(902)截一个几何体专项练习30题(有答案)ok

(902)截一个几何体专项练习30题(有答案)ok
(902)截一个几何体专项练习30题(有答案)ok

截一个几何体专项练习30题(有答案)

2.如图所示,用一个平面去截一个圆柱,则截得的形状应为()

3.如下图,一正方体截去一角后,剩下的几何体面的个数和棱的条数分别为()

6.如图,用平面去截圆锥,所得截面的形状是()

7.给出以下四个几何体,其中能截出长方形的几何体共有()

8.请指出图中几何体截面的形状()

9.如图是一个长方形截去两个角后的立体图形,如果照这样截去长方形的八个角,那么新的几何体的棱有()

B.棱柱的所有侧棱长都相等

C.用一个平面去截一个圆柱体,截面可以是梯形

D.用一个平面去截一个长方体截面不能是正方形

A.长方体的截面一定是长方形B.正方体的截面一定是正方形

C.圆锥的截面一定是三角形D.球体的截面一定是圆

A.圆柱的截面可能是三角形B.球的截面有可能不是圆

C.圆锥的截面可能是圆D.长方体的截面不可能是六边形13.如图所示,几何体截面的形状是()

A .B

C

D

A .七边形B

六边形C

五边形D

四边形

A.将一块直角三角板绕着它的一条直角边旋转1周,能形成一个圆锥

B.用一个平面截一个正方体,得到的截面可以是五边形

C.一个平面截一个球,得到的截面一定是圆

D.圆锥的截面不可能是三角形

()

A .9个,12条B

9个,13条C

10个,12条D

10个,13条

A .B

C

D

18.一块方形蛋糕,一刀切成相等的两块,两刀最多切成4块,试问:五刀最多可切成_________块相等体积的蛋糕,十刀最多可切成_________块(要求:竖切,不移动蛋糕).

19.仔细观察,用一个平面截一个正方体所得截面形状,试写出这些截面的名称:

想一想:用一个平面截一个正方体,截面的形状可能是七边形吗?_________.

20.一个物体的外形是长方体,其部构造不详.用一组水平的平面截这个物体时,得到了一组(自下而上)截面,截面形状如图所示,这个长方体的部构造可能是_________.

21.用平面去截一个三棱锥,截面可能是_________形或_________形.

22.如图是一个正方体劈去一个角后得到的多面体,有_________个面,_________个顶点,_________条棱,则其顶点数+面数﹣棱数=_________.

23.把三棱锥截去一个角,所得的截面是_________形.

24.一个正方体的8个顶点被截去后,得到一个新的几何体,这个新的几何体有_________个面,_________个顶点,_________条棱.

25.用一个平面去截一个正方体,图中画有阴影的部分是截面,下面有关截面画确的序号有_________.

26.一个五棱柱有_________个面,用一个平面去截五棱柱,则得到的截面的形状不可能是_________(填“七边形“或“八边形“)

27.下列图形:①等腰三角形,②矩形,③正五边形,④正六边形.其中只有三个是可以通过切正方体而得到的切口平面图形,这三个图形的序号是_________.

28.如图从边长为10的正方体的一顶点处挖去一个边长为1的小正方体,则剩下图形的表面积为_________.

29.用一个平面去截一个五棱柱,可把这个五棱柱分成一个三棱柱和一个四棱柱,一个八棱柱用_________个平面去截可把这个八棱柱分成六个三棱柱.

30.

请问:平面图形①②③④⑤分别可由平面截几何体A、B、C、D中的哪些得到?

截一个几何体专项练习30题参考答案:

1.解:∵用平面去截正方体时最多与六个面相交得六边形,最少与三个面相交得三角形,

∴边数最少的截面是三角形,故选D.

2.解:平面平行圆柱底面截圆柱可以得到一个圆,而倾斜截得到椭圆,故选B

3.解:原来正方体的面数为6,增加1变为7;原来正方体的棱数为12,增加3变为15,故选C.

4.解:A、圆柱的轴截面为长方形,不符合题意,本选项错误;

B、圆锥的轴截面为三角形,其它截面为圆、椭圆,不可能是长方形,符合题意,本选项正确;

C、长方体的轴截面为长方形,不符合题意,本选项错误;

D、正方体的轴截面可以是长方形,不符合题意,本选项错误.

故选B

5.解:如图切三刀,最多切成8块,故选A

6.解:用平面取截圆锥,如图:平面与圆锥的侧面截得一条弧线,与底面截得一条直线,所以截面的形状应该是D.

故选D

7.解:当截面与圆柱的底面垂直时可以截得长方形,当截面截取正方形两条平行的面对角线组成的面时,可以截得长方形,球和圆锥都不能截出长方形,故选C

8.解:根据图中所示,平面与圆锥侧面相截得到一条弧线,与底面相截得到一条直线,那么截面图形就应该是C.故选C

9.解:∵一个长方体有4+4+4=12条棱,

一个角上裁出3条棱,即8个角共3×8条棱,

∴12+3×8=36,

故选C.

10.解:A、用一个平面去截一个圆锥,不可以是椭圆,故选项错误;

B、根据棱柱的特征可知,棱柱的所有侧棱长都相等,故选项正确;

C、用一个平面去截一个圆柱体,截面不可以是梯形,故选项错误;

D、用一个平面去截一个长方体,截面可能是正方形,故选项错误.

故选B

11.解:A、长方体的截面还可能是三角形,故本选项错误;

B、正方体的截面还可能是三角形,故本选项错误;

C、圆锥的截面为与圆有关的或与三角形有关的形状,故本选项错误;

D、球体的截面一定是圆,故本选项正确.

故选D

12.解:A、圆柱体中如果截面和底面平行是可以截出圆的,如果不平行截面有可能是椭圆,但不可能是三角形,故本选项错误;

B、球体中截面是圆,故本选项错误;

C、圆锥中如果截面和底面平行截出的是圆,故本选项正确;

D、长方体的截面如果经过六个面,则截面是六边形,如右图,故本选项错误.

故选C.

13.解:几何体初中阶段有:圆柱、球体、圆锥,

∴其截面的形状有圆、长方形、三角形、梯形等.

故选B

14.解:正方体有六个面,截面与其六个面相交最多得六边形,故选B.

15.解:A、将一块直角三角板绕着它的一条直角边旋转1周,能形成一个圆锥,正确;

B、用一个平面截一个正方体,得到的截面可以是三角形,四边形或五边形或六边形,正确;

C、一个平面截一个球,得到的截面一定是圆,正确;

D、圆锥的截面可能是圆或三角形,错误.

故选D

16.解:依题意,剩下的几何体可能有:

7个顶点、12条棱、7个面;

或8个顶点、13条棱、7个面;

或9个顶点、14条棱、7个面;

或10个顶点、15条棱、7个面.

如图所示:

因此顶点最多的个数是10,棱数最少的条数是12,

故选C

17.解:圆台的截面不能得到长方形;

圆锥的截面不能得到长方形;

圆柱的截面不能得到等腰梯形;

当截面经过正方体的3个面时,得到三角形,

当截面与正方体的一个面平行时得到长方形,

当截面经过正方体的一个正方形的对角的顶点,经过4个面,又与对面斜交时,可得到等腰梯形,

故选D

18.解:当切1刀时,块数为1+1=2块;

当切2刀时,块数为1+1+2=4块;

当切3刀时,块数为1+1+2+3=7块;

当切n刀时,块数=1+(1+2+3…+n)=1+.

则切5刀时,块数为1+=16块;

切8刀时,块数为1+=56块.

故答案为:16,56

19.解:平行四边形、等腰三角形、等腰梯形,六边形、五边形、三角形,

不可能是七边形.

20.一个物体的外形是长方体,其部构造不详.用一组水平的平面截这个物体时,得到了一组(自下而上)截面,截面形状如图所示,这个长方体的部构造可能是圆锥状空洞.

21.用平面去截一个三棱锥,截面可能是三角形或四边形.

22.如图是一个正方体劈去一个角后得到的多面体,有7个面,10个顶点,15条棱,则其顶点数+面数﹣棱数=2.

23.把三棱锥截去一个角,所得的截面是三角形.

24.解:每截去一个顶点就会多出1个面,2个顶点和3条棱,那么得到的新的几何体就应该有6+8=14个面,8+8×2=24个顶点,12+8×3=36条棱.

故填14、24、36

25.解:正方体有六个面,用平面去截正方体时最多与六个面相交得六边形,最少与三个面相交得三角形,

即阴影部分必须至少分布在三个平面,因此①是错误的,故②③④正确.

故答案为:②③④

26.解:一个五棱柱有5个侧面和2个底面构成,所以它有7个面.截面可以经过三个面,四个面,五个面,七个面那么得到的截面的形状可能是三角形,四边形,或五边形,七边形,所以截面不可能是八边形.

故答案是:7;八边形

27.解:可以通过切正方体而得到的切口平面图形应该是①②④

28.解:由图可知,挖去小正方体后,其实剩下的图形的表面积与原正方体的面表积是相等的,因此,剩下图形的表面积=10×10×6=600

29.解:如图所示:一个八棱柱用5个平面去截可把这个八棱柱分成六个三棱柱.故答案为:5.

30.解:根据图形可得出:平面图形①可由平面截几何体A、B、D得到;

平面图形②可由平面截几何体B得到;

平面图形③可由平面截几何体B、C得到;

平面图形④可由平面截几何体B、D得到;

平面图形⑤可由平面截几何体A、C得到

五年级解方程练习题50题及答案ok

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(16) 18(x-2)=270 (17) 12x=300-4x (18) 7x+5.3=7.4 (19) 3x÷5=4.8 (25) 0.5x+8=43 (26) 6x-3x=18 (27)7(6.5+x)=87.5(29) 1.8x=0.972 (30) x÷0.756=90 (31) 0.1(x+6)=3.3×0.4 (32) (27.5-3.5)÷x=4 (33) 9x-40=5 (34) x÷5+9=21 (35)48-27+5x=31

(37)x+2x+18=78 (38) (200-x)÷5=30 (39)(x-140)÷70=4 (40)20-9x=2 (41) x+19.8=25.8 (42) 5.6x=33.6 (43)9.8-x=3.8 (45)5x+12.5=32.3 (46)5(x+8)=102 (47)x+3x+10=70 (48)3(x+3)=50-x+3 (49)5x+15=60 (50) 3.5-5x=2

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