【外研版】2019届高考英语一轮复习：语法专项突破(12)及答案解析
第二部分语法专项突破(十二)
真题改编，语法填空
1．(2018·安徽·31改编)What we expect from you is working hard ________ hardly working.
答案：rather than 句意：我们对你的希望是努力工作，而不是几乎不干活。rather than“而不是”，符合句意。
2．(2018·天津·1改编)Give me a chance, ________ I'll give you a wonderful surprise.
答案：and 句意：如果你给我一个机会，我会给你一个惊喜的。本句为“祈使句＋and＋简单句”的句式结构。3．(2018·浙江·12改编)Facing up to your problems ________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
答案：rather than 句意：最好的解决问题的方法是面对你的问题，而不是逃避它们。rather than意为“而不是”，符合句意。
4．(2018·北京·21改编)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places.
答案：so 句意：有些动物把植物的种子从一地带到了另一地，所以植物才能够传播到新的地方。由句意可知，前后两句存在因果关系，所以so符合句意。
5．(2018·安徽·25改编)The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times ________ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”．
答案：before 句意：“nice”这个词的意思变化了几次，最终它才含有“pleasant”的意思。根据句意可知此处应用before表示“在……之前”。
6．(2018·天津·11改编)We won't start the work until all the preparations ________(make)．
答案：have been made 句意：只有当所有的准备工作做完之后我们才能开始工作。此处为not...until...句式，考查时间先后关系。主句为一般将来时，从句用现在完成时，表示“所有的准备做好了，我们就会开始工作”。
7．(2018·湖南·26改编)You will never gain success ________you are fully devoted to your work. 答案：unless 句意：如果你不全身心投入工作，你就不可能获得成功。根据主从句的意思及逻辑关系可知，后面句子为前面句子的条件。unless“除非，要不是”，符合句意。
8．(2018·重庆·4改编)You'd better write down her phone number before you ________(forget) it. 答案：forget 句意：趁着你还记着她的电话号码，你最好把它写下来。before引导时间状语从句时，从句中用一般现在时代替将来时。
9．(2018·天津·4改编)________ you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.
答案：Once 句意：只要你开始更健康的饮食，控制体重就很容易了。unless“除非”，符合句意。10．(2018·山东·2改编)I don't really like the author, ________ I have to admit his books are very exciting.
答案：although 句意：虽然我得承认他的书令人感到兴奋，但是我确实不喜欢这位作者。although“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合句意。
11．(2018·北京·29改编)________if the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. 答案：Even 句意：即使那个森林公园遥远，但还是有许多游客每年都要去游玩。结合句意可知，此处应用even if “即使”引导让步状语从句。
12．(2018·重庆·14改编)Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn't get a taxi ________ the bus had dropped her.
答案：where 句意：半小时后，露西仍然在她下公共汽车的地方，没有找到出租车。where the bus had dropped her在句中作地点状语。
13．(2018·天津·5改编)Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only ________(find) it didn't fit.
答案：to find 句意：情急之下，她从包裹中拿出一件衣服试了一下，结果却发现不合身。only to do sth.表示出乎意料的结果。
14．(2018·浙江·15改编)Cathy had quit her job when her son was born ________that she could stay home and raise her family.
答案：so 句意：Cathy在她儿子出生的时候就辞去了工作，这样她就能在家里照顾家人了。根据句意可知，此处是so that引导的目的状语从句。
15．(2018·新课标全国Ⅰ改编)There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery ________ another man, also intelligent, fails.
答案：while 句意：我们无法得知，为什么一个人有重大发现，而另一个人，也很聪明，却失败了。根据句意
可知，空处前后为对比关系，故应用while，表示“而，但是”。
16．(2018·新课标全国Ⅱ改编)I was glad to meet Jenny again, ________ I didn't want to spend all day with her.
答案：but 句意：我很高兴再次见到Jenny，但是我不想整天和她在一起。前后为转折关系，故用but。17．(2018·四川改编)Read this story, ________ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
答案：and 句意：读这个故事，然后你就会明白并不是所有东西都能用钱买到。“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”为固定句型。根据句意可知此处表示顺承关系，故用and。
18．(2018·重庆改编)It's not easy to change habits, ________ with awareness and self-control, it is possible.
答案：but 句意：改变习惯不容易，但是只要有意识和自控力，这就是可能的。由前后分句的意义可知，此处表示转折关系，故用but。
19．(2018·北京改编)Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, ________ you could have problems.
答案：or 句意：在你关闭所有的程序之前不要关掉电脑，否则可能会出现问题。此处or表示“否则”。20．(2018·山东改编)________ I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.
答案：Whenever 句意：无论何时发表演讲，我在开始之前都会很紧张。根据句意可知，此处所缺的意思是“无论何时”，所以用whenever。
21．(2018·陕西改编)I have heard a lot of good things about you ________ I came back from abroad. 答案：since 句意：自从我从国外回来，我就听说了很多关于你的好事。since“自从”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。
22．(2018·湖南改编)You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________ you reach any decision.
答案：before 句意：做任何决定之前你都要顾及自己的情感和理智。此处用before引导时间状语从句。“顾及自己的情感和理智”与“做任何决定”是一种先后关系，前者在后者之前，因此用before。23．(2018·江苏改编)In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ________ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.
答案：wherever 分析句子结构可知，“________it is discovered”为状语从句，空处在从句中作地点状语，因此选wherever，表示“无论在哪里”。
24．(2018·重庆改编)________ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case.
答案：Unless 句意：除非有足够的证据，否则我们就不能胜诉。unless“除非”，符合句意。25．(2018·江西改编)She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves.
答案：unless 句意：她说她将不得不关掉商店，除非生意好转。根据句意可知用unless。
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2019年高考英语语法填空合 （全国卷I 全国卷II 全国卷III） 2019年高考英语（全国卷I）语法填空 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
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