山东省高考英语阅读表达专项训练(十三)(含解析)

山东省2015年高考阅读表达专项训练（十三）

阅读下面的短文并用英语回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

A

In the tight schedule of modern times, people have no time to prepare nutritious food during the day. They have to walk out early in the morning and spend most of the time at workplaces. Thus, they have to depend on the instant foods that are available in restaurants and hotels. This is the first choice of youngsters for the delicious and attractive taste of junk food.

Like every rose has a thorn (刺), there are risks associated with junk food as well. Sometimes, because of its easy availability and their delicious taste, people especially the teenagers get hooked on to it. If they consume fast food on a regular basis, then it can be dangerous to health and leads to diseases. For someone who over consumes these, it may lead to acidity (酸) and liver failure due to the large amount of fat, salts and oil in it. Too much of junk food on a regular basis can make an individual overweight due to the extra calories hidden in those foods. It affects the concentration levels in studies and other activities too.

It's clear that fast food risks definitely outnumber its positive effects. The bad side of fast food is that it has almost "zero" nutritious value. Despite this fact, we can definitely include them in our menu and exercise proper control over their consumption. The desire for fast food among various individuals right from a child to an adult is so much that one cannot avoid their consumption. So, we cannot avoid fast food completely in our day-to-day life considering their taste, easy access, instant delivery and affordability, but the important thing that we can do is to avoid extreme dependence on these foods.

1. Why do many people prefer to have fast food? (no more than 10 words)

2. What does the underlined word “hooked” mean？(1 word)

3. What bad effects may be caused by fast food according to the passage? (no more than 6 words)

4. What may be the best title of the passage? (no more than 10 words)

5. Why does the writer think the instant foods junk food? (no more than 10 words)

【文章大意】由于快节奏的生活，在工作场所的时间的长度增加，即时食品成了很多人尤其是年轻人的首选。可是这些食品也有很大的负面影响。

1.Because they are too busy./ Because they have no time to prepare nutritious food. 事实细节题。文章第一句话告诉我们现代社会那么多人热衷快餐的原因：In the tight schedule of modern times, people have no time to prepare nutritious food during the day.

2. addicted

词义猜测题。这里说的是由于快餐的“easy availability ”和“delicious taste”很容易使人上瘾，由此可知答案。

3. addiction；diseases；overweight

事实细节题。文章第二部分向我们讲述了快餐不好的影响：容易让人上瘾（即原文所说的：get hooked on to it.）、生病（leads to diseases）以及致使人肥胖（make an individual overweight）。根据这几个要点提炼答案即可。

4. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Fast Food/ Is Fast Food Good or Bad？

主旨大意题。总管全文可以看出，文章的描述的对象是fast food，介绍的是他的两个方面：有点：快速、口味好，还有不足：营养不均衡、让人生病致人肥胖等。

5.Because he thinks that they contain too much extra calories.

事实细节题。由第二短的后半部分可知答案。

B

In order to be a success in the American business world, you must get along with people. You must learn to behave yourself in such a way that you earn the affection and respect of others. As we have already pointed out, Americans mix business and pleasure. Therefore, learning how to chat informally（非正式地）can be a help with your American business contracts. Americans like to talk about a number of different topics—sports, politics, cars, popular movies, television shows and personal interests.

Many large American cities have sports teams. If you are working with Americans in the United States, it would be a good idea to find out about the local sports teams so that you can join in the almost inevitable discussions about “What our team will do this year.” Politics can be a sensitive topic unless everyone is of the same mind politically. Limit your discussions to asking questions of your friends. Most Americans are car owners and some are even obsessive（着迷的）about the subject. You can contribute to the discussion by talking about cars you have owned or by sharing information you have had in automotive magazines. Americans watch television almost every night and attend movies regularly, so naturally TV programs and the latest movies become topics for discussions..

If you are unable to watch American television or attend American movies, reading the entertainment section of such magazines as Time and Newsweek will keep you up to date on what is popular in America.

1. What’s the best title of the passage? (No more than 10 words.)

___________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why should people be careful with the topic—politics? (No more than 8 words.) ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. If you want to keep you up to date on what is popular in America, what should

you do? (Please answer within 10 words.)

___________________________________________________________________________ 4. What is the meaning of the underlined word “transformed” in Paragraph 4？(No more than 3 words)

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. Suppose you are doing business in America, what would you do to be a success in

business world? (No more than 20 words.)

___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

1. How to be a Success in American Business World

主旨大意题。主题句为文章的第一句话。

2. Because politics is a sensitive topic.

细节理解题。由倒数第二段的“Politics can be a sensitive topic unless everyone is of the same mind politically.”可知答案。

3. you can watch American television or attend American movies, read the entertainment section of such magazines as Time and Newsweek.

细节理解题。由最后一段可知答案。

4. care/ concern and love

词义推测题。这里表达的意思是：你必须学会以如此一种方式来指导你的行为以至于能得到别人的关爱和尊重。由此可知答案。

5. I’d learn how to chat informally and talk about different topics, such as

sports, cars, popular movies and so on.

开放型问题，可根据文中的介绍结合自己情况回答。