主语从句
常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语
主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。
（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等
（2)连词位于句首不能省略
（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数,但也有例外
（1）为避免头重脚轻,常以形式主语it引导从句. It+形式主语谓语+从句.
（2）由于主语从句一般被认为是单数形式，形式主语的谓语动词、be动词+表语均为单数第三人称形式或过去式.
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
①主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+{名词/形容词/过去分词}+主语从句例如：
It is still a question whether she will come or not.
It is strange that you should like him.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
另外，还有一些比较多见的结构：
It turned out that……；
It has been proved that……;
It happened/occurred that……；
It is well-known that……等等
②而强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句
强调主语：It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄
强调宾语：It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us.
强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw the film.
判断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is +名词+that从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is +形容词+that从句
It is natural that… 很自然…
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…
(3) it is+不及物动词+that从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4) it is+过去分词+that从句
It is reported that… 据报道…
It has been proved that… 已证实…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：What you said yesterday is right.
名词从句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command, doubt
等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如：
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。
2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。例如：
I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；
b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“or not”时；e. 后接动词不定式时。例如：
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他来还是不来。
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告诉我是去还是留？
4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用
不同时态。例如：
I know (that) he studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时）
I know (that) he studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时）
I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时）
I know (that) he has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，
过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在
时态。例如：
The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．
5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中
的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：
We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
二：宾语从句用以区分主语从句的几个特征：
1、引导词：what\which\whose\when\whether\if\where
2语序：宾语从句必须是用陈述语句。
如：I think that you must work harder.
宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区别、否定转移等现象。
(1)表达时间的几个句型：一般用when或者是what time：
What time will the train leave?
由于时刻都是固定的，也可以用一般现在时代替一般将来时：
What time does the train leave?
(2)时间的表达方式：8：19(nineteen past eight),7:57(three to eight)，在时间的中间也
可以加上分的单词(minutes)
(3)had better +动词原型。意思是提要求，建议。但是上下级不能用这种方式，因为语气太重：
You had better give up smoking .
(4)sb leave sth +地点
I left my book in my classroom yesterday.
(5)may I have your name(address\age)?一般询问对方的年龄、名字等，不要习惯以前的问法，这样很不礼貌，而是要采访上面的问法。以前的习惯是：how old are you? \what's your name?
(6)修饰名词的代词次序：限-描-大-形---年---颜----籍----物--------类+名词：
this is a bridge.
This is a beautiful bridge
补充：从句的语序永远是陈述句。
在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if 引导。其基本结构为：主语 + 系动词 + that从句。例如：
The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。
This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。
Th at is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .
【注意】whether 可引导表语从句，但与之同义的if却通常不用于引导表语从句。
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名
词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that 引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that 引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
That引导的名词性从句
（1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：
主语：That she is still alive is her luck. 她还活着全靠运气。
宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that…有必要……
It is important that…重要的是……
It is obvious that…很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that…人们相信……
It is known to all that…众所周知……
It has been decided that…已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that………是常识
It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that…事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句
It appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起……
What引导的名词性从句
1）由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法
功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等，例如：主语： How the book will sell depends on its author. 书销售如何取决于作者本人。
直接宾语：In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以随心所欲。
间接宾语：The club will give whoever wins a prize.
俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。
表语： My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的问题是
谁将接任该基金会主席职位。
宾语补足语：She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么
名字。
同位语：I have no idea when he will return.
我不知道他什么时候回来。
形容词宾语：I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她为什么
拒绝他们的邀请。
介词宾语：That depends on where we shall go.
那取决于我们去哪儿。
2）Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语，而将wh-从句置于句末，例如：
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
还没决定谁做这项工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他们何时结婚依然不明。
if, whether引导的名词从句
1）yes-no型疑问从句
从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别
被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同，例如：主语：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有待证实。
宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我
们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借
钱给他。
同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy. 他们
调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语： She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够
前来。
介词宾语： I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我
担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
2）选择性疑问从句
选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成，例如：
Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是
丹麦人。
I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。
if和whether的区别：
1、在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。如：
例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
2、在whether …… or n ot 的固定搭配中。如：
例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。
3 、在介词后，只能用whether。如：
例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失
去工作。
4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether 。如：
Whether this is true or not, I really d on’t know. 这是否真的，我真的不知道。
（例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他们是否能准
时完成这项工作还是个问题。－－此例为主语从句，有误，感谢指出）
5、用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如：
例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ?
这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether可避免歧义.
否定转移
1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转
移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don't think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。
I don' t believe he will come. 我相信他不回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。
2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
It doesn't seem that they know where to go.
看来他们不知道往哪去。
It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.
看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
3) 有时将动名词，介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。
I don't remember having ever seen such a man.
我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语having…)
It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.
在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。
(anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)
4) 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。
The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because 状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。
She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. (否定状语many weeks) 她结婚还不到几个星期，这个人的弟弟就看见
她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。
主语从句和强调句造句
主语从句造句： 1.How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount and reliability of the information used. 这些预测以后将在多大程度上被之后的表现证实，取决于所采用信息的数量和可靠性。 2.It is often important that you make it clear what your particular role is at a given time. 你要搞清楚在指定时期内你的特定角色是什么，这很重要。 3.It is reported that the unemployment rate is very high in many developed countries because financial crisis. 据报道，由于金融危机，很多发达国家的失业率都很高。 4.That mental health is important to physical condition is a fact. 精神健康对身体状况很重要，这是一个事实。 5.That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. 他在这么短的时间内完成了写作使我们所有人都惊讶。 6.Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. 我们明天是否会去远足有待商榷。 7.What make the river more beautiful are the plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。 8.What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我印象深刻的是他们都受过很多苦。 9.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。 10.Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference. 你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别。 11.It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy. 诚实是最好的政策是共识。 12.What they need most is not financial aid or loan but advanced technologies and talents in certain key areas.
主语从句做主语
主语从句做主语，主句谓语动词的单复数需根据从句表示的单复数意义决定。1．what引导的主语从句做主语 （1）通常情况下，由what引导的主语从句放在句首时，其后的谓语动词，按语法一致的原则用单数。eg:What she said is correct. What caused the accident is not clear. （2）当主句中的表语是复数形式，或what从句的谓语动词及其补足语均为复数形式时，主句的谓语动词应用复数。eg:What he gave me are five English books. What are used as chief building materials today are steel and concrete. （3）当what引导的主语从句是一个由and连接的并列结构时，应根据句意确定其表达的单复数意义，然后决定主句谓语动词的单复数形式。 eg:What he says and acts does not concern me. What he says and acts do not agree. What I say and what I think are no business of yours. 2．由其它词引导的从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Whether they will hold a party or not has not been decided. Who is responsible for the accidents is not clear. 3．当同一个主语从句是由两个不同的引导词引导时，因为它表达的还是同一件事，因此，谓语动词一般用单数。 eg:When and where we should hold the meeting has not been decided yet. 4．当主语是由两个由and连接的主语从句组成，通常表示的是两件不同的事情，主句谓语动词需用复数形式。 What you eat and how much you exercise are important factors in a weight loss program. What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.
名词性从句之主语从句讲解
名词性从句---主语从句 1. What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2. Her wish is that she can lose weight soon. 3. I think that woman can reach every high achievements in many fields of science. 4. We were very excited at the news that our team had won. 引导名词性从句的关联词可分为三类： 一．从属连词：that（无任何词意） whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分二．连接代词：what, who, whom, which，whose, whatever, whoever, whichever(作主宾表定) 三．连接副词：when, where, how, why(作状语) I.主语从句 1.定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 2.位置：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 3.引导主语从句的关联词： (1)从属连词that,whether,if (在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用) That Jack won the match yesterday surprised us. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. (此处不能用if) (2)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever(充当主宾表定) What she did is not known. Whoever comes is welcome. (3)连接副词where,when,how,why(在从句中充当状语) How this happened is not clear to anyone. When the meeting will be held is decided by our manager. 4.有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把真正主语放在句子末尾。 How the book will sell depends on its author. = It depends on its author how the book will sell. That he is the best student in the class is obvious. = It is obvious that he is the best student in the class. 用it作形式主语的几种常见结构： (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It ap pears that… 似乎… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句
各类从句讲解与例句
英语中六大从句用法总结 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2）非谓语动词之后的宾语从句 Reading that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing. 这个外国人知道了这只是风俗的不同后，就笑了笑，没说什么。 On being asked whether he had any good food in Germany, he answered ”Terrible”. 一问到他在德国是否吃过什么好菜，他就回答说：“糟糕的很”。 3)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 4)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how 等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。不缺其他成分时，用that引导，且不可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies. It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller. 4.同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后。 She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show. I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time. The news came that their team had won the championship.
主语从句用法小结
主语从句用法小结 勉县第二中学高二（7）班郭恬 指导老师：李艳 请观察下列句子, 注意主语从句的特点。 1. That the earth travels round the sun is a well-known fact. 2. Whether the artist can do it or not is uncertain. 3. Who will act the lead in the play has not been decided yet. 4. Where the young man has gone is not known. 5. When and where the test will be given is not yet decided. 【归纳总结】主语从句必须有引导词；主语从句用陈述句语气。 1. 引导主语从句的词有： 连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who, whose, whom, whoever, what, which等； 连接副词where, when, whenever, wherever, how, why等。 主语从句引导词的选择： 1).连接词: that, whether (1) That he will win is certain. (2) It has been reported that sales of beef in China will increase. (3) Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. (4) Whether he ’ll join us in the discussion is of great importance. 2) 连接代词: who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 等。 (1) It is clear who is afraid of having a change in land ownership. (2) Whose bag it is cannot be told. (3) What India needs is a law to make land ownership fairer. (4) It is not yet decided which cash crop will be produced next year. (5) Whatever he said was right.
英语主语从句
主语从句 （一）主语从句的标记主语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。 1. that引导 That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。 That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。 That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。 That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。 That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。 That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上，在她村子里引起很大轰动。 2. whether引导 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。 Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 3. 连接代词引导 Whoever (=anyone who) fails to see this will make a big blunder. Whatever(=anything that) she did was reasonable. 无论什么 Anything that she did was reasonable. Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。Whichever(=anything that) you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。 What do you need? What you need is a good rest. I don’t know what you need? 4. 连接副词引导 When we arrive doesn’t matter. 什么时候到没有关系。 When do we arrive? How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。 How was it done? How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 How did this happen? How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是一个问题。How many people are we to invite? Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。 Where do i spend my summer? 5. 连接代词型what引导 What(=the thing that) we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。What do we need? What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。What’s done is done. 事已成定局。 What=the thing that he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。What does he say? What I am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。 What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。（二）
高考英语主语从句讲解
高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
1. 主语从句
主语从句( if除外) 一定义：在复合句中充当主语的句子，叫主语从句；位于句首。 二：读例句，理解句意，思考，分析，总结。 1：连接词that 引导的主语从句： EG:1）That you are so angry bothers me. 你如此生气使我很烦恼。 2）That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。 3）It was a pity (that) you didn’t go to the talk.很遗憾你没有去听报告。 4）That he has moved to New York is not true.= It is not true that he has moved to New York. 5）That the earth is round is true.= It is true that the earth is round. 总结：在连接词that 引导的主语从句中，that ___含义，在句子___做成分，__省。EX: 1)______ he will succeed is certain. 2) ________ you didn’t go to the park was a pity. 3) ______ you will win the medal seems unlikely. 2: 连接词whether引导的主语从句。 EG: 1）Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance. 2）Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 3）Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。 4）Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come. 总结：在连接词whether 引导的主语从句中，whether__含义，____做成分，__ 省。EX: 1) ______ she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. 她来不来都无关紧要。 2) ______ they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 3) _______ to hold the meeting has not been discussed. 3：在连接代词（who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever）引导的主语从句中。 EG: 1）What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2）Who will be sent to carry out the task has been settled. 3）Whom she borrowed money from still puzzled me. 4）Which side will win is not clear. 5）What I want to know is this. 6）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.( _____ 从句) = Anyone who breaks the law will be punished . ( _____ 从句) 比较：Whoever breaks the law , he should be punished. ( _____ 从句) = No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ( _____ 从句) 总结：在连接代词引导的主语从句中，连接代词__含义，___成分，做___语、___语、___语，_____ 省。
主语从句例句
主语从句 1.That he is still alive is a wonder. 2.That we shall be late is certain. 3.That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 4.That she is still alive is a consolation. 5.That she became an artist may have been due to her father's influence. 6.That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 7.That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 8.Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 9.Whether they would support us was a problem. 10.Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet. 11.Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 12.Whichever you want is yours. 13.When we arrive doesn't matter. 14.How it was done was a mystery. 15.How this happened is not clear to anyone. 16.How many people we are to invite is still a question. 17.Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 18.What we need is money. 19.What I want to know is this. 20.What's done is done. 21.What he says is not important. 22.What I am telling you is mere impressions. 23.What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 24.What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 25.What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 26.What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 27.It's a pity that he didn't come. 28.It is important that he should know about this. 29.It's vital that we be present. 30.It was intended that you be the candidate. 31.It is important that this mission not fail. 32.It is essential that a meeting be convened this week. 33.It is appropriate that this tax be abolished. 34.It's unfair that so many people should lose their jobs. 35.It's amazing that she should have said nothing about it. 36.It's unthinkable that they should deny my request. 37.That they should refuse to sign the petition required great courage. 38.Whether they would support us was a problem. 39.It was a problem whether they would support us. 40.It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 41.What we need is money. 42.What I want to know is this.
主语从句和形容词加介词的用法
It + be + adj.+ that... 主语从句中常见的一种形式，即以引导词that引出的主语从句，常以形式主语it 代替。主语从句的时态不受主句的时态影响和限制，根据句子意思用适当的时态。结构：It is+adj.+that从句。常用于这个句型的形容词有：necessary, important, clear, strange, true, good, wonderful, possible, unusual, certain, surprising; interesting等。 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1．他可能已经把一切都告诉她了。 ____ is possible that he ____ ____ her everything. 2．海怪突然出现了很奇怪。 It ____ _____ that sea monsters suddenly ___________. 3．毫无疑问她将会在测验中做得很好。 It is certain _____ she ____ ____ well in her exam. 用适当的形容词填空 1. Miss Li often says that it is ________ to learn a foreign language well. 2. Look at the black clouds in the sky. It is ________ to rain soon. 3. It is ________ that Sunday is the first day of the week. 4. Isn’t it ________ that chickens can swim? 5. Is it ________ the lazy boy can catch up with all his classmates? 很多形容词可以与介词连用。我们已学过很多这样的搭配，现在一起来复习一下。形容词与某个特定的介词连用，表示某个特定的意思。 ①与about连接的形容词：be worried about“担心……”；be excited about“对……感到兴奋”；be careful about“小心、谨慎”；be mad about“狂热地迷恋”；be anxious about “为……感到焦虑”；feel nervous about/ at“对……感到心神不安”。 ②与at连接的形容词：be shocked at“对……感到震惊”；be good at“擅长……”；be bad at“在某方面不好或坏”；be angry at/ about sth“对……生气”；be mad at sb“对……发怒”；be surprised at“对……感到惊讶”。 ③与as连接的形容词：be famous/ known as“作为……而著名”；be known as “被叫作……”。 ④与for 连接的形容词：be good for“对……有好处”；be bad for“对……有害”；be afraid for“为……而担心”；be famous / known for sth“因……而著名”；be mad for “渴望”；be happy for“为……感到高兴”；be responsible for“负责，有责任”；be free for“对……免费”；be available for“有空的”；be thankful for“感谢，感激……”；be ready for“为……做准备”。 ⑤与from 连接的形容词：be different from“与……不同”。 ⑥与of 连接的形容词：be short of“缺乏……”；be afraid of“害怕……”；be unaware of “没意识到……，不知道……”；be tired of“厌倦，厌烦……”；be proud of“为……感到自豪”；be full of“充满……的”。 ⑦与on 连接的形容词：be based on“基于，根据”；be keen on“喜爱”；be dependent on “依靠”。
主语从句例句
主语从句 一、翻译下列句子 1.That he is still alive is a wonder. 2.That we shall be late is certain. 3.That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 4.That you are coming to London is the best news 5.Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 6.Whether they would support us was a problem. 7.Whether they would support us was a problem. 8.When we arrive doesn't matter. 9.When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. 10.How it was done was a secret 11.How this happened is not clear to anyone. 12.How many people we are to invite is still a question. 13.Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 14.What we need is money. 15.What I want to know is this. 16.What he says is not important. 17.What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 18.What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 19.It's a pity that he didn't come. 20.It is important that he should know about this. 21.It's unfair that so many people should lose their jobs. 22.It's amazing that she should have said nothing about it. 23.It's unthinkable that they should deny my request. 24.It seems that you are right. 25.It was clear his words pleased her. 26.It doesn’t matter much where we live. 27.It was a problem whether they would support us. 28.It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 29.It is said that he’s got married. 30.It is believed that he will win the match. 31.It is reported that Chinese team got 102 golden medals. 32.Whoever pollutes the environment should be punished. 33.Whatever he did was right.