英语人教版九年级全册语法专练
宾语从句
1．—I don’t know________．—Because he has to look after his mother．
A．why he is leavingB．why is he leavingC．whether he is leavingD．whether is he leaving 2．— Do you know ______ the map yesterday?— In the bookstore on the corner.
A. where Mike bought
B. where did Mike buy
C. where will Mike buy
D. where Mike will buy 3．—Do you know ______?—Not sure, but it was on July 13 last year.
A. when we started summer vacation
B. when we will start summer vacation
C. when will we start summer vacation
D. when did we start summer vacation
4．How will you feel when ____?
A. you happen bad something
B. you will happen something bad
C. bad something will to you
D. something bad happen to you
5．Could you tell me__________?
A. what’s the matter with you
B. what was the matter with you
C. what the matter with you is
D. what the matter with you was
6．Excuse me, can you show me _____to run the machine?A. what B. if C.whether D. how 7．---Katie，can you tell me _____ to the new library?---Of course，last Sunday
A. when did you go
B. when you went
C. when will you go
D. when you will go
8．---Do you know _______ there is a good restaurant around here?
--- Sure. Bai Long restaurant is very famous and you can go there.
A. that
B. if
C. what
D. How
9．---Do you know______?---Of course. It will be hosted(主办) by Beijing and Zhangjiakou. A. when will the 2022 Winter Olympics be hostedB. when the 2022 Winter Olympics will be hostedC. how the 2022 Winter Olympics will be hosted
D. which city will host the 2022 Winter Olympics
10．— Do you know second-hand smoke?— To protect our health and memory. A. how we should preventB. how should we prevent
C. why we should prevent
D. why should we prevent
11．Lisa is on vacation now, I wonder .A．when she came back.
B．when she will come back.C．when will she come back.
12．—What were you and the old man talking about?
—He asked __________.A. what I have been.
B. why was I staying there
C. whether I could help him
D. how can he get through the building 13．The teacher asked us _________.A. what we were interested in
B. where we are going to have our lunch
C. when did we finish homework
14．---I still remember __________ your parents came to see you here for the first time.
---Me, too. It took them nearly a day to walk here.
A. when
B. how
C. why
D. where
15．--What did Mr Green say just now ?---He asked us ________tomorrow .
A. What will the weather be like
B.What the weather would like
C.What would the weather be like
D.what the weather would be like
16．Could you tell me ________? My watch doesn’t work.
A. what time it is
B. when it was mended
C. where he is from
D. how far it is from here
17．I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder ______.
A. where you buy the tickets
B. why you like to go there
C. if you’d like to go with me
D. when you watch the match
18．I can’t decide which ________，because there are so many styles for me________.
A. I can choose; to choose
B. to choose from; to choose
C. can I choose; to choose from
D. to choose; to choose from.
19．―Excuse me，could you tell me________?
―In five minutes.A. how soon will the film beginB. how soon the film will begin
C. how long the film has been on
D. how long has the film been on
20．-- Do you know our Chinese National Symbol(国家公祭日) of Day is?
-- Yes, it’s on December 13th. It’s in memory of the people were killed in Nanjing Massacre.A. whether; that B. when, whoC. how; which D. why; that
21．My mother asked me _______．And I told her that it was in the afternoon．
A.when the concert wasBwhere the concert wasC．when was the concertD．where was the concert 22．We didn’t know _______．A．what are they shouting aboutB．what they are shouting aboutC．what they were shouting aboutD．what were they shouting about
23．---Could you tell me you’ll go to Paris?---Next month.A. why B. where C. when D. how 24．——It shouldn’t take long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.
——That’s r ight. ____A.Many hands make light work. B.Something is better than nothing.
C.The sooner begun, the sooner done.
D.Practice makes perfect.
25．– Can you tell me ? - He lives in Shanghai.A. where Mark lives B. where does Mark live C. where Mark lived D. where did Mark live
26．—Excuse me, could you tell me ____—Sor ry. I’m not sure. Please go to the information desk.
A. that there is a train
B. which train can I take
C. when the train leaves
D. where does the train go 27．一David asked in China.一Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting.A. why could he greet a lady by kissing herB. why he could greet a lady by kissing her C. whether could he greet a lady by kissing herD. whether he could greet a lady by kissing her 28．Mary wants to know_____________________.
A. where does the train leave
B. when the train leaves
C. when does the train leaves
D. when the train leave
29．Sally asked _______________.A. how can she get to the zoo.B. how she can get to the zoo.
C. how she could get to the zoo.
D. where was the zoo.
30．Could you tell me ___________?A.where the bus station isB.where is the bus station
C.the bus station is where
31．—Could you tell me ?—Sure. Walk straight along this street and you’ll find it. A. how can I get to the post officeB. where is the post office
C. which is the way to the post office
D. how far the post office is
32．--- Can you spare time to have dinner with me this evening?--Well, I don’t know ___
A. that I can finish my work by then
B. if can I finish the work by then
C. that can I finish the work by then
D. whether I can finish the work by then
33．Could you tell me _____ a moment ago?
A. what were they talking about
B. what are they talking about
C. what they are talking about
D. what they were talking about
34．Miss Brown would like to know______.A. when will she get a new computer from her fatherB. when she would get a new computer from her fatherC. when would she get a new computer from her fatherD. when she will get a new computer from her father
35．—Will you go to Ann’s birthday party this evening?
—I don’t know _________. Because I have to finish my homework first.
A. how I will go
B. if I will go
C. why will I go
D. when will I go
36．She didn’t decide____ .A. what will she do nextB. what would she do it nextC. what will she do it nextD. what she would do next
37．– Could you please tell me ____?– Of course. Many people in Shiyan know it.
A. where is Mount Wudang
B. how I can get to Changjiang River
C. what is Shennongjia famous for
D. if there will be a new airport in Shiyan
38．After visiting the science museum, t he students don’t doubt _________?A. how far is Mars away from the sunB. what is the transport like on MarsC. of the distance from the sun to MarsD. the life on Mars will be different from the life on the Earth
39．---- David asked______ in China.---- Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting.A.why he can greet a lady by kissing herB.Why he could greet a lady by kissing her C.Whether he can greet a lady by kissing herD.Whether he could greet a lady by kissing her 40．Do you know ?A、where does he liveB、where he livesC、where is he live 41．— Could you tell me______? —At nine o’clock, in ten minutes.
A. how will he leave
B. when he has left
C. why he is leaving
D. when he will leave 42．She got a nice skirt as a present on her birthday．Do you know _______ ？
A．what was it made of B．how much did it cost
C．who buys it for her D．where she bought it
43．— Excuse me, could you tell me ?— In five minutes.
A. how soon will the film begin
B. how soon the film will begin
C. how long the film has been on
D. how long has the film been on
44．– Do you know ?–Sorry, I don’t have a watch.
A. whose watch this is
B. whose watch is this
C. what time it is
D. what time is it
45．—I didn’t know.
A. when would the train arrive
B. where could I get the book
C. what has been done
D. who left the message
语法--感叹句
1．______ he has make during the course!
A. What good progress
B. What a good progress
C. How good progress
D. How a good progress 2．_______ good advice the teacher gave me!A. How B. WhatC. What a D. How a
3．- _______ great progress you're made! Congratulations!
-Thank you !A. What B. What aC. How D. How a
4．－Wow! _______ beautiful the music is!－Yes. That’s my favorite.
A. What
B. What a
C. What an
D. How
5．—________ exciting the movie is!—Sure, I have seen it three times.
A. What
B. What an
C. How
D. How an
6．exciting movie it is!A.What an B.How an C.How D.What
7．beautiful flowers they are!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
8．---______ fun time we had at the party yesterday!
---Yeah. It was such an exciting party ____I would never forget it.
A. What a; that
B. What; as
C. How; that
D. How; as
9．---Wow, useful and fashionable iphone 6s you have bought!
---Yes, it is ____ great help to me, ____ I must say it also cost me a lot.
A. What, a, but
B. What an, the, and
C. What a, a , and
D.How, a ,but
10．— ______ wonderful the voice is! W ho’s singing in the garden?
— It must be Linda. Many people think she sings as well as Taylor Swift.
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a
11．—Luckily, Sandy hurt in yesterday’s accident.—good news it is!
A. didn’t; how
B. di dn’t; what
C. wasn’t; what
D. wasn’t; what a
12．_________ important news he brought us!A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 13．- _____ heavy the rainstorm is! -Yes, the town has experienced the most serious flood during the past ten years. A. How B. What C. How a D. What a
14．______ important information he left for me! It’s of much ______ to me.
A. What, use
B. What an, use
C. How, useful
D.How an, useful
15．___ great fun we had in Yandu Park last Sunday!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 16．---It’s said that an inner ring expressway is being built in Yancheng now.
---_______ good news! Hopefully, the traffic will be better in the future.
A. What
B. How
C. How a
D. What a
17．---________beautiful day it is! Let’s go and have a p icnic in the park. ---Good idea!
A. How
B. How a
C. What
D. What a
18．_______ good advice the teacher gave me!A. How B. What C. What a D. How a 19．——Look at these photos. ________ amazing they are!——You like them? These photos ___three years ago.A. What ; are taken B. What; were takenC. How ; taken D. How; were taken 20．--- How do you like the program The Voice of China?--- ________ amazing program it is! Many people like to watch it.A. What a B. How C. What an D. How a
21．_________great weather it is today!A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
22．─ Tom Cruise will come to China for his new film Mission Impossible 5.
─ great surprise he gave his fans!A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
23．—_____interesting the book is!—Yes, I have read it twice.A. What an B. How a C. How 24．________ it is today!A．What fine weather B．What a fine weather
C．How a fine weather D．How fine a weather
25．Look at the man over there. _____he is!A．How tall B．How high C．What a tall 26．________ it is today!A．What fine weather B．What a fine weather
C．How a fine weather D．How fine a weather
27．—_______delicious beef !—Well，you can eat more if you like it.
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
28．________ he was when he knew the results of the examination!
A. How happily
B. What fun
C. How pleased
D. What pleasure
29．--- TuYouyou has won the Nobel Prize. --- ____ great she is! We Chinese are so proud of her.
A. What a
B. What
C. How a
D. How
30．--- The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized（倾覆）in the Yangtze River on the evening of June 1st.--- bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue（救援）？
A．What a B．What C．How a D．How
31．--- The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized（倾覆）in the Yangtze River on the evening
of June 1st.--- bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue（救援）？A．What a B．What C．How a D．How
32．—Wow! ____ wonderful news report!—So it is.A. What B. How a C. What a D. How 33．________we had at the party!A．How wonderful time B．What wonderful time C．How a wonderful time D．What a wonderful time
34．_____ wonderful time they had in HongKong!．
A．How B．What, C．What a D．What an
35_____good time they had playing games in the park!A. What a B. How C. What D. How a 36．Look! Laura is getting the first place. fast runner she is!
A. How
B. What
C. How a
D. What a
37．—Did you watch the TV show Running Man last night?—Yes, I did. interesting it was!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
39．____ amazing the stage play War Horse is!A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 40．Look! __________ high speed the roller coaster is __________.
A. How; moving
B. What; moving
C. How; moving at
D. What; moving at
41．_________ surprised he was to see his stolen bicycle again at the gate of the park. A．HowB．WhatC．What aD．What an
42．_______nice the ice cream looks ! I can’t wait to taste it.
A. How a
B. How
C. What a
D. What
43．The boy saved all his classmates in the earthquake. ________brave he was!
A. What
B. What an
C. How
D. How a
44．________ it is to visit theme parks in Beijing!
A. How great fun
B. What a great fun
C. What great fun
D. How a great fun
45．—________ great fun we had at the party last night!
—Yes，it was so exciting that everyone was happy.
A. How a
B. How
C. What
D. What a
参考答案G
1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．A 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．C 21．C 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．A 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．D 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．C 45．C
参考答案B
1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．C
11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．D 35．B 36．D 37．D 38．D 39．D 40．B 41．D 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．D
人教版九年级全册英语重点语法知识点复习提纲
人教版九年级全册英语重点语法知识点复习提纲 一. 介词by的用法（Unit-1重点语法） 1. 意为“在……旁”，“靠近”。 Some are singing and dancing under a big tree. Some are drawing by the lake. 有的在大树下唱歌跳舞。有的在湖边画画儿。 2. 意为“不迟于”，“到……时为止”。 Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲? 3. 表示方法、手段,可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing. 猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 The boy’s father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph. 孩子的父亲是那么的感激,于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。 4. 表示“逐个”，“逐批”的意思。 One by one they went past the table in the dark. 他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。 5. 表示“根据”，“按照”的意思。 What time is it by your watch? 你的表几点了? 6. 和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。 I took him by the hand. 我拉住了他的手。
(完整版)人教版初中英语语法完整总结
1 . (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen 从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 to 、look at ( 感官动词)+（sb. ）+do sth. eg : I am/ feel confident of myspoken English. eg:I like watching monkeys jump. I feel that I can pass the test . 2 . （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样18. be + doing 表：1现在进行时2将来时 eg:the more the more 越来越多19 . be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够?? 3. a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）eg : She is able to sing .= She can sing. 4 . agree with sb赞成某人20. be able to do sth. 能够干什么 5 . all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样e g :she is able to sing . 6 . all over the world = the whole world 整个21. be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕??世界eg : I'm afraed to go out at night . 7. along with 同??一道，伴随??I'm afraid of dog. eg : I will go along with you. 我将和你一起去22. be allowed to do 被允许做什么 The students planted trees along with their eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视teachers. 学生同老师们一起种树I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允 8. as soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 许看电视 9 . as you can see 你是知道的(正如你所见)23. be angry with sb 生某人的气 10 . ask for ??求助向?要?（直接接想要的东e g : Don't be angry with me. 西）24. be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 12. ask sb to do sth询问某人某事 为什么而生某人的气 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事25. be as ?原级?as 和什么一样 13 . at the age of 在??岁时eg : She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高 eg ：I amsixteen. = I am at the age of sixteen . 26. be ashamed to 14. at the beginning of ????的起初；??27. be away from远离 的开始28. be away from 从??离开 15. at the end of + 地点/+时间最后；尽头；末29. be bad for对什么有害 尾eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eg : At the end of the day eyes. 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 16. at this time of year 在每年的这个时候30. be born 出生于 17. be /feel confident of sth /that clause + 31. be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事
九年级上册英语重点语法归纳
九年级上册英语复习资料 九年级英语Unit1 1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期间”、“用、”“经 过”、“乘车”等 2.talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 talk to sb. =talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? ②Why don’t you + do sth.? ③Why not + do sth. ? ④Let’s + do sth. ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 4. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth So…to 如此…以至于 not …at all 一点也不根本不 5. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. =be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋 6 first of all 首先 to begin with 一开始 later on 后来、随 also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末
make mistakes 犯错 make up 组成、构成 7. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…乐意做… enjoy oneself 过得愉快 8. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式…其中之一 9. It’s +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事… 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English 10. deal with =do with 处理 11.see sb. / sth. do 看见某人（经常）做某事 see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事强调正在发生12.too many 许多修饰可数名词 too much 许多修饰不可数名词 much too 太修饰形容词 13 .compare … to …把…与…相比 九年级英语Unit2 1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 否定形式：didn’t use to do sth. / used not to do sth. 2.反意疑问句 ①肯定陈述句＋否定提问②否定陈述句＋肯定提问 ④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly,nobody等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。
【英语】九年级上册英语语法填空汇编试题(有答案和解析)
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初三英语语法专练（并列连词） 第七章并列连词 1 ( ) 1 My aunt asks whether I like a woolen sweater ___ a cotton one. A. but B. or C. and D. not ( ) 2 Either Mary ___ Lucy told him to come to see us. A. or B. and C. with D. nor ( ) 3 Hurry up, ____ we'll be late for the film. A. and B. but C. so D. or ( ) 4 Be quick, ____ we'll be late. A. and B. or C. but D. so ( ) 5 We ran to the trees, ___ we couldn't see any more monkeys. A. but B. so C. and D. for 2 ( ) 1 ___ Li Ping ___ Wu Fang ___ League members. A. Neither; nor; are B. Either; nor; is C. Both; and; are D. Neither; or; is ( ) 2 You can ____ stay at home ____ go out to play. A. either; or B. so; that C. neither; and D. both; and ( ) 3 ____ Wei Hua ___. Ann____ very busy. A. Both; and; is B. So; and; is C. Either; or; is D. So; that; are ( ) 4 ___ Monday___ Tuesday is OK, I will be free then. A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. So; that D. Both; and ( ) 5 ___ my brother____ sister are doctors. A. Not; but B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or 3 ( ) 1 The teacher, as well as his students___football. A. like B. likes C. enjoy D. play ( ) 2 The doctor, along with these nurses____ sent to the country. A. are B. were C. have D. was ( ) 3 My sister, together with her classmates____ interested in the new book. A. are B. were C. is D. have 4 ( ) 1 ___ she ___ I know his telephone number, because it has been changed. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Not only; but also ' D. Neither; nor ( ) 2 ___ Jack ____ Tom watched TV yesterday evening because they were busy with their lessons. A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Not; but D. Neither; nor ( ) 3 You may sit___ this end___ that end of the boat. A. neither; nor B. both; and C. either; or D. between; and ( ) 4 None of the shoes are the right size. They are ___ too big ____ too small. A. or; or B. either; or C. neither; or D. both; and
人教版英语九年级语法知识点
1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示："在…旁","靠近","在…期间"、"用,""经过","乘车"等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级 形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。 如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不根本不如： I like milk very much. I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。 9. ①end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ②end up with sth. 以…结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。
苏教版九年级上册英语语法复习要点
九年级上册英语语法复习要点 一、时态复习 1．一般现在时 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are＋not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don’t，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn’t，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时还原行为动词。 2．一般过去时 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：… ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①was/were +not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 3．现在进行时 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are + doing 否定形式：am/is/are + not + doing. 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 4．过去进行时 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构：was/were + doing 否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。 5．现在完成时 概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 时间状语：recently, lately, since…, for…, in the past few years, etc. 基本结构：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +done. 一般疑问句：have或has提前。 6．过去完成时 概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。 时间状语：before, by the end of las t year(term, month…),etc.