一轮复习高中英语基本构词法及练习题(无答案)
英语构词法中的派生法
派生法：在词根加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。
一、前缀前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性（除少数前缀外）；
后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。
(1) 表示否定意义的前缀常用的有： dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-,
mis-, non-, un- 。
disable disadvantage disagree disappear
disapprove disclose discolour disconnect
discontinuous discontinue discount discourage
disorder
illegal impossible inaccurate inactive
inadaptable inapplicable inconstant inconvenient
incredible incurable independent ineffective
informal invisible irregular irremovable
irrespective irresponsible
misfortune misguide midinterpret mislead
misread mistrust misunderstand misuse
nonmetal noncooperation noninvolvement
unable unacceptable unaware unbalance
unbreakable uncertain unchangeable
uncomfortable undecided unemployed
undetermined undeveloped unearth uneconomical
unfold unpack untie
(2) 表示其他意义的前缀常用的有：
a.前缀anti
anti-fascist anti-gas anti-imperialist
anti-Japanese War
b.前缀auto
autobiography autography
c.前缀bi-
bicentury bilingual
d.前缀co
co-operation coauthor coheir
e.前缀de
deform degrade devalue
f.前缀en- em
enable encourage endanger
enlarge enrich embitter
g. 前缀ex
ex-soldier ex-girlfriend ex-wife
h.前缀mid-
midday midnight midterm mid-aged
i.前缀multi-
multiform multilingual multimedia multipurpose
j. 21. 前缀over-
overcrowded overwork overload overproduce
overlook overcome
k. 22.前缀pre-
prewar prehistoric prepay precondition
l.前缀re-
rewrite review recycle
m.前缀vice-
vice-chairman vice-governor vice-premier vice-president
二、后缀后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。
(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有：
a、后缀-age，构成抽象名词
marriage percentage shortage storage
b.后缀al- 构成抽象名词
arrival refusal approval survival
proposal removal
c.后缀–an ，-ian “人”从事……职业者”，构成名词。
Italian librarian magician vegetarian
musician politician technician
d.后缀-ance，-ence，构成名词.
appearance allowance existence presence
performance ignorance influence intelligence
evidence diligence guidance
preference significance
e.后缀-dom 构成名词
kingdom freedom
f、后缀-ee，-eer，-er，-or，构成表人的名词
beginner competitor conductor director employee engineer examinee interviewee
tailor volunteer
g.后缀-ess 构成表“雌性”的名词
actress goddess hostess waitress
h、后缀-ful 构成表“容量单位”名词
a basketful of a handful of mouthful spoonful
i.后缀-ics 构成学科名词：
gymnastics physics politics mathematics
j、后缀-ism ，构成名词
Buddhism extremism imperialism terrorism
patriotism socialism tourism
k、后缀-ist 构成名词。
bioiogist chemist economist specialist extremist geologist physicist
l. 后缀-ment 构成抽象名词
advertisement agreement amusement appointment argument arrangement development embarrassment equipment
establishment improvement judgment requirement treatment m.后缀-ness 构成抽象名词：
coolness correctness dampness
m. 后缀-sion 构成抽象名词：
aggression comparison conclusion expression invasion permission tension
n. 后缀-th 构成抽象名词
birth depth length strength warmth
width youth
0. 后缀-tion 构成动作名词或抽象名词
application celebration classification creation congratulation consideration consolidation description
p.后缀–ure，构成抽象名词
failure mixture
q. 以-ity或ty结尾，构成抽象名词
ability curiosity electricity equality
identity majority prosperity society
(2) 构成动词的后缀常用的有：
a.后缀-en ，形容词后的-en，构成及物动词。名词后的-en 构成形容词brighten deepen flatten frighten loosen sharpen strengthen widen
wooden woolen
b.后缀–ize，构成及物动词
apologize analyse categorize
organize realize
(3) 构成形容词的后缀常用的有：
a.后缀-able
acceptable adjustable admirable avoidable unbelievable comparable endurable incredible reasonable recycleable respectable
valuable visible
b、后缀–al 构成形容词
environmental grammatical natural occasional original operational personal political
practical professional traditional universal
c、后缀-ant/-ent，构成形容词
distant important patient convenient permanent urgent violent
servant
d、后缀-ed 构成形容词：
astonished delighted experienced learned
skilled united
e.后缀-ful，构成形容词
careful doubtful dreadful regretful resourceful
forgetful frightful hopeful respectful tearful
f. 后缀–ic，构成形容词
basic economic enthusiastic electric energetic
heroic historic systematic
g. 后缀–ing 构成名词或形容词
amusing astonishing flaming greeting
misunderstanding promising satisfying suffering training
h. 后缀-ish 构成形容词：
feverish foolish Swedish Spanish
i. 后缀–ive，构成形容词
aggressive attractive instructive
persuasive predictive
j.后缀–less，构成否定形容词
careless hopeless helpless
k、后缀-ly 构成的形容
costly daily friendly lively lonely lovely
l. 后缀–ous 或-ious 构成形容词：
adventurous ambitious conscious
envious humorous industrious
mountainous religious various
m.后缀-y 构成的形容词或名词
bloody bravery difficulty honesty icy loyalty
(4) 构成副词的常用后缀有：
a.后缀-ly或–ingly 构成的副词
accurately constantly effectively
frequently generally indirectly
三、经典例题
2. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.
A. die
B. dead
C. died
D. death
5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off.
A. legging
B. legged
C. legs
D. leged
7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________about at his classmates.
A. proud
B. proudly
C. pride
D. pridely
8.To everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well.
A. satisfied
B. satisfactory
C. satisfying
D. satisfaction
10. No one should enter the spot without the________of the police.
A. permit
B. permission
C. permitting
D. permittence
四、专项训练
1. You must come with us to the police ________.Our head is waiting for you.
A. headquarters
B. headline
C. headmaster
D. headache
2.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________.
A. intend
B. intention
C. intentionally
D. intentional
3. The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile.
A. practice
B. practise
C. practical
D. practiced
4. My TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War?
A. lately
B. latest
C. later
D. latter
5. The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________.
A. longer
B. length
C. long
D. longing
6.To my ________，I passed the exam easily.
A. joy
B. joyful
C. joyless
D. joyness
7. Canada is mainly an________country.
A. English-speaking
B. speak-English
C. spoken-English
D. English-spoken
8. The necklace that she lost is very expensive. It’s of great ________.
A. valuable
B. value
C. valueless
D. unvaluable
9.The letter “b” in the word “doubt” is________.
A. sound
B. silent
C. silence
D. sounded
10. What you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue.
A. reasonable
B. reasonful
C. reasonless
D. unreason
11. We have to learn ________technology from other countries.
A. advance
B. advancing
C. advantage
D. advanced
12.You’d better give up smoking if you want to keep ________.
A. health
B. healthy
C. healthily
D. healthier
13.________ speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose.
A. Honestly
B. Honest
C. Honesty
D. Dishonest
五、课堂总结
1、否定前缀、其他前缀
2、名词、形容词、副词、动词常用后缀。
六、课后作业
一、请用括号里给出的词汇的正确形式填空。
1. I wrote him a letter to show my___(appreciate) of his thoughtfulness.
2. The first tomb was built at the___(begin) of the 15th century.
3. Painting is a ___(create) process.
4. For our homework tonight, we have to write a ___(describe) of the street where we live.
5. The ___ (discover) of gold on their land made the people rapidly rich.
6. I’d just like to ___ (emphasis) how important it is for people to learn foreign language.
7. My grandfather is as___(energy) as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing at all.
8. The first lesson was very___(enjoy)---I like it a lot!
9. These discoveries proved the___(exist)of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and 200.000 years ago.
10. A smile is the universal___(face) expression---it is intended to put people at ease.
11. Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being___(fashion).
14. The accused man proved his___(innocent) of the crime.
12. The government’s new scheme is designed to help the___(job).
13. The old man had no child so he suffered a lot from___(lonely).
14. How lucky he was! He won the lottery and now he is a ___(million).
15. They had the ___(fortune) to be hit by a violent storm.
16.21. He lives in a ___(mountain) district, where traffic is extremely inconvenient.
17. I am so full that I couldn’t ear another ___(mouth).
18. We must pay special attention to the___(mystery) stranger.
19. Try to act___(nature), even if you are tense.
20. After the race, I felt my heart beating___(violence)
高中英语构词法讲解
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高一英语总复习练习题(很实用,各种题型齐全,完整)汇编
高一英语期末复习题一语法填空模块三M3U1 The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look ___1__ to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money __2___ red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate __3___ Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, __4___ take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, __5___ (dance) in the streets day and night, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important __6___ and social festival for Christmas around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan?s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little __7___. The country, __8__ (cover) with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us __9___ life, be proud of our __10___ and forget our work for a little while. M3U2 Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a new small restaurant full of guests. __1__ drove Wang Peng inside. It was full of people. The hostess, a very __2__ lady, ca me forward. “We lcome”, she said. “My name is Yong Hui. I?ll help you lose __3__ and be fit in two weeks __4__ you eat here every day.” Then she gave a menu to Wang Peng. There were few choices of food and drink on it; just rice, raw vegetables __5__(serve) in vinegar, fruit and water. Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially __6__ the prices. It cost more __7__ a good meal in his restaurant! He could not believe his eyes. He threw down the menu and hurried outside. On his way home he thought about his own menu. Did __8__ make people fat? __9__ he should go to the library and find out. He could not have Yong Hui __10__ away with telling people lies! He had better do some research! M3U3 Have you ever read Mark Twain?s The Million Pound Bank Note? It is one of his most famous works. The following passage is about it. This story happened in the summer of 1903. An American 1 Henry Adams, lost his way because of a strong wind in the sea. He?d just about giving 2 up for lost, when he was spotted by a ship by chance, 3 brought him to England. 4 no money on him, he had to work on this ship without payment to earn his passage. When he 5 (wander) on the pavement in London, cold and hungry, someone asked him to enter a big house, It was Roderick, who was very 6 He and his brother made a bet on 7 a man could survive a month in London with a million pound bank note. Roderick doubted it, while his brother, Oliver, thought it would work. After asking Henry some questions about him, they thought he was the suitable person, so they gave him a letter 8 (contain) the million pound bank note. 9 they asked him not to open it until 2 o?clock. Henry Adams felt at 10 loss about all this. He didn?t know what would happen to him. M3U4 Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water. They 1 (multiply) and filled the oceans with oxygen, which encouraged the later 2 of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Next, green plants began to grow on land. They were followed in time by land animals. Some were insects. 3 , called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water. Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time. They produced young generally 4 laying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs, developed. They laid eggs and still remains 5 mystery. This appearance made 6 the rise of mammals on the earth. These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. 7 they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet. But they are not looking after the earth well. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, 8 prevents heat from 9 (escape) from the earth into space. As a result of this, many scientists believe that the earth may become too hot to live on. So 10 life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. M3U5 Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport. He was going to take them and their __1__
(完整)高中英语改错专题训练和答案
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything but could make decisions by myself. Besides, my parents didn’t seem to think so. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home for college. At last, I will be on their own, but I still want to have my parents to turn whenever I need help. I was reading an article in a book while I came across a word I didn’t know. “Dad, what is the meaning of the word?”My dad, as he usual did after work, was watching his most favorite show. “You have the dictionary, don’t you?”he shot back. He didn’t even look up my face. I went back my room, and there on my study table is that dictionary. I looked it up and found it’s exact meaning. Ten year have passed and I still use that dictionary, along with the lesson I received earlier in life from my old man: to be independent.
(完整版)英语构词法详解及练习
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Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。 ③某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，如： She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。 ④某些抽象名词也可作动词。如： We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。 3)形容词转化为动词 有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如： We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。 4)副词转化为动词 有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如： Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。 5)形容词转化为名词 ①表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词，如： You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服 ②某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数如下，如： The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。 2.派生法
高中英语语法易错题专题复习练习
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A. in, with B. in, to C. of, with D. of, to 【答案】B 【解析】此题考查similar 的搭配， A be similar to B ，相似于 A be the same with B，有一定混淆性，另外表达在某方面相似，搭配介词in，故答案为B。 4. What a dangerous scene! A car has missed the boy playing on the roadside __ only an inch. A. within B. for C. by D. at 【答案】C 【解析】本题题意为“一辆车差一点撞到那个在路边玩耍的男孩”，容易误导学生错选 A ，表示在一英寸以内，而真实意思是差一英尺，在英语中表示增长、降低、或者差距的正确表达是by+数字，故答案为C。 5. The girl has some balloons in her hand. One is red, ___ are yellow. A. others B. another C. the other D. the rest 【答案】D 【解析】此题题意为“那个女孩手上有一些气球，一个是红色的，其余的是黄色
英语高考真题短文改错2019年全国卷一二三汇编含答案
文档说明： 1. 本文档经过本人认真校对并排版，能力有限，难免有不良之处。欢迎指出。 2. 百度文库中看到的文档，可能会有不清、前后错乱等问题，是因为文档转换显示的问题； 本文编排时是没有那些问题的。下载后用应该没问题。 3. 文档板式：中文字体是宋体五号；英文是Times New Roman 小四。页眉有内容提要， 页脚有页码。 4. 全国I 卷适用地区：安徽、湖北、福建、湖南、山西、河北、江西、广东、河南、山东 5. 全国II 卷适用地区：甘肃、青海、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、宁夏、新疆、内蒙古、陕西、 重庆 6. 全国III 卷适用地区：云南、四川、广西、贵州、西藏 高考真题2019 年英语改错（含答案）全国卷一二三汇编 2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I） 英语改错（含答案） 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35 分） 第一节短文改错（共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10 处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。 I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone's surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now. 2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II） 英语改错（含答案）
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