you see him, you will never forget him. 你一旦见过他，就不会忘了他的。
1.We were swimming in the lake_____suddenly the storm started.
A.when
B.while
C.until
D.before
2.It was evening____ we reached the little town of Winchester.
A.that
B.until
C.since
D.before
3.You can eat food free in my restaurant_____you like.
A.whenever
B.wherever
C.whatever
D.however
4.Scientists say it may be five or six years______it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.
A.since
B.after
C.before
D.when
5.We told that we should follow the main road_____we reached the central railway station.
A.whenever
B.until
C.while
D.wherever
6.It is almost five years____we saw each other last time.
A.before
B.since
C.after
D.when
7.Simon thought his computer was broken______his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on.
A.until
B.unless
C.after
D.because
8.The American Civil War lasted four years_____the North won in the end.
A.after
B.before
C.when
D.then
9.--Did Jack come back early last night？
--Yes.It was not yet eight o'clock_____he arrived home.
A.before
B.when
C.that
D.until
10.“You can't have this football back_____you promise not to kick it at my cat again.”the old man said firmly.
A.because
B.since
C.when
D.until
11.I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel____I heard the steps.
A.while
B.when
C.since
D.after
12.--How long do you think it will be___China sends a manned spaceship to the moon？
--Perhaps two or three years.
A.when
B.until
C.that
D.before
13.--Why didn't you tell him about the meeting？
--He rushed out of the room____I could say a word.
A.before
B.until
C.when
D.after
二、地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever（where的强势语）
A. where
where 在……地方，去……地方
Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。
I found my books where I had left them.我的书在我原来放的地方找到了。
B. wherever
wherever在任何……地方，无论哪里
Wherever you go, you should do your work well.不论到什么地方，都要把工作做好。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
三、原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因和理由的从句。引导原因状语从句的有as, because, since, now (that), A．because因为
Because I like it, I do it. 因为我喜欢，所以我才干。
He couldn’t have seen me, because I was not there.他不可能见过我，因为当时我不在那儿。
【注意】①because等词不能与so连用。
【误】Because he was careless, so he failed in the exam.
④because后接陈述句；复合介词because of后不能直接跟that从句或者是没有引导词的从句，其后可接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。
He is here because of you (that). 他为你(那事)而来这里。
He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting. 他离开了这家公司，是因为老板在会上讲的话。
【正】I can’t do the work because of my illness.
【正】I can’t do the work because I’m ill.
B． since既然。引导的从句大多置于句首
Since you are all here, let's try and reach a decision. 既然大家都来了，咱们就设法做出一个决定吧。
C．as由于。一般多用于句首。
As he was not well enough, I had to go without him.由于他身体欠佳，我只好不带他去了。
四、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的主要连词有so that, in order that等，从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如can, could, may, might, should等。
A．so that，in order that表示为了，以便，一般放在主句之后。
They hurried so that they might not miss the train.他们为了不误火车，才急急忙忙的。
In order that everyone present might hear her clearly, she raised her voice again. 为了使在场的每个人都能听清楚，她再次提高了声音。
【注意】当主从句的主语一致时，so that和in order that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成相对应的动词不定式结构。
We got up early so that we would arrive in time. 为了能及时赶到，我们起得很早。
They hurried so that they might not miss the train.→ They hurried so as not to miss the train.
五、结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有：that, so (that), so--that, such--that等。结果状语从句通常置于主句之后。B．so...that 如此……以致……。其引导的果状语从句有如下四种结构：
1．so + 形容词/副词+ that-从句
The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.这村子太小，所以这地图上没有。
The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.风刮得那么大，我们简直寸步难行。
2．so + 形容词+ a/ an + 单数名词+ that-从句
It was so hot a day that tey all went swimming.天是那么的热以致他们都去游泳了。
He made so inspiring a speech that everybody got excited. 他发表了如此鼓舞人的演讲以致大家都很激动。3．so + many/few/much/little +复数名词+ that-从句
I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块，紫一块。
He has so few friend that he often feels lonely.他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。
He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible.昨晚他喝了那么多的酒，他觉得很不舒服。
【注意】little表示小的时候，前面用such
He is such a little boy that he can’t lift the box. 他是这么小的小小孩，提不到那个箱子
C． such... that
such...that 如此……以致……。其引导的结果语从句有如下四种结构：
1．such + a/an + 形容词+ 单数可数名词+ that-从句
Jenny is such a clever girl that all of us like her very much.詹妮是如此聪明的女孩，以至我们都非常喜欢她。2．such + 形容词+复数名词+ that-从句
He gave such important reasons that he was excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。3．such + 形容词+ 不可数名词+ that-从句
He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him.他的进步很快，老师表扬了他。
1.If you are traveling____the customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do.
A.in which
B.what
C.when
D.where
2.In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help____there is human suffering.
A.whoever
B.however
C.whatever
D.wherever
3.--Mom，what did your doctor say？
--He advised me to live____the air is fresher.
A.in where
B.in which
C.the place where
D.where
4.Parents should take seriously their children's requests for sunglasses____eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.
A.because
B.though
C.unless
D.if
5.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada，____this was a memory she especially treasured.
A.as
B.if
C.when
D.where
6.Roses need special care____they can live through winter.
A.because
B.so that
C.even if
D.as
7.I'd like to arrive 20 minutes early____I can have time for a cup of tea.
A.as soon as
B.as a result
C.in case
D.so that
8.You'd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor____you have to wait.
A.even if
B.as if
C.in case
D.in order that
9.His plan was such a good one____we all agreed to accept it.
A.so
B.and
C.that
D.as
六、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的有if, unless, so/ as long as
A.if
If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。
We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。
B．unless
unless = if not意思是如果不、除非。
They will go tomorrow unless it rains.除非明天下雨，否则他们会去的。（They will go tomorrow if it doesn't rain.）
I won't let you in unless you show me your pass.如果你不出示通行证，我就不让你进来。（= I won't let you in if you don't show me your pass. ）
C．so long as, as long as, 只要
As So long as we don't lose heart, we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的方法。
七、方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as, as if /as though等词引导。
A．as,其引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后
Do in Rome as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。
Leave things as they are. 让一切顺其自然。
Please do as you are told.请按照人家告诉你做的去做。（也可说Please do as told.）
B．as if, as though
由as if 或as though引导的状语从句可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况，用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大；也可以用虚拟语气的一般过去时或过去完成时表示与现在或过去不符的或与事实相反的情况。汉译常作\"仿佛……似的\"，\"好像……似的\"。
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）
She looks as if she is ill. 看上去她好象是生病了。
由as if 或as though引导的状语从句也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。
a. 表示与现在事实不相符，用一般过去时
The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child. 这位老师对待这位学生就像自己的亲生孩子一样。
b. 表示与过去事实不相符，用过去完成时
He looks as if （as though）he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。
c. 表示与将来事实不相符，用would/ might/ could
It looks as if it might rain. 天看上去好像要下雨。（不大可能下雨）
八、比较状语从句
比较状语从句由as, than引导。
A．as...as, the same as用于同等程度级的比较。否定句用not so/as -- as, not the same --as。
Our country is as big as the whole of Europe. 我们的国同整个欧洲一样大。
The result was not asso good as I had expected. 结果不如我预料的那么好。
She works in the same building as my sister.她和我的妹妹在同一大楼上班。
B．than
than表示不同程度级的比较
It rains mor often in Shanghai than in Beijing.上海下的雨比北京的多。
He is two inches taller than his father. = He is taller than his father by two inches.他比他爸爸高两英寸。C．the more..., the more...
这是表示比例的比较，意思是越……就越……。第一个the more 也可以看成是一个条件。
The more you read, the better you understand. 你看的书越多，你懂得就越多。（= If you read more, you will understand better.）
The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越开心。
The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them. 问题越困难，我就越可能回答。
【必背】倍数的表达法：一些常见的倍数比较句型。
①倍数+ 名词（+of +比较对象）。常用名词：age, size, width, length, depth等。
His father is double /twice his age.他爸爸的年龄是他的两倍。
Our new school is four times the size of the old one. 我们的新学校是老学校的四倍。
②倍数+as……as+ 比较对象
His father is twice /double as old as he (is).他爸爸的年龄是他的两倍。
Our new school is four times as big as the old ne. 我们的新学校是老学校的四倍大。
③倍数+形容词/ 副词比较级+than+ 比较对象
Our new school is three times bigger than the old one.我们的新学校比老学校大三倍。
The room is twice the size of that one.= The room is twice as big as that one.
The room is twice bigger than that one.
1._____you call me to say you're not coming，I'll see you at the theatre.
A.Though
B.Whether
C.Until
D.Unless
2.---What would you do if it ___ tomorrow？
---We have to carry it on，since we've got everything ready.
A.rain
B.rains
C.will rain
D.is raining
3.You must keep on working in the evening____you are sure you can finish the task in time.
A.as
B.if
C.when
D.unless
4._______you've tried it，you can't imagine how pleasant it is.
A.Unless
B.Because
C.Although
D.When
5.In time of serious accidents，____we know some basic things about first aid，we can save lives.
A.whether
B.until
C.if
D.unless
6.We won't keep winning games____we keep playing well.
A.because
B.unless
C.when
D.while
7.____environmental damages is done，it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.
A.Even if
B.If only
C.While
D.Once
8.How can you expect to learn anything______you never listen？
A.in case
B.even if
C.unless
D.when
九、让步状语从句
让步状语从句由although, though, however, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whether（是否）, no matter (who, what, etc), even if, even though等词引导。
A．although, though这两个词意思一样，都解释虽然，尽管。
Although he is young, he is very clever.他尽管年轻，但很聪明。
Though he is poor, he is happy.他虽然穷，但很快乐。
B．even if, even though即使，两者可以通用。
We won't be discouraged even if though we fail ten times.我们就是失败十次也不泄气。
Even if though you fail, you will have gained experience.纵然你失败，你也会得到一些经验。
C．no matter (who, what, where, when, etc)这几个词引导的让步状语从句语气十分强烈。
This is not true, no matter who says so. 不管谁这么说，都不对。
Do it no matter what others say.不管别人怎么说，尽管干。
No matter how bus he was, he studied English every day.不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。D．however, 在意思上和用法上都等于no matter how
However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, I'll take it.无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。F．whether...or (not) ...
whether...or (not) ...意思是不管……还是……。
Whether you believe it or not, it's true. 不管你信不信，这是真的。
G．as
连词as，同though一样，也可以引导让步状语从句，但从句中要用特殊语序。
Young as he is, he knows a lot. 他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。(= Though he is young, he?.)
Cold as it is, the children play outdoors.虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。
1. ________tomorrow，our ship will set sail for Macao.
A. However the weather is like
B. However is the weather like
C. Whatever is the weather like
D. Whatever the weather is like
2. This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it ________.
A. how much may it cost
B. no matter how it may cost
C. however much it may cost
D. how may it cost
3. He tried his best to solve the problem，________difficult it was.
A. however
B. no matter
C. whatever
D. although
4._________，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing
B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing
5. You should try to get a good night’s sleep ________much work you have to do.
A. however
B. no matter
C. although
D. whatever
6. We had to wait half an hour ________we had already booked a table.
A. since
B. although
C. until
D. before
7. ________he has limited technical knowledge，the old worker has a lot of experience.
A. Since
B. unless
C. As
D. Although
8 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，________ they knew it to be valuable.
A. as if
B. now that
C. even though
D. so that
9._________，Carolina couldn’t get the door open.
A. Try as she might
B. As she might try
C. She might as try
D. Might she as try
10._________，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a student
一、用横线划出下列句子中的状语从句，并指出是哪种状语从句：
1. Child as she is, she knows a lot of things.
2. The more I can do for the class, the happier I’ll be.
3. He talks as if (as though) he knew all about it.
4. He is such a good teacher that the students love and respect him.
5.I shall go to the park unless it rains.
6. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
7. Where there is water, there is life.
8. He studied hard so that he could catch up with his classmates.
9. Since you are very busy, I won't trouble you.
10. Even if (though) I fail. I’ll never lose heart.
11. Once you begin the work, you must continue.
12. I will find her wherever she may be.
13. Now that you've come, you'd better have dinner with us.
14. He was so excited that he couldn't fall asleep.
15. We must do everything as he tells us.
16. India is much bigger than Japan.
17. No matter when you come, you are warmly welcome.
18. As (So) long as you work hard, you can catch up with the other classmates.
即时演练：单句填空。
1.Peter was excited______ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Beijing..
2.Nancy enjoyed herself so much______ she visited her friend in Sydney last year.
3.It just isn’t fair,_______ I was working as a waiter last month, my friend were lying on the beach.
4. _____ she grew older, she became more beautiful.
5.It is almost five or six years______ we saw each other last time.
6. You’d better not leave the medicine______ kids can get at it.
7.Jack didn’t marry_______he was forty-five.
8.The plane had took off _______he arrived at the airport.
9.______ he had lived in the south for nearly 20 years, he decided to go to seek his fortune in the north.
10.Bamboo grows well _____ it has plenty of rain.
11.The engine stopped running ______ the fuel was finished.
12. There is must be no one in the house ____the door is closed.
13. We will have a picnic tomorrow _____ it rains or it’s very cold.
14.The old tower must be saved＿＿＿＿the cost is.
15.He tried his best to solve the problem,_______difficult it was.
16. “You can’t have this football back _____ you promise not to kick at my cat again,”the old man said firmly.
17. It’s known to all that ______ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep good health.
18. In time of serious accidents, ____ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.
19. ___ I were you, I would go and work there.
语篇模拟1：在下面短文空格处填入一个适当的词。
I went to the seaside to spend my holiday last summer holiday with my faily. One day, I was swimming in the river ______ someone shouted,“Look out. There is a shark not far away!”On hearing the shout, I was scared to death _______I was well aware of its dangerous characteristic. “Just don’t worry, Tom!”my father said to me.“but let's go back to our hotel and we can avoid being harmed.
We stayed in the seaside for about two weeks.______ the weather was much hotter than that in my hometown, I got used to it.Every morning,I got up earlier than my parents and went for breakfast ahead of time. Then I went to have a chat with my new friend, John,___I happened to come across during my holiday. John was a native_____ was familiar with the seaside well.He was a man with good qualification. Soon we became very good friends. _____ we parted, we have been kept writing to each other. Now, I still often hear from him. We talked in our letter about things and persons ______ we remembered in the seaside.
1. 有生命就有希望。（留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。）Where there is life, there is hope.
2. 趁热打铁Strike while the iron is hot.
3. 入乡随俗. When in Rome do as the Romans do.
4. 有志者事竟成。Where there's a will, there's a way.
5. 万事开头难All things are difficult before they are easy.
一.写作中状语从句的经典错误(讨论)
1.I didn’t give up. Because my mother often told me, "where there is a will, there is a way.”
2. She worked so hard that could catch up with others.
3.Only we keep optimistic can we succeed.
4.I was struggling for my dream, however, success didn’t come easy.
5.When he hesitating, a man came up to him.
6.He was frightened, therefore, he decided to run away as soon as possible.
7.I have a lot of good habits, for example, I often go to bed early and rise early.
二.用状语从句来优化句子结构.
1. I will not be able to meet you at the airport. I have some experiments to do that day.
2. The problem was complicated. He solved it in only two hours with a computer.
3. I was addicted to online games.And I was even absent from school.
三07 “谁是你的偶像”调查报告
根据以上数据，写一篇短文，包括以下内容：
1．调查时间、调查问题以及调查对象；
2．男女生在以明星为偶像方面的差异；
3．“父母”在男女生偶像中的排序差异；
4．男女生在以伟人为偶像方面的异同；
5．你的偶像及理由。
As for myself, Liu Wei, an armless Pianist, is my idol because he never gives up his dreams and always insists on what he enjoys.
08年基础写作
背景：射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。
1896：第一次成为奥运项目
1904：中断
1928：中断
1932：重回奥运会
1968：第一次允许妇女参加奥运射击比赛
现状：稳步发展，1896奥运会只有三项射击项目，现今有17项。
After shooting was canceled in 1904 and 1928, it returned to the Olympics in 1932.
Although shooting develops steadily now, it only includes 3 events in 1896, while 17 recently.
2020高中英语高考状语从句精讲精练
2020高考状语从句精讲精练 一．高考链接： 1.(2020北京)Leave your key with a neighbour________you lock yourself out one day. A.ever since B.even if C.soon after D.in case 答案：D句意：留一把钥匙给你的邻居以防哪天你忘了带钥匙进不了门。A、B、C三项均不符合题意，只有D项表示“以防，以免”符合逻辑，故选择D. 2.(2020天津) It is d ifficult for us to learn a lesson in life_______we’ve actually had that lesson . A.until B.after C.since D.when 答案：A句意：在亲身经历之前，我们很难去体会生活中的教训。根据题意，B、C、D项均不符合逻辑，只有A项最佳。只是对于until的考查已不再像过去那样考查not…until句型，由此题看出，对该词的考查已趋于复杂。 3.(2020上海)Pop music is such an important part of society________it has even influced our language . A.as B.that C.which D.where 答案：B句意：流行音乐是社会中如此重要的一部分以至于它影响了我们的语言。本题考查“such…that”句型，that引导结果状语从句。本题考生很可能误选A，构成“such…as”结构，但该结构中的as引导的是定语从句，而定语从句需是一个残缺的句子，it has even influence our language并不残缺，故选A项错误。4.(2020北京) He found it increasingly difficult to read,_________his eyesight was beginning to fail. A.and B.for C.but D.or 答案：B for 在此处为并列连词，解释前一句的情况。 5.(2020湖南) I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busy drying myself with a towel______ I heard the steps.
高考英语复习 状语从句讲解
状语从句一什么是状语从句 二状语从句位置 三状语从句分类 四特殊句式 五状语从句常见考点 六练一练
一什么是状语从句 状语从句是行使状语功能的从句，因为其作用相当于副词，它可以用来修饰谓语、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句通常由一个连接词或起连接词作用的词组引导。 二状语从句位置 比较灵活，有时可以放于句首，有时可以置于句末。状语从句位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 三状语从句分类
让步状语 though, although, even though, while whether ，whoever/no matter who ，whatever/ n o m atter w hat ，whenever/ no matter Even t hough y ou s ay s o, I d o n ot believe it. 比较状语 than as …as ，the more … the more The m ore I s ee him , t he l ess I l ike h im. 方式状语 as, as if , as though He t old m e e verything a s i f I w ere h is best friend. 四 特殊句式 时间状语中 A:It + b e +时间点+ w hen …… 当某事发生时是什么时候 It was 11:00 PM when he came back last night. B:It i s/has b een +时间段 + s ince …… 自从某事发生后已过了多久时间 It i s /has b een t wo y ears s ince I e ntered t he t he s enior s chool. C:It + be +时间段 + before …… 在某事发生之前需要多久时间 It was 8 years before we finally drove away the Japanese invaders. It m ight b e a l ong t ime b efore C hinese l and o n t he m oon. 让步状语从句 A: as 引导的让步状语从句， 从句的表语、状语必须前置到句首。 Short as he is, he plays basketball very well. Child as he is, he is knowledgeable. （开头 0 冠词的用法） 1 2
状语从句讲解及练习
状语从句 在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词或副词，状语 说白了就是修饰动作的词或句，也可以理解成修饰谓语的词或句。通常由副词、介词短语、 动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如： 1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call. (副词 ) 2. We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset. (介词状短语 ) 3. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day. (不定式 ) 4. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted. (过去分词 ) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句） 状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough 用作状语修饰形容词和副词时 必须后置。 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法 相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词 和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词： when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词： the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day ， the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner ? than, hardly ? when, scarcely ? when I didn ’ t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV , his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard( 果园 ) the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. When , while, as 都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。 1) When Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest. 注意点： when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be 动词时，从句主语和be 可以省略。Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher. 2) As As 除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面``` 一面”，“随着” Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面 ```一面 ) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着) 3) While 表示“当 ``` 的时候” 强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时， 从句动词必须是延续性动词。 Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused. 注意点： while 有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。 eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee. 1．until, not ? until 表示“直到 ```才” ,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。
if引导的条件状语从句讲解和练习(答案)
t 条件状语从句 一、 条件状语从句通常由 if （如果）, unless （除非），as long as （只要）引导。 例如：If it rains tomorrow, we won ’go to the park. 如果明天下雨，我们就不去公园了。 Unless weather stops me, I go for a walk every. 我每天都会去散步，除非遇上坏天气。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance as long as we try our best. 小试牛刀：1、只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _____ _____ ______ we try our best. 2、如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。______ ______ ______ _____ _______ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 二、if 引导的条件状语从句 （1）“if 从句+祈使句”的句子。其实，if 作为一个连词，主句也可以是其他形式的句子。 例如：If you want to go, please let me know. If the green light isn ’t on, wait for a minute. (2)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。 注意：A. “祈使句 + and + 陈述句”可以转化为 if 引导的肯定条件状语从句，而且主语是第二人称。 B. “祈使句 + or + 陈述句”可以转化为 if 引导的否定条件状语从句，而且主语是第二人称。 例如：Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. Hurry up, or you ’ll be late. =If you don ’t hurry up, you ’ll be late. 考题 (2010 重庆中考)Work hard ，________ you may catch up with your classmates soon. A.or B.but C.and D.yet 思路解析：本句是“祈使句＋and”的句型，句意为“努力学习，你会很快赶上其他同学的”，and 在句中表示承接 关系，所以选 C 项。答案：C 黑色陷阱：本题的陷阱是句型，本句型区别于“祈使句＋or”，这个句型的含义是“……，不然的话/否则……”。 绿色通道：祈使句后面既可以加 and ，也可以加 or ，所以要全面分析句意，再作决定。 小试牛刀：用 if 连接下列句子 1、Go to bed early and you will have a good rest. 2、Hurry up, or you ’ll miss the bus. 三、if 从句与主句具有以下特点： 1．If 从句中用一般现在时，表示未来的一种条件，从句中可以加时间状语。 e.g.If yo u can’t come tomorrow, we can hold the party a little later.明天你如果不能来，我们可迟一点举行宴会。
(完整)高中英语-状语从句练习题及答案详解
状语从句练习题 1.I had been looking for the book for two days____ I found it at last. a.until b. when c. before d. while 2.He punished his students ____ they did anything wrong. a.however b. whenever c. whatever d. whichever 3.Those passengers will wait here____ the bus arrives. a.until b. because c. though d. as 4.Hardly had we reached home ____ it began to rain. a.before b. than c. as soon as d. when 5.No sooner had we arrived at the cinema___ the film began. a.than b. before c. when d. as soon as 6.You can’t watch TV ____ you’ve finished your homework. a.since b. until c. as d. after 7.We had scarcely left our school____ the rain began. a.before b. than c. while d. when 8.We have never seen her again_____ she went to work in another city. a.when b. as c. since d. while 9.____ the fight stopped, travel across the country has been quite safe. a.Since b. When c. After d. Unless 10.They were just about to leave____ the telephone rang.
(完整版)初中条件状语从句精讲和练习含答案
初中英语：条件状语从句 一．条件状语从句的概念 条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。在英语中由连接词if或unless等 引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中），一件事 情（主句）才能发生，通常译作“假如，只要，如果”等意思。条件状语从句中，主从句的时 态要遵循“主将从现”的原则。即，主句是将来时态时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时态。 二.条件状语从句的引导词 1.If conj . 如果，假如 If you ask him，he will help you．如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam，you will let him down．如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。 2.unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候（if ...not...） You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。 3.so/as long as conj.只要 You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean. 只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。 三．关于条件句的时态，常见的有以下三种情况： 1、条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时，那么从句常常用一般现在时。 When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients. 我长大后要当一名护士，照顾病人。 2、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。 If you want to have a chat ,call me up. 如果你想聊天，打我电话。 3、如果主句是含有情态动词时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。 You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. 在阅览室时应保持安静。 四．知识拓展 1在以when，before，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，也适用“主将从现”原则，即如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。 I'll tell her the good news when she comes back. 当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。 she will give you a call as soon as she returns. 她一回来就会给你电话。 2.If条件句的同义句：祈使句，and /or+将来时态的陈述句。 Work hard ,and you will make great progress.= If you work hard,you will make great progress. 如果你努力学习，你才会取得大的进步。 Hurry up, or you will be late.=If you don’t hurry up.you will be late.如果你不快点，你就要迟到了。
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总 原因从句 除了下面A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。 A 原因从句 1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句： We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on． 我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。 As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there． [ 因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。 2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because： As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand． 既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。 As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking． 既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替： ~ As／Since／Seeing that／If you don’t like Bill，why did you invite him 既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他 注意：if so的用法： —I hope Bill won’t come． —If so（＝If you hope he won’t come），why did you invite him —我希望比尔别来。 —如果这样（=如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他 关于if＋so／not，参见第347节。 ~ B 结果从句由because或as引导： The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit． 保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。 He was angry because we were late． 他生气是因为我们来晚了。 As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day． 因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。 ~ As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards． 因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
if引导的条件状语从句讲义及答案
if 引导的条件状语从句（讲义） 状语 用来表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，通常由 副词或介词短语充当，也可由一个句子充当。 I slept at home yesterday because I had a bad cold. 状语从句 状语从句指句子作状语。 根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、 方式等从句。 状语从句一般由连词（从属连词）引导。 I will go to school by bike tomorrow if it is sunny. Grammar focus —I think I ' ll take the bus to the party. —If you do, you ' ll be late. If you take the bus to the party, you —I think I ' ll stay at home. —If you do, you ' ll be sorry. If you stay at home, you ' ll be sorry. —What will happe n if they have the party today? ——If they have it today, half the class won —Should we ask people to bring food? —If we ask people to bring food, they and chocolate. 1 if 在本单元句中意为“ _______________ ； _______ ”，用于引导 即if 引导的是一个完整的句子，所以一定要有主谓，成为从 句，另一个句子则成为主句。 If you go there, I ' ll go, too. We will go hiking if it doesn ' t rain tomorrow. If Bob leaves tomorrow, I will hold a party for him toni ght. 2 if 引导的条件状语从句既可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后。 但是如果放在主句前，即句首时，从句后面要用 与主句 隔开。 You will keep healthy if you do more exercise. If you do more ll be late. t come. ll just bring potato chips
最高考高考英语语法精讲精练 专题十 状语从句和并列句常考点
专题十状语从句和并列句常考点 状语从句是一项较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语(或其他动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。掌握状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。 1状语从句中从属连词when， while，as的多种含义 when：当……时候；就在那时；既然；虽然；在……之后； as：一边……一边；随着；虽然；因为；依照，如……； while：在……期间；而；虽然。
用when，while和as填空： ①He will take my place ________ I am away. ②I was having my lunch ________ the fire alarm went off. ③________ you have finished your work，you may have a rest. ④________ he swam，he cried for help. ⑤________ the Internet is of great help，I don't think it good to spend too much time on it. 【答案】①while②when③When④As⑤While 2as引导让步状语从句 as引导让步状语从句时要倒装，若是倒装，需将所强调的成分即名词(句首名词不能有任何冠词)、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前。 [注]①though引导状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装，although不能引起倒装。 ②as，though，although引导从句时，后面的主句不能有but，但可以和still，yet 连用。
高中英语状语从句讲解和练习(含答案)
t 状语从句讲解和练习 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当 。例如： 1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语) 3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句） 状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、 结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解 和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词 和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , dire ctly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2．地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3．原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as, since 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference. The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable. 4．目的状语从句 常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. 5．结果状语从句 常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that, 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus. It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it. To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
状语从句讲解及习题附答案
（一）状语从句概述 定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。 位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用 逗号和主句隔开。 分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。 作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。 （二）状语从句详解 1. 时间状语从句 引导词用法示例 when 意为“当…的时候”。When 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是延续性动词，也可以是 瞬间动词。并且when有 时表示“就在那时”A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话时也没有人相信。When he arrives, I’ll call you. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while 意为“在…的时候，在…的 同时”。While引导从句的 谓语动词必须是延续性While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.
的，发生时间较长，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。While 有时还可以表示对比。While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. as 意为“一边…一边…”。As 引导的动作是延续性的， 发生时间较短，一般用于 主句和从句动作同时发 生；as也可以强调一前一 后。The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded his “space”. He smiled as he stood up. after 意为“在…之后”。表示主句 动作发生在从句动作之 后。主句与从句的动作时 间关系与before引导的从 句相反。With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before 意为“在…之前”。引导的从 句不用否定形式的谓语， 并且当before引导的从句 位于主句之后，有时译成 “就，才”。当主句用将来时，You can’t watch TV before you finish your homework. Before it ended, the theatre was almost empty. My father had left for Canada
(完整版)if引导的条件状语从句精讲与专题练习
初中英语――if引导的条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如： If you ask him，he will help you．如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam，you will let him down．如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。 If you have finished the homework，you can go home．如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。 另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如： If I were you，I would invite him to the party．如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic．要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。 另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配 1．if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时 If he runs he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。 The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。 2．．if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted. 如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。 If it stops snowing we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。 3．if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread. 如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。 4．if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时 If you heat ice it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。 5．if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时 If you are looking for Peter you’ll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。 6．if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时 If you have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一：并列句与状语从句(含解析)
高考必考语法精讲精练专题十一：并列句与状语从句(含解析) -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考必考语法精讲精练 语法专题十一：并列句与状语从句 状语从句是比较重要的语法项目。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中将状语从句列为必考项。全国卷新课标Ⅰ对状语从句的考查一般在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。 2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。 2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第43题（完形填空）考查了状语从句引导词Since /Although /As /If的选择。 2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查状语从句。 一、并列句 (一) 并列连词 ①They come from the same country，and they are good friends. ②I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn't want to spend all day with her.(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ) ③It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over. ④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my daughter up, so she waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours. ⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay? 规律总结： 1．表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。 2. 表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而，但是), while(然而)等。 3．表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。 4．表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ... but, neither ... nor ...等。 (二) 祈使句＋and/or/otherwise句式 ①Work hard and you will succeed. ＝If you work hard, you will succeed. ②Hurry up or we will be late. ＝If you don't hurry up, we will be late. ③A few more efforts and you will succeed. ＝If you make a few more efforts, you will succeed. 规律总结： 1．祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If ...，＋主句。 2．祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句＝If ... not ...，＋主句。 二、状语从句
高考英语状语从句讲解
典型例句突破状语从句 前言：学习状语从句的几个关键点1）引导状语从句的连词及意思2）状语从句与主句的时态照应3）有关状语从句的重点句型。4）状语从句的省略 一．各种状语从句的典型例句 1．条件状语从句： 1）Let'sgooutforawalkunlessyouaretootired.(除非,若不；相当于if—not) 即：Ifyouaretootired,we’llnotgooutforawalk. 2）Youmayborrowmybookaslongasyoukeepitclean.(只要，表示条件的唯一性) 3）Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.（以防—，以免—） 4） 5） 6）假如, 7） 2. 1） 2） 动词， 3） 4） 5） 6） 7） 8） 9） 动词) 10） ，etc.) 14)AssoonasIreachCanada,Iwillringyouup.(一—-就—) 15)Hehadnosoonerarrivedhomethanhewasaskedtostartonanotherjourney.(一—-就—,另外有hardly/scarcely—-when—) 16)Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisbook.(“到—时为止”，从句是一般过去时，主句是过去完成时。) 17)Bythetimeyoucomeheretomorrow,Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.(“到—时为止”，从句是一般现在时，主句是将来完成时。) 18)EachtimehecametoHarbin,hewouldcallonme.(“每当—的时候”或“每次”，复习eachtime,everytime和whenever) 3．有关时间状语从句的重点句型
状语从句讲解和练习
状语从句 状语从句修饰主句/主句的谓语。一般有九大类：表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式等。 时间状语从句 1. 用when引导：when表示“当……时候”。如： Things were different when I was a child. 我小时候情况与现在不同。 People breathe more slowly when they are asleep. 人睡觉时呼吸比较缓慢。 2. 用while引导：while表示“当……时候”。如： We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。 I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，其余的人都打网球去了。 注意：while 所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性的，不能是短暂性的。 3. 用as引导：as表示“当……时候”“随着”。如： He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。 We get wiser as we get old. 随着年岁的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。 4. 用before引导：before表示“在……之前”。如： Turn off the lights before you go to bed. 睡觉前要关灯。 Before he went to university he was a worker. 上大学之前他是工人。 5. 用after引导：after表示“在……之后”。如： I will tell you after they leave. 他们走我再告诉你。 After you finish the letter show it to me．信写完后给我看看。 6. 用until / till引导：until / till表示“直到……”。如： He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。 I watched him until he disappeared in the distance. 我瞧着他直到他在远处消失。 这类句型的主句动词通常只能是延续性动词，不能是终止性动词。但是，在否定句中，主句动词可以是终止性动词，此时构成not…ntil [till]…句式，意为“直到……才……”。如：