数据库计算机英语词汇名词解释汇总

数据库计算机英语词汇名词解释

data: By data, we mean known facts that can be recorded and that have implicit meaning.

数据是可被记录并且有隐含意义的已知事实。

database: A database is a collection of related data.

数据库是有关联数据的集合。

DBMS：A database management system is a collection of programs that enable users to create and maintain a database.

数据库管理系统是一组可支持用户来创建和管理数据库

的程序集合。

database system: We call the database and DBMS software together a database system.

数据库和数据库管理系统统称为数据库系统。

Database catalog contains information such as the structure of each file, the type and stored format of each data item, and various constraints on the data.

数据库目录包含每个文件的结构，每条数据项的类型和存储格式，以及针对数据的不同约束等信息。

Program-data independence：It is a property of database system that the structure of data file is

stored in the DBMS catalog separately from the access programs。

程序-数据独立性：是一种数据结构文件存储于DBMS目录与访问程序分开的一种机制。

user view: A view may be a subset of the database or it may contain virtual data that is derived from the database files but is not explicitly stored.

用户视图：一个视图是数据库的一个子集，或者说是由数据库文件导出的虚数据，并不是真正存储的数据。

DBA(database administrator)：The DBA is responsible for authorizing access to the database, for coordinating and monitoring its use, and for acquiring software and hardware resources as needed.

数据库管理员是负责对数据库进行授权，协调和监管数据库的使用，并根据需要获取软硬件资源的人员。

end user: End users are people whose jobs require access to database for querying ,updating, and generating reports; the database primarily exists for their use.

最终用户是需要访问数据库进行查询、更新数据并产生报表的人员。数据库就是为他们提供服务的。

canned transaction: Standard types of queries and updates which have been carefully programmed and tested.

固定事务：经过仔细编程和调试的标准查询和更新程序。

Deductive database system：It's a system that provides capabilities for defining deduction rules for infering new information from the stored database facts。

演绎数据库系统：该系统能够定义从已经存在的数据事实中推论出新信息的演绎准则。

Persistent object：A complex object can be stored permanently in an object—oriented DBMS。

持久性对象：一个能够被永久地存储在一个面向对象DBMS中的复杂对象。

meta-data: Meta-data is the information stored in the catalog and it describes the structure of the primary database.

元数据是存储在数据库目录里描述数据库基本结构的数据。

transaction-processing application: An application in which several users try to query and update the same database at the same time.

事务处理应用：允许多用户同时查询和更新同一数据库的应用程序。

data model: A data model is a collection concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a database, and it provides the necessary means to achieve this abstraction.

数据模型是一组用于描述数据库结构的概念集合，它提供实现数据抽象所必需的方法.

database schema: Database schema is the description of a database, which is specified during database design and is not expected to change frequently.

数据库模式是对数据库的描述，它在数据库设计时被指定，不会作频繁改动.

database state: The data in the database at a particular moment in time is called a database state.

数据库状态是数据库中某一特定时刻的即时数据.

internal schema: Internal schema describes the physical storage structure of the database, which is in the internal level.

内模式是位于内部层，描述数据库的物理存储结构.

conceptual schema: Conceptual schema describes the structure of the whole database for a community of users, which is in the conceptual level.

概念模式是位于概念层，为共有用户描述全部数据库的结构.

external schema: External schema describes the part of the database that a particular user group is interested in and hides the rest of the database from that user group.

外模式是位于外部层，描述针对某些特定用户组关心的数据库的结构，剩下的部分则对他们是隐藏的.

data independence: Data independence can be defined as the capacity to change the schema at one level of a database system without having to change the schema at the next higher level.

数据独立性是在一个层次对一个数据库系统的模式的更

改而不用改变更高层次的数据库模式的性能.

client/server architecture: Client/server architecture is an underlying framework that consists of many PCs and workstation as well as smaller number of mainframe machines, connected via local area networks and other types of computer networks.

客户/服务器体系结构是一种底层架构，由许多计算机和工作站以及小数量的中央处理器组成，他们通过局域网和其他类型的计算机网络相联.