课件提纲 unit 4 Shakespreare

Unit Five William Shakespeare

All the world's a stage,

And all the men and women merely players

They have their exits and their entrances

And one man in his time plays many parts

… …

全世界是一个巨大的舞台, 所有红尘男女均只是演员罢了, 上场下场各有其时, 每个人一生都扮演着许多角色… …

1. A quiz of William Shakespeare

1. What nationality was Shakespeare? English

2. In which town was Shakespeare born? Stratford

3. When was Shakespeare born? 1564

4. When did he die? 1616

5. Shakespeare lived during the reign of which English

monarchs?

Queen Elizabeth I and King James I

6. Which of these was not Shakespeare’s plays?

Shakespeare in Love

7. What is Shakespeare most famous for? Writing plays

8. Which of the following plays by Shakespeare is NOT a

comedy ?

Romeo and Juliet

9. Which of the following plays does not belong to

Shakespeare's great tragedies ? Romeo and Juliet

10. The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer's

day?" is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ________ . sonnets（十四行诗）

11. How many plays did Shakespeare wrote? Over 30 2. William Shakespeare’s life

Born in 1564 in Stratford-Upon-Avon

at age 18 married Anne Hathaway

three children, two daughters and a son

moved to London in the late fifteen eighties

3. William Shakespeare’s works

1) Tragedies

Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶

The four greatest tragedies

Macbeth麦克白

King Lear 李尔王

Hamlet 哈姆雷特

Othello 奥瑟罗

Titus Andronicus 泰特斯?安特洛尼克斯

Julius Caesar 裘力斯?凯撒

Antony and Cleopatra 安东尼与克莉奥佩屈拉Coriolanus 科利奥兰纳斯

Troilus and Cressida 特洛埃围城记

Timon of Athens 雅典的泰门

2) Comedies

Twelfth Night or What You Will 第十二夜The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人

As You Like It 皆大欢喜

The Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦Taming of the Shrew 驯悍记

The Comedy of Errors 错中错

All’s Well That Ends Well 终成眷属

Much Ado About Nothing 无事生非Measure for Measure 一报还一报

The Tempest 暴风雨

The Merry Wives of Windsor 温莎的风流娘们Love’s Labour’s Lost 爱的徒劳

Cymbeline 辛白林

The Winter's Tale 冬天的故事

The Tempest 暴风雨

3) Histories

Henry IV, part 1, 2 亨利四世（上下）

Henry V 亨利五世

Henry VI, part 1, 2, 3 亨利六世（上中下）Henry VIII 亨利八世

King John 约翰王

Richard II 理查二世

Richard III 理查三世

4) Poems

The Rape of Lucrece 鲁克丽丝失贞记

Venus and Adonis 维纳斯和阿多尼斯

4. Characteristics of William Shakespeare’s plays

Shakespeare's plays are well-known for their adroit plot construction.

His work looked at common human themes, such as

betrayal, murder, lust, power, ambition and love. These

themes are as much a part of human nature today as they

were all those years ago

2) Characters

Shakespeare's major characters are individuals

representing certain types and have their own

personalities.

Hamlet: hesitant，full of misgivings遇事犹豫不决，顾虑重重的人

Romeo: handsome, smart, and degage英俊潇洒的男子

Cleopatra: phoenix绝代佳人

Shylock: greedy, cruel, doing thing by hook or by crook, moneygrubber贪婪、残忍、不择手段守财奴

3) Language

Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poetic forms.

He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old ones also create striking effects on the reader. 5. William Shakespeare’s Quotes

Hamlet

“To be or not to be: that is the question”

生存还是毁灭，这是一个问题.

“Frailty, thy name is woman!”

女人,你的名字是弱者!

I will speak daggers to her, but use none.

我要用利剑一样的说话刺痛她的心，可是决不伤害她身体上一根头发。

“Neither a borrower nor a lender be; For loan oft loses both itself and friend, and borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry”

不要向人告贷，也不要借钱给人；因为债款放了出去，往往不但丢了本钱，而且还失去了朋友，向人告贷的结果，容易养成因循懒惰的习惯”。

“The humanity is a how extraordinary masterpiece! / How noble rationality! /How great strength! / How

exquisite measuring appliance! / How elegant action!

Looks like an angel in the behavior! Looks like a deity in the wisdom! Universe essence! The myriad things spirit is long!”

人类是一件多么了不起的杰作！多么高贵的理性！多么伟大的力量！多么优美的仪表！多么文雅的举动！在行为上多么像一个天使！在智慧上多么像一个天神！宇宙的精华！万物的灵长！

“Doubt thou the stars are fire; doubt that the sun doth move, doubt truth to be a liar, but never doubt I love".

你可以疑心星星是火焰，你可以疑心太阳会转移，你可以疑心真理是谎言，但是我的爱永远不会改变”

“There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so.”

世上之事物本无善恶之分，思想使然。

“Brevity is the soul of wit.”

简洁是智慧的灵魂,冗长是肤浅的藻饰。/ 言贵简洁。

“This above all: to thine self be true.”

最重要的是，你必须对自己忠实。

Romeo and Juliet

The story takes place in Verona, Italy.

“O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo?

"Deny thy father and refuse thy name;

"Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love,

"And I'll no longer be a Capulet."

罗密欧啊，罗密欧！为什么你偏偏是罗密欧呢？

否认你的父亲，抛弃你的姓名吧；

也许你不愿意这样做，那么只要你宣誓做我的爱人，我也不愿再姓凯普莱特了。

“JULIET: Give me my Romeo: and, when he shall die,

Take him and cut him out in little stars,

And he will make the face of heaven so fine

That all the world will be in love with night,

And pay no worship to the garish sun.”

把我的罗密欧给我，如果他死去，把他化成星星，它会使天空如此美丽。所有人都会爱上夜晚，不再崇拜那炫目的太阳。

“What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.”

名称有什么关系呢？玫瑰不叫玫瑰，依然芳香如故.

名字中有什么呢？把玫瑰叫成别的名字，它还是一样的芬芳。

“Young men’s love then lies not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes.”

年轻人的爱不是发自内心，而是全靠眼睛。

“O, she dothe teach the torches to burn bright!”

啊！火炬不及她那么明亮。

“It is the east, and Juliet is the sun.”

那是东方，而朱丽叶就是太阳。

“My only love sprung from my only hate !”

我唯一的爱来自我唯一的恨。

The Merchant of Venice

“All that glitters is not gold "

闪光的未必都是金子

“But love is blind, and lovers cannot see the pretty follies that themselves commit.”

爱情是盲目的,恋人们看不到自己做的傻事。

“It is a wise father that knows his own child.”

知子之父为智。

“The quality of mercy is not strained.”

慈悲的本质不是强求的/ 慈悲不是能强求的慈悲不是出于勉强。

“The truth will become known eventually.”

真相始终会大白。

Henry IV

“Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown."

位高心不宁

“He will give the devil his due.”

说句公道话/ 平心而论/公正对待(给魔鬼他所应得的)

A Midsummer Night's Dream

“The course of true love never did run smooth."

真爱的路途充满坎坷。

“Love looks not with the eyes but with the mind”

爱用的不是眼睛，而是心。

I have admitted the thing in the world again more pained than amatory punishing, not also is happier than waiting upon it.

我承认天底下再没有比爱情的责罚更痛苦的，也没有比服侍它更快乐的事了

Jealous brothers is falsehood.

嫉妒的手足是谎言。

A light heart lives long. 豁达者长寿。

The time of life is short ; to spend that shortness basely, it would be too long . 人生苦短，若虚度年华，则短暂的人生就太长了

Abandoning time person, time also is able to abandon him.

放弃时间的人，时间也会放弃他。

God is impartial , the people who has destiny in hand stands forever in the balance both ends , the people who is grasped by destiny knows that God bestows destiny on him only only.

上帝是公平的，掌握命运的人永远站在天平的两端，被命运掌握的人仅仅只明白上帝赐给他命运！

Either need to frustrate because of the once, or abandon your it turns out that determination wants to achieve purpose

不要只因一次挫败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。“Give every man thy ear, but few thy voice; 倾听每个人的意见，但只对少数人发表你的意见；

Take each man's censure, but reserve thy judgment ” 接受每个人的批评，可是保持你自己的判断。

Idioms

forgive and forget不念旧恶，不记仇

It was Greek to me我对此一窍不通

A dish fit for the gods稀世珍品

A fool’s paradise黄粱美梦

All’s well that ends well结果好就一切都好

I'll not budge an inch我决不会改变意见

have seen better days今非昔比

Wear your heart on your sleeve表露情感/ 情绪化

Truth will come to light真相终将大白

Gild the lily画蛇添足

Salad days少不更事的青涩时代

As merry as the day is long非常快乐

Too much of a good thing好事过头反成坏事

for ever and a day永远

Star-crossed lovers不幸的恋人

Vanish into thin air消失得无影无踪

as good luck would have it幸运

Green-eyed monster 好妒之人

Have an old head on young shoulders 少年老成

pound of flesh 合法却不合理的要求

Foul play 不公正的行为

Game is up 一切全完了

6. Hamlet’s Soliloquies

Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters' inner mind. The soliloquies（独白）in his plays fully reveal the inner conflict of his characters.

This soliloquy i s taken from Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet, Act III, Scene I.

Hamlet，facing the dilemma of action & mind，is hesitating whether he should revenge for his father，which may bring him death，or he should suffer & hide his hatred for his uncle in his deep heart，which may secure his life

Hamlet’s soliloquies

To be, or not to be: that is the question:

Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,

Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,

And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep;

生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人世的无涯的苦难，通过斗争把它们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵？死了；睡着了；

No more; and by a sleep to say we end

The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks

That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation

Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;

什么都完了；如果睡眠能结束我们心灵的创伤，和肉体所承受的千百样痛苦，那真是求之不得的天大的好事。死了；睡着了；

To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub;

For in that sleep of death what dreams may come

When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,

Must give us pause: there's the respect

That makes calamity of so long life;

睡着了也许还会做梦；嗯，阻碍就在这儿：因为当我们摆脱了这一具朽腐的皮囊以后，在那死的睡眠里，究竟将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故；

For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,

The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,

The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,

The insolence of office and the spurns

That patient merit of the unworthy takes,

When he himself might his quietus make

With a bare bodkin?

谁愿意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、压迫者的凌辱、傲慢者的冷眼、被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛、法律的迁延、官吏的横暴和默默无闻的劳碌却只换来多少凌辱，要是他只要用一柄小小的刀子，就可以清算他自己的一生？

Who would these fardels bear,

To grunt and sweat under a weary life,

But that the dread of something after death,

The undiscover'd country from whose bourn

No traveller returns, puzzles the will

And makes us rather bear those ills we have

Than fly to others that we know not of?

谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，又从来没有任何人从死亡的国土里回来，是它迷惑了我们的意志，使我们宁愿忍受目前的磨折，不敢向我们所不知道的痛苦飞去？

Thus conscience does make cowards of us all;

And thus the native hue of resolution

Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,

And enterprises of great pitch and moment

With this regard their currents turn awry,

And lose the name of action.

这样，重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，使得那果断的本色，蒙上了一层思虑的惨白的容颜。本来可以做出伟大的事业，由于思虑就化为乌有了，那行动的能力全丧失了。

7. William Shakespeare’s Sonnet

Sonnet

A lyric poem, properly expressive of a single, complete

thought, idea, or sentiment, of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, a kind of structure in which each line has ten syllables or beats with a stress on every second beat

William Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18

Shall I compare thee (you) to a summer's day? Thou (you) art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath (has) all too short a date

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;

And every fair from fair sometime declines,

By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed

But thy eternal summer shall not fade

Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;

Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest:

So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,

So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

我能否将你跟夏天比较？

你的俏丽温柔更胜一筹。

狂风摇撼五月的嫩花苞

夏天的租期太短促难留

火红的骄阳有时太毒

金色的日头常常被云挡

一个个娇艳生命终凋谢

难抗命运和自然的无常

但你的夏永恒不会黯淡

不会失去你拥有的娇颜

死神难夸妳为地府美人

你将永存于不朽的诗篇

只要世人有呼吸和眼睛,

诗便会长存并给你生命

8. Shylock monologue

Shylock:

I am a Jew.

Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions, fed with the same food, hurt with the same weapons, subject to the same diseases, heal'd by the same means, warm'd and cool'd by the same winter and summer as a Christian is? If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh? If you poison us, do we not

die? And if you wrong us, shall we not revenge?

威尼斯商人_犹太人的申述

夏洛克:

我是犹太人.

犹太人沒有眼睛吗?

犹太人沒有手,沒有器官,

沒三维(高矮胖瘦) ,沒感觉,沒情爱,

不吃同样食物,不会受同样武器所伤,

不会同样生病,不会同样癒合,

不会像基督徒那样夏暖冬冷吗?

如果你们刺戳我们,不会流血吗?

如果你们胳肢我们,我们不会笑吗?

如果你们毒害我们,我们不会死吗?

如果你们虐待我们,我们不应该报复吗?

http.www. absolute Shakespeare

http.www. Shakespeare quotations