2020届高考英语小题狂练9：语法填空专练

2020届高考英语小题狂练9：语法填空专练

passage1

We want everyone to respect us. Do we respect everyone around us? The answer is a big NO! We don't respect 1 we think is better than us we don't respect poor and old people, and we don't respect who we feel is less better 2 us. So how can we win respect? The easiest way 3 (gain) respect is by giving respect.

Winning respect might be difficult but not impossible. Don't use bad language. Being 4 (help) and listening to someone are a sign of giving respect and 5 (win) respect as well. With patience and practice, you can get any kind of virtue.

Flowers are the main 6 (attract) of any type of decoration and in the same way respect is the beauty of life. Life is terrible 7 respect .Just think whenever you go to a party, every one there is not treated equally. Do you know why? Because of 8 (they) manners.

Why are we not treated sometimes as 9 (expect)? Because we do the same to others who have expectations from us. Relationship can be healthy if we never cross the walls of respect. Without respect, you can't live. You need respect everywhere in life, in work, in society or in family. A respected person

10 (speak) politely.

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The Hong Kong –Zhuhai–Macao Bridge, the world’s _____1_____ (long) cross-sea bridge, enters the history of human engineering and connection as a point of pride upon_____2_____ (it) opening to traffic at 9 am on Oct.24,2018.

One day after the opening was announced at a ceremony_____3_____ (hold) in Zhuhai, the bridge’s ports in three different administrative regions started serving travelers around the clock, opening 24 hours a day, seven days a

week_____4_____ (ensure) faster boundary crossings for passengers, the Macao and Zhuhai ports jointly use a one-off immigration model, _____5_____allows travelers to queue up only once to finish both exit and entry procedures of the two cities in about thirty_____6_____ (second).

Apart_____7_____private cars, taxis and goods vehicles, two types of public transportation—shuttle bus and cross-boundary coach—can also run on the HZMB. _____8_____frequency of shuttle buses is about 5-10 minutes during peak hours. Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance_____9_____ (be) available since 9 am on Tuesday. With the bridge now in service, the travelling time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong International Airport will _____10_____ (shorten) from 4 hours to 45 minutes.

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What makes the sea turn red and causes thousands of fish to die？As far back as anyone could remember，the blame was placed on the “red tides.”In

1947，scientists finally connected the red tides with a microscopic sea organism(有机体) 1. (call) the dinoflagellate.

The dinoflagellate is so tiny 2. 6,000 of these organisms may be contained in 3. single drop of water. It stands on the borderline between plant and animal in its classification. It produces its own food，as plants do. But it moves 4. (free) and eats other organisms，as animals do.

Dinoflagellates are normally only one of the many kinds of organisms found in plankton. Plankton is the name given to all very small 5. (form) of sea life. However，when the air and water 6. (be) calm and warm, dinoflagellates multiply with 7. (amaze) sped. The surface of the water appears 8. (cover) with a red carpet.

The dinoflagellates give off a poison. Many fish die. Their bodies are washed up on the beach. Beaches are not fit 9. any use. Fish that are not killed may become 10. (poison) to animals or people who eat them. Commercial fishing comes to a stop.

As dinoflagellates consume all the food and oxygen in an area，they die. After a time，the sea returns to normal. But when conditions are right，the red tide comes again.

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【2019·广东高三开学考试】As I tried describing Thanksgiving Day to my

in-laws(姻亲) in China, I could already see their eyes cloud over with 1. (confuse) and sense the questions arising in their minds. So I attempted 2._

(translate) the holiday through things they were familiar with. I described the roast turkey as something similar 3. Beijing duck. I compared the annual Thanksgiving show to the 4. (year) Spring Festival Gala(联欢会) on Chinese New Year’s Eve. And I characterized 5. entire celebration as an American version of Winter Solstice(冬至) in China. Yet as much as my in-laws 6. (nod) and smiled, I recognized that even these explanations were a poor substitute. No words could fully describe the Thanksgiving celebrations: I had known in the US.

This 7. (be) the kind of disappointment you face in cross-cultural communication. Despite all the differences, we can still sit down together and have heart-to-heart 8. (discussion) about each other’s traditions. So in the spirit of my American holiday, I silently gave a moment of thanks for 9. (have) in China such great in-laws, 10. cared enough to listen to their foreign daughter-in-law talk about Thanksgiving Day.

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【2019·山西高三开学考试】Our bodies can be younger or older than our actual age 1. (depend) upon diet, lifestyle choices and physical activity. This is called biological(生理的) age, 2. could be different from the age on your driver’s license, which 3. (call) chronological(时间的) age. 4. recent study of over 900 adults who were tracked for 12 years, from ages 26-38, 5. (show) that people who were aging faster, meaning that their biological age was higher than their chronological age, were not as healthy or 6. (physical) fit. This group was also more likely 7. (have) cognitive

decline(认知衰退) and was at a 8. (great) risk for age-related health conditions.

A growing body of research proves that the keys to aging successfully are a

9. (combine) of exercising regularly, keeping busy with life, and maintaining a healthy diet with nutritious foods. These three key elements could contribute 10. aging gracefully, and successfully, too.

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【2019·广东高考二模】Moving silently through Alibaba Group Holding Ltd’s “FlyZoo”hotel, black disc-shaped robots about a metre in height deliver food and drop off fresh towels.

The robots are part of a set of high-tech tools that Alibaba 1. (say) extremely cuts the hotel’s cost of human labour and removes the need for guests to interact 2. other people.

Inside the hotel, softly-lit white panelled walls bring to mind 3.

insides of Hollywood spaceships. Guests check in at reception desks that scan 4. (they) faces, as well as passports or other ID. 5. (visit) with a Chinese national ID can scan their faces using their smartphones to check in ahead of time.

At the hotel’s restaurant, taller capsule-shaped robots deliver food that guests 6. (order) via the FlyZoo app while at a separate bar, a large robotic arm can mix more than 20 different types of cocktails. Facial recognition cameras add charges to the room rate 7. (automatic).

The hotel does employ humans, 8. Alibaba refused to tell how many. This includes chefs and cleaners as well as reception staff, 9.

will assist with conventional check-in procedures for guests unwilling to have their faces 10. (scan) and want to use electronic key cards.

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【2019·广东佛山高三质量检测（一）】During the teenage years, many young people can at times be difficult to talk to. They often seem 1．(dislike) being questioned. They may be 2．(willing) to talk about their work in school. This is a normal 3．(develop) at this age, though it can be very hard for parents to understand. It is part of 4．(become) independent. They try to be adult while they are still growing up. Young people are usually more willing to talk if they believe that questions 5．(ask) out of real interest and not because people are trying to check up on them.

Parents should do their best to talk to their sons and daughters

6．their schoolwork and future plan 7．should not push them to talk if they don’t want to. As they try to be adult, 8．(teenager) may experiment with drugs, alcohol or smoking, so parents should 9．(careful) watch for any sign of unusual behavior 10．may be connected with these and get help if necessary.

【答案】

1．who 2．than 3．to gain 4．helpful 5．winning

6．attraction 7．without 8．their 9．expected 10．speaks

【解析】

1．考查名词性从句连接词。句意：我们不尊重那些我们认为比我们优秀的人。空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，且主语是人，we think 是插入语，不影响句子结构，故应填who。

2．考查介词。根据空前的better 可知，此处为比较级，故应填介词than。

3．考查非谓语动词。句意：获得尊重最简单的方法就是给予尊重。此处为不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way，way to do sth.做某事的方法。故填to gain。

4．考查形容词。句意：乐于助人和倾听他人是给予尊重和赢得尊重的标志。由Being 可知，此处应填一个形容词，故填形容词helpful。

5．考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故此处用winning 作介词of 的宾语。故填winning。

6．考查词性转换。句意：对于任何一种装饰来说，花儿都是最吸引人的。根据空前的the main 可推知，此处应填一个名词，故用名词形式attraction。

7．考查介词。根据上文的“respect life”可推知，没有尊重的生活是可怕的，故用介词without。

8．考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词their 修饰名词manners，在句子中作定语。句意：你知道为什么吗?因为他们的举止。故填their。

9．考查固定搭配。as expected 为固定搭配，意为“正如所想的那样”。故填expected。10．考查时态和主谓一致。全文时态为一般现在时，故此处也用一般现在时，且主语A respected person 为第三人称单数意义。故填speaks。

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【答案】

1．longest 2．its 3．held 4．to ensure

5．which

6．seconds 7．from 8．The 9．has been

10．be shortened

【解析】

1．考查形容词最高级。句意：2018年10月24日上午9时，世界上最长的跨海大桥——港珠澳大桥正式通车。根据前面的“the world’s”可知，此处要用形容词最高级，故填longest。

2．考查语境及形容词。句意：港珠澳大桥的通车进入人类工程学和连接的历史。分析句子可知，句（子）的主语是The Hong Kong –Zhuhai–Macao Bridge港珠澳大桥的通车，港珠澳大桥的，是它的，故填its。

3．考查过去分词作定语。句意：在珠海举行的开幕式宣布一天后，三个不同行政区的大桥港口开始24小时。分析句子可知，本空在句中作定语，修饰ceremony，它与动词hold 二者被动关系，且动作已发生了，故要用过去分词held。

4．考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为确保旅客过境速度更快，澳门和珠海口岸联合使用一次性移民模式。分析语境可知，本空在句中作目的状语，故填to ensure。

5．考查定语从句。句意：澳门和珠海口岸联合使用一次性入境模式，这种模式使得旅客只需排队一次。根据语境可知，此空是指代前面的一个句子，指代前面的句子要用which，故本空填which。

6．考查名词复数。根据空前“about thirty”可知，要用复数形式，故本空填名词复数seconds。

7．考查固定搭配。句意：除私家车、的士及货车外，穿梭巴士及跨境巴士也可在港珠澳大桥上行驶。apart from...为固定搭配，意为“除......之外”。故填from。

8．考查冠词。句意：高峰时段的班车频率约为5-10分钟。分析句子可知，本空是特指高峰时段的班车，因此要用定冠词，故填The。

9．考查现在完成时。句意：从周二上午9点开始，我们就可以提前在线预订班车的票。根据“since 9 am on Tuesday”可知，本句要用现在完成时，而主语是动词的ing形式，所以谓语动词要用单数，故填has been。

10．考查被动语态。句意：珠海至香港国际机场的往返时间将从4小时（被）缩短到45分钟。分析句子可知，主语（the travelling time）与谓语动词（shorten）二者是被动关系，因此要用被动，故填be shortened。

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【答案】

1. called

2. that

3. a

4. freely

5. forms

6. are

7. amazing

8. to be covered

9. for 10. poisonous

【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要内容是据科学家的调查可知，赤潮与一种叫作腰鞭毛虫的微小海洋生物有关，并阐述了这种海洋生物对海洋产生的影响。

1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：1947年,科学家最后发现赤潮与一种叫作腰鞭毛虫的微小海洋生物有关。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，“dinoflagellate”和“call”是被动关系，故填called。

2. 考查状语从句。句意：这些腰鞭毛虫是那么小，6000个单位的有机体可能包含在一滴水里。分析句子结构可知，空处填从属连词，再结合句意可知，so…that…用来引导状语从句，意为“如此……以至于”，故填that。

3. 考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再根据句意可知，a drop of意为“一滴……”，与题意相符，故填a。

4. 考查副词。句意：但是它可以自由移动并捕食其他生物,就像动物一样。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词，再根据句意可知，freely意为“自由地”，与题意相符，故填freely。

5. 考查名词的数。根据空前“all”可知，“all”后加名词复数，意为“所有……”，故填forms。

6. 考查主谓一致。句意：然而,当风平浪静，气候温暖时... ...。结合语境可知，此处用一般现在时，“air”和“water”都有独立的含义，且不构成成套名词，故用are。

7. 考查形容词。句意：鞭毛藻类以惊人的速度繁殖。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，再结合句意可知，amazing意为“令人惊讶的”，符合句意，故填amazing。

8. 考查固定搭配。句意：水面似乎被红毯覆盖着。根据句意可知，“appear to be”是固定搭配，意为“似乎好像”，且“the surface of the water”和“cover”之间是被动关系，故填to be covered。

9. 考查固定搭配。句意：海滩不再适合做任何用途。根据句意可知，“be fit for”是固定搭配，意为“适合、胜任”，与句意相符，故填for。

10. 考查形容词。句意：未被杀死的鱼可能对动物或食用它们的人有毒。分析句子结构可知，“become”是系动词，故空处填形容词，再结合句意可知，“poisonous”意为“有毒的”，故填poisonous。

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【答案】

1. confusion

2. to translate

3. to

4. yearly

5. the

6. nodded

7. is

8. discussions

9. having 10. who

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者为自己的公婆解释美国的感恩节的故事。

1. 考查名词。句意：当我试着向我在中国的公公婆婆描述感恩节时，我已经能看到他们困惑的眼神，感觉到他们脑海中浮现的问题。介词with后应跟名词形式，故填confusion。

2. 考查固定短语。句意：所以我试图通过他们熟悉的东西来解释这个节日。短语attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”，故填to translate。

3. 考查固定短语。句意：我说烤火鸡有点像北京烤鸭。短语be similar to“与……相似”，故填to。

4. 考查形容词。句意：我把一年一度的感恩节表演和除夕的春节联欢晚会做了比较。修饰名词短语“Spring Festival Gala”应用形容词，故填yearly。

5. 考查冠词。句意：我把整个庆祝活动描述成美国版冬至。此处特指“整个庆祝活动”应用定冠词，故填the。

6. 考查动词时态。句意：然而，尽管我的姻亲们点头微笑，我还是意识到，即使是这些解释，也只是一个简陋的替代品。根据下文并列谓语“and smiled”可知应用一般过去时，故填nodded。

7. 考查主谓一致和时态。句意：这就是你在跨文化交流中所面临的失望。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语“this”谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。

8. 考查名词的数。句意：尽管存在种种分歧，我们仍然可以坐在一起，坦诚地讨论彼此的传统。discussion为可数名词，且前面没有冠词，故用复数形式，填discussions。

9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，本着我的美国假期精神，我默默地感谢中国有这么伟大的公婆，他们非常关心听他们的外国儿媳谈论感恩节。for为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填having。

10. 考查定语从句连接词。句意同上。本句为定语从句修饰先行词“in-laws”，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故填关系代词who。

【点拨】“be+形容词+介词”相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面，形容词是短语动词的真正词义。同类的动词短语还有很多，如be patient with, be slow at等，日常学习注意积累。

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【答案】

1. depending

2. which

3. is called

4. A

5. showed

6. physically

7. to have

8. greater

9. combination 10. to

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了那些衰老速度更快的人，也就是他们的生理年龄高于实际年龄的人，健康状况或身体状况都不那么好。

1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的身体可能比实际年龄更年轻，也可能比实际年龄更老，这取决于我们的饮食、生活方式和体育活动。“Our bodies”与“depend”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故填depending。

2. 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：这叫作生理年龄,不同于你驾照上的实际年龄。先行词为“biological age”，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。

3. 考查时态语态。句意同上，“which”指代的是先行词“the age on your driver’s license”，与“call”之间是被动关系，且为客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is called。

4. 考查冠词。句意：最近的一项研究对900多名成年人进行了为期12年的跟踪调查，他们的年龄从26岁到38岁不等。研究显示，那些衰老速度更快的人，也就是他们的生理年龄高于实际年龄的人，健康状况或身体状况都不那么好。“study”表示“研究”时是可数名词，此处泛指“一项研究”，故填A。

5. 考查时态。句意同上，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填showed。

6. 考查副词。句意同上，修饰形容词“fit”用副词，故填physically。

7. 考查固定搭配。句意：这组人也更有可能出现认知能力下降，并且患上与年龄有关的健康问题的风险更大。be likely to do表示“有可能……”，故填to have。

8. 考查形容词比较级。句意同上，此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，是这组人与其他人的比较，故填greater。

9. 考查名词。句意：越来越多的研究证明，延缓衰老的关键是经常锻炼，保持忙碌的生活，保持健康的饮食这三者的结合。a combination of表示“……与……的结合”，故填combination。

10. 考查固定短语。句意：这三个关键因素可能有助于优雅地老去和延缓衰老。contribute to表示“有助于”，故填to。

【点拨】在做动词短语的题时，除了要记住固定搭配本身，也需注意其时态与语态。如小题7中的“be likely to do”中be动词应符合上下文行文逻辑，应用一般过去时；而小题10中“contribute to”前有情态动词“could”则可填动词原形。

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【答案】

1. says

2. with

3. the

4. their

5. Visitors

6. have ordered

7. automatically

8. though/but

9. who 10. scanned

【解析】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述了瑞士科学家发明了一款新的机器人，这款机器人看来有些象火蜥蜴。

1. 考查谓语动词。句意：阿里巴巴说这些工具极大地降低了酒店的人力成本。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作谓语动词。根据“and”后面的“removes”可知，本句要用一般现在时。主语是第三人称单数，所以填says。

2. 考查固定搭配。句意：不再需要客人与其他人之间的交流互动。interact with 为固定搭配，意为“与......互动”。故填with。

3. 考查冠词。句意：在酒店里，柔和的白色镶板墙让人想起了好莱坞宇宙飞船的内部。分析句子可知，本空格是特指“好莱坞宇宙飞船的内部”，要用定冠词the。

4. 考查人称代词。句意：客人在前台办理入住手续，前台扫描他们的脸，以及护照或其他身份证件。句子的主语是客人们，前台扫描的是客人们的脸，即他们的（their）脸，故填their。

5. 考查名词的复数。句意：持有中国身份证的游客可以使用智能手机提前扫描自己的脸来登记。根据句中的“their faces”可知，本题填名词的复数Visitors。

6. 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：更高的胶囊状机器人通过Flyzoo应用程序提供客人已经订购的食物。根据语境可知，本空格要用现在完成时。故填have ordered。

7. 考查副词辨析。句意：面部识别摄像机会自动将费用加到房价中。分析句子可知要，本空格在句中作状语修饰动词add ，因此要用副词automatically。

8. 考查连词。句意：尽管这家酒店确实雇佣了员工，但阿里巴巴拒绝透露雇佣人数。分析语境可知，前后两句是转折关系，故可以填though/but。

9. 考查定语从句。句意：这包括厨师、清洁工以及接待人员，他们将协助不愿意做面部扫描、希望使用电子钥匙卡的客人办理常规的入住手续。分析子“This includes chefs and cleaners as well as reception staff ... unwilling to have their faces”可

知，本句中的“chefs and cleaners as well as reception staff”是先行词，在后面的从句中作主语，指人要用who，故填who 。

10. 考查固定搭配。句意：们将协助那些不愿接受面部扫描、希望使用电子钥匙卡的客人办理常规的入住手续。Have+宾语+done表示宾语与作补语的动词二者是被动关系，要用过去分词scanned。

passage7

【答案】

1．to dislike 2．unwilling 3．development

4．becoming 5．are asked

6．about 7．but 8．teenagers

9．carefully 10．which/that

【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了青少年时期的特点和问题，以及父母应对这些问题的策略。

1．考查固定用法。句意：他们似乎常常不喜欢被询问。seem to do似乎，该用法是固定用法，所以填to dislike。

2．考查固定句型。上文说他们似乎常常不喜欢被询问，所以这里意思是他们可能不愿意谈论他们在学校的学业。be unwilling to do不愿意做某事，该句型是固定句型，所以填unwilling。

3．考查名词。句意：在这个年龄，这是正常的发展阶段，尽管对父母来说很难理解。前面有冠词，该空用名词，所以填development。

4．考查常见用法。句意：这是变得独立的部分表现。介词之后，接v-ing形式，所以填becoming。

5．考查时态和语态。句意：如果年轻人认为提问是出于真正的兴趣，而不是因为人们想检查他们，他们则通常更愿意交谈。“that questions ____5____(ask) out of real interest and not because people are trying to check up on them.”是一个宾语从句，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，“问题”和“询问”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填are asked。

6．考查介词。句意：父母应该尽他们最大的努力和他们的儿女谈论关于他们的学业和未来的计划，但如果他们不想谈论，不应该强迫他们。文中表示“关于”，所以填about。

7．考查连词。句意：父母应该尽他们最大的努力和他们的儿女谈论关于他们的学业和未来的计划，但如果他们不想谈论，不应该强迫他们。文中表示转折关系，所以填but。

8．考查名词单复数。句意：当他们试图成为成年人时，青少年可能会尝试毒品、酒精或吸烟，所以父母应该仔细观察可能与此有关的任何不寻常行为的迹象，并在必要时寻求帮助。该空作句子主语，用名词，表示“青少年”是复数意义，用名词复数，所以填teenagers。

9．考查副词。句意：当他们试图成为成年人时，青少年可能会尝试毒品、酒精或吸烟，所以父母应该仔细观察可能与此有关的任何不寻常行为的迹象，并在必要时寻求帮助。该空修饰动词“watch”，用副词，所以填carefully。

10．考查定语从句。“____10____may be connected with these”是一个定语从句，先行词是“any sign of unusual behavior”，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填which/that。