中考英语非谓语动词专项及解析(1)

中考英语非谓语动词专项及解析(1)
中考英语非谓语动词专项及解析(1)

必备英语中考英语非谓语动词专项及解析

一、非谓语动词

1.Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided ______ his own restaurant.

A. open

B. opened

C. to open

D. opening

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:周先生擅长烹饪,他已经决定开一家自己的餐馆。搭配:decide to do sth. 决定做某事;故答案为C。

【点评】考查动词不定式,牢记固定搭配。

2.—What does the sign mean?

—It tells us ____________ in public.

A. didn't smoke

B. don't smoke

C. not to smoke

D. not smoke

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——这个标志是什么意思——它告诉我们在公众场所不要吸烟。

根据短语tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”,故此处为动词不定式not to smoke。故

选C。

【点评】考查固定搭配tell sb not to do sth。

3.—Have you ever heard that China is building a nationwide 5G network?

—Right. 5G will allow us ________ English movies faster than ever.

A. download

B. downloads

C. to download

D. downloading

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意——你听说了中国正在建造全国5G网络吗?——对,5G将会让我

们比原来更快的速度下载英文电影。allow sb to do sth,允许某人做某事,固定短语,应使

用动词不定式,故答案是C。

【点评】考查动词不定式,注意识记固定搭配allow sb. to do sth结构。

4.To live a low-carbon life, we must remember ________ the lights when we leave the room.

A. to turn off

B. turning off

C. not to turn off

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:要过低碳生活,我们必须记住离开房间时要关掉灯。remember (not)to do sth.忘记要做的事;remember doing sth.忘记已经做过的事。根据句末when we leave the room.可知关灯的动作还没有做,此处表示肯定含义,要用不定式的肯定式,

故选A。

【点评】考查动词remember的固定搭配。根据所表示的含义选择正确的搭配。

5. Mr. Smith told his son _____ the football match because of the exam.

A. not to watch

B. to not watch

C. not watching

D. doesn't watch

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:因为考试,史密斯先生告诉他的儿子不要看足球比赛。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”,故此处用动词不定式not to watch。故选A。

6.Bruce practices basketball every day so that he can be a better player.

A. play

B. to play

C. playing

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:Bruce每天练习打篮球以便他能成为一位更好的运动员。practice + doing sth练习做某事。故选C。

7.Young people are encouraged to work hard ____their own dreams.

A. achieve

B. achieves

C. to achieve

D. achieved

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:鼓励年轻人努力工作,实现自己的梦想。根据句意可知their own dreams是workhard的目的,常用动词不定式来表示目的,故选C。

【点评】考查动词不定式的基本用法——作目的状语。

8.— Jane's spoken English is pretty good.

— Yeah, she works hard and practices it both in and out of class.

A. spoke

B. to speak

C. speaking

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:--简的口语很好。--是的,她工作很努力,在课堂上和课外经常练习。短语practicedoing sth.练习做某事。故选C。

9.Mount Xiaolei is not far away from here, but it will still take us a few hours there by bike.

A. getting

B. to get

C. got

D. get

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:小雷山离这儿不远,但是骑车还是要花我们几小时到那儿。做某事花某人多长时间的结构是:It takes sb. some time to do sth,即:前用it作形式主语,后用带to的不定式作真实的主语。故选B。

10.My little brother didn't go to bed until he finished his homework last night.

A. do

B. doing

C. to do

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:昨天晚上我弟弟直到完成作业才睡觉。finish doing sth完成做某事,故答案为B。

【点评】考查动名词的用法,掌握固定搭配。

11.—You'd better advise him ______ anything out of the window while driving.

—I will. He has to know it's dangerous.

A. not throwing

B. no throwing

C. not to throw

D. don't throw

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:——你最好劝他开车时不要向车窗外乱扔东西。——我会的。他必须知道这很危险。advise,建议、劝告,固定搭配advise sb. not to do sth.劝告某人不要做某事。故选C。

【点评】考查固定搭配advise sb. not to do sth.。

12.We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.

A. not leave

B. not to leave

C. leave

D. to leave

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险,我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事,动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。结合句意,故选B

13.—Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.

—Wait a minute. It's dangerous ______ it while crossing the street.

A. answering

B. answer

C. to answer

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:—-朱丽亚,你的手机响了。—等一下。过马路时接电话是危险的。It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……,是固定句式,it是形式主语,不定式结构做真正主语。故选C。

【点评】考查动词不定式做主语的句式。熟记此句式,并能熟练运用。

14.________ of the road ________ broken down. It needs ________.

A. Three-fourths; was; repaired

B. Three quarters; has; to repair

C. Three-fourth; was; to be repaired

D. Three quarters; has; repairing

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:四分之三的路已经坏掉了,它需要修了。根据分数表达法,当分

子超过一时,分母加s,所以排除C;路需要修,是被动,可以最后一个空可以用need doing 或者need to be done 两者形式来表达,故排除A,B ;故答案为D。

【点评】考查分数和动名词。掌握分数的表达和主动表被动的用法。

15.I got up early this morning my grandma at the airport.

A. to pick up

B. picking up

C. picked up

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】我今天早上早早起床,为了在机场接我的奶奶。短语pick up表示接某人,用动词不定式to do表示目的。根据题意,故选A。

【点评】考查动词不定式。掌握动词不定式做目的状语的用法。

16.Michael visits many websites ________ about Chinese culture.

A. learn

B. learned

C. to learn

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:Michael为了了解中国文化浏览了很多网站。用动词不定式作目的状语,因此用to learn,故选C。

【点评】考查动词的形式。注意动词不定式的用法。

17.Granny often tells us _______ water in our daily life.

A. save

B. saving

C. to save

D. saves

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:奶奶经常告诉我们在日常生活中要节约用水。tell sb. to do sth.,故选C。

【点评】考查非谓语动词的用法。

18.Please keep ___________ and never give up. One day we will realize our big dream. A. try B. tried C. trying D. to try

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:请坚持尝试,不要放弃。有一天我们将会实现我们伟大的梦想。keep doing sth.坚持做某事,固定短语,故选C。

【点评】此题考查固定短语keep doing。

19.——______healthy, you should eat ______and exercise more.

——I can't agree with you more.

A. Keep,more

B. To keep,less

C. To keep,fewer

D. Keeping,less

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】less是little的比较级,意思是更少的;more是much和many的比较级,意思是更多的。句意:——为了保持健康,你应该少吃多锻炼。——我完全同意你的观点。动词不定式做目的状语表示具体的将要进行的动作,结合语境可知选B。

【点评】非谓语动词的用法比较固定,区别的主要办法一是和被修饰词的关系。一般现在分词和被修饰词是主谓关系,过去分词和被修饰词是动宾关系。二是表示动作状态的不同,现在分词表示正在进行的伴随性动作,过去分词表示发生过的被动的动作,不定式表示具体的将要进行的动作。掌握这两点,基本就能完成此类问题。

20.Don't forget _____ off the lights and air conditioner when you leave.

A. turn

B. to turn

C. turning

D. to turning

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意:当你离开的时候,不要忘了关灯和空调。forget to do sth.不要忘记去做某事;forget doing sth.忘记做过的事情.。根据句意when you leave.当你离开的时候,可知你还没有去做关灯这件事,故选B。

【点评】此题考查动词短语辨析。注意forget to do sth.和forget doing sth.的区别。

21.________ the environment, many supermarkets stopped providing free plasticbags. A. To protect B. Protect C. Protects D. Protected

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:为了保护环境,许多超市停止提供免费的塑料袋。A.to protect动词不定式,为了保护(表目的);B.protect动词原形;C.protects 单三;D.protected动词过去式。根据句意可知许多超市停止提供免费的塑料袋的目的是保护环境,用动词不定式表目的,To protect,故选A。

【点评】考查动词不定式表目的,注意谓语和非谓语的区分。

22.He promised _______ play computer games again.

A. don't

B. not to

C. doesn't

D. to not

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:他承诺不再玩电脑游戏。promise to do,承诺做…...,不定式的否定形式是not to do,故选B。

【点评】考查固定搭配,注意promise to do的用法。

23.It's very kind you_____ help the old people in need.

A. to, in

B. of ,to

C. at,for

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】这题考查介词和不定式的用法,It’s +adj.+of sb. to do sth表示:对某人来说做…是…的,这里不定式是做主语,it是形式主语。选B。句意是:你能帮助需要帮助的

老人真是太好了。

【点评】掌握介词的用法。

24.— I get along well with everyone in our group.

—Really? Could you please tell me _______?

A. how to do

B. how to do that

C. how can I do that

D. how do you do that

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查宾语从句及“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。句意为“——我和我们组里的每一个人相处得都很好。——真的吗?你可以告诉我如何才能和每个人相处得好吗?”一方面,宾语从句应用陈述语序;另一方面,选项A缺失宾语,故选B。

25.—You can only keep the books for two weeks, Tom. Remember ____them on time.

—I will.

A. return

B. returning

C. to return

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:—这些书你能借两周,汤姆,记住按时归还它们。—我会的。remember to do记住去做某事; remember doing记得做过某事。根据You can only keep the books for two weeks, 可知借了之后要记得去还,记得去做某事要用to do,故选C。

【点评】考查remember的用法。牢记remember to do和remember doing的不同。

二、动词被动语态

26.

—Have you heard of the Big Ben?

—Of course. It a symbol of UK.

A. regards as

B. is regarded as

C. is regarded to

D. regards to

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:一你听说过大本钟吗?一当然。它被看作是英国的象征。句中的It 代指Big Ben是动作regard的承受者,该用被动语态。而被动语态是由:be动词+实意动词的过去分词构成。be regarded as 被……看作,所以选B。

27.—Do you know the 19th Asian Games ________in Hangzhou in 2022?

—Yes, we are all happy with the news.

A. hold

B. will hold

C. will be held

D. were held

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——你知道滴19届亚运会将于2022年在杭州举办吗?——是的,我们对这个消息很高兴。主语是“亚运会”,与谓语动词hold时间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,根据2022可知是将来时,将来时的被动语态结构式will be +过去分词,故答案是C。

【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态,注意将来时被动语态的结构。

28.Computers_______ many things and we_______ these modern machines.

A. are used to doing; are used to use

B. are used to do; are used to using

C. used to do; are used to using

D. are used to do; used to use

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:电脑用来做许多的事情,我们习惯于使用这些现代的机器。be used to do sth,被用来做……,be used to doing sth 习惯于做……,used to do sth,过去常常做某事。根据句意,故选B。

【点评】考查被动语态的用法。

29.This pair of chopsticks ________ of bamboo.

A. is made

B. are made

C. made

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:这双筷子是有竹子制成的。描述客观事实用一般现在时,make与主语是被动关系,故用被动语态,be done,主语是pair,第三人称单数,故be动词用is,故选A。

【点评】考查被动语态,注意主谓一致的用法。

30.John can't go to the party on Thursday because he to go out on school nights.

A. allowed

B. is allowed

C. isn't allowed

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】be+动词的过去分词构成被动语态,其否定形式为be+not+动词过去分词,句意:John不能参加周四的聚会,因为他在工作日的晚上不被允许外出。故选C。【点评】考查被动语态的用法。

31.—Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class?

—Paper __________fast __________about 2,000 years ago in China.

A. is; invented

B. was; invented

C. is; inventing

D. was; inventing

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——Lucy,从这节历史课你已经学到了什么?——在中国大约2000年前纸被迅速发明。根据about 2,000 years ago,可知时态是一般过去时,排除A、C。主语paper 是动作invent 的承受者,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,invent的过去分词是invented,故选B。

【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意平时识记,理解句意。

32.In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart.

A. say

B. said

C. will be said

D. are said

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:在中国文化中,据说猴年出生的孩子很聪明。分析句子结构,主语children与say是被动关系,叙述客观事实,可知用一般现在时的被动语态,由be (am,is are)+过去分词构成,根据主语children,可知系动词用are,因此用are said,故选D。

【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语和谓语之间的主动和被动关系确定句子的语态。

33.More chances _____ for students to learn from each other if working in groups.

A. provide

B. are provided

C. provided

D. will provide

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:如果以小组学习,将给学生提供更多的彼此学习的机会。根据主语More chances“更多的机会”是被提供的,故是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态:be+过去分词,故可以排除ACD,故选B。

【点评】考查被动语态,其结构为be+过去分词。

34.Moon cakes for free to those old people this coming Moon Festival.

A. were offered

B. will offer

C. have offered

D. will be offered

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:在这个即将到来的中秋节月饼将免费送给那些老人。主语与动词之间是被动的关系,his coming Moon Festival.即将到来的中秋节,可知时态为一般将来时态,因此句子选用一般将来时态的被动语态。故答案为D。

【点评】此题考查一般将来时态的被动语态,构成为will be+过去分词。

35.Has everything can be done ?

A. what; done

B. that; been done

C. that; already done

D. what; already being done 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:要做的事情已经做完了吗?第一空根据先行词everything,可知后面的引导词用that;第二空根据询问是否过去已经完成,及everything和do的动宾关系,可知时态应用现在完成时的被动语态has been+过去分词。故选B。

【点评】考查定语从句和现在完成时的被动语态。注意掌握现在完成时的被动语态结构:has been+过去分词。

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