初中定语从句入门
初中定语从句
什么叫定语从句？
答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后
结构：先行词+关系词+句子
如：The boy who sits next to me is 王峰宇。
先行词关系词定语从句
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,先行词为名词或代词。
关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词
关系词关系代词（在定语从句中作主语或宾语）：who, whom, which, that, 关系副词（在从句中作状语）：when(作时间状语）, where（作地点状语), why（作原因状语）
关系代词：（先行词指物）：which，that
（先行词指人）：that,who,whom
I.关系代词that 和which 引导的定语从句：
若先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应该用that或which (在从句中作主语或宾语）①that/which 作主语（that/which不能省）
This is a dream.
The dream will never come true.
合并成定语从句：This is a dream _that/which_never come true.
I bought a book .
The book is about Bill Gates.
Practice:The book which is on the book is mine.
合并成定语从句：I bought a book that /which is Bill Gates.
②that /which 作宾语（that/which可省）
This is the card.
I have just got the card.
This is the card (that / which) i have got .
Practice:1.this is the mistake which /that i always make.
2. I lost the pen which /that my father bought me.
II关系代词who,that , whom 引导的定语从句：
若先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应该用who, that (作主语或宾语）
whom(作宾语）
① who/that 做主语（that/who不能省）
This is the film star.
The film star is very popular in China.
This is the film star who /that is very popular in China.
Practice： 1. The boy who/that broke the window is called Roy.
2. Do you know the girl that /who spoke at the meeting yesterday?
②Who/whom/that 作宾语（who/whom/that可省略）
The man is a famous writer .
We talked about the man just now.
The man (who/whom/that )we talked about just now .
Practice:The boy whom/that /who i am looking for is my friend.
The thief who/whom/that the police caught last night has been sent to prison.
III.关系词有时只能用that ,不用which ,常见的情况有：
1.先行若是不定代，that就把which 踹；
当先行词为anything，everything，nothing，all，any，much，many，one等不定代词时，只能使用“that”, 不用“which”。
例：Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能给你做点什么吗？
2.先行指人不定代，从中做主who要在；
先行词是指人的不定代词，如one 、someone 、anyone 、nobody 等词，或指人的关系代词在定语从句中做主语，要用who, 而不用that。
例句：
Anybody who knows a little english will not believe you.
任何懂得一点英语的人都不会相信你的话。
3.先行词前有两数，就用that定无误；
当先行词是基数词或序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”，不用“which”。
例句：The first thing that i should do is to review my lesson . 我首先应该做的事情是做功课。
4.先行词前最高级，还用that必无疑；
当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”, 不用“which”。
例句：This is the most interesting book that i have ever read.
这是我看过最有趣的一本书了。
练习
一、用适当的关系代词填空
1.Is it the very house ___ you lived in ten years ago?
2.The woman ___sits next to the door is my mother.
3.I’ll never forget the guy______ saved the boy.
二、选择填空
()1. The money will be used to help the people____1ost their homes in the Tsunami（海啸）.
A. who
B. whose
C. which
D. where
()2.This is the best film ____has been shown this year.
A. who
B. that
C. which
D. when
()3.Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. in where
()4.Mr. Li told us the stones and writers ___ interested him
A. what
B. who
C. that
D. which
()5.I’ll never forget the summer holidays ____ we spent together.
A. when
B. in which
C. which
D. how
()6—Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?
—Yes, he does.
A. which
B. whose
C. where
D. who
()7.The letter _____ I received yesterday is very important.
A. who
B. where
C. what
D. that
()8.I hat e the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A.who
B. which
C. they
D. Where
（）9. The man ______is painting the house is my uncle.
A.he
B.whom
C.whose
D.who
（）10—Which animal is your favorite ? —The one ______has a long neck.
A.which
B.that
C.it
D.who
（）11.Is this the bookstore_______you visited yesterday?
A.that
B.where
C.in which
D.the one 翻译中文意思：
1、This is the professor who taught me chemistry in 1980 .
2、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.
3、Do you know the student who was praised at the meeting?
4、They work in a factory which makes radio parts.
5、Who is the person who is standing at the gate?
6. This is the best film that I have ever seen.
7. Everything that we saw was of great interest.
8.Thank you for the good advice which you've given us.
9.The old gentleman whom you met at the school gate is an engineer.
10.All that can be done has been done.
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初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
定语从句练习题简单版
定语从句练习题（基础版） 一、单项填空 1. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher? ---Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, our math teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which 2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where 3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom 4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which 5. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which 6. This is the house _______ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where 7. The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that 8. ---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday? ---He has gone back to Qinghua University. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 9. I hate people _______ talk much but do little. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who 10. Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital? A. who B. that C. whom D. whose 二、选词填空who/ that/ which/ whose/whom 1. The boys________ are playing football are from Class One. 2. Those ______ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at tomorrow. 3. Mr Liu is the person ________ you talked about on the bus. 4. The professor ________ you are waiting for has come. 5. Football is a game _______is liked by most boys. 6. He likes to read books ________ are written by foreign writers. 7. This is the pen _______ he bought yesterday. 8. We’ll go to hear the famous singer _______ we have often talked. 9. Where is the man _________ I saw this morning?
人教版初中英语定语从句专项训练及答案解析
定语从句专项训练附详细参考答案 I 选择最佳答案: 1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. that B.who C. what D. / 2.The man_______today left this message for you. A.called B.has called C.whom called D.who called 3.Do you live near the building ______colour is yellow? A. that B.which C.whose D. its 4.He helped his father on the farm ______they lived. A. which B.that C.when D. where 5.I’m one of the boys_____never late for school. A.that is B.who is C.who are D.who am 6.All_____should be done has been done. A.what B.which C.that D.whatever 7.Jack told me everything _______he knew about it. A. what B.that C.which D.who 8.My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made. A.in where B.in which C.from which D.of which 9.The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956. A./ B.where C.that D.both A and C 10.This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen. A.which B.that C.of which D.of that 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions_______were asked in French. A.where B.who C.in which D.which 12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A.these B.those C.that D.which 13.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________family was poor. A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose 14.All_______is needed is a supply of oil. A.the thing B.that C.what D.which 15.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 16.She heard a terrible noise,______brought her heart into her mouth. A.it B.which C.this D.that II 用适当的关系词填空： 1) I’ll never forget the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer. 2) This is the place _________ he so often mentioned to me. 3) The only thing ________ interested him was that he could do anything _________ he wanted to. 4) “What a scientist! What wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Company _________ is now a focus (焦点) of newspapers and television. 5) He is old, ________ fact is important in this case.
初中定语从句专项讲解与练习
定语从句（初中） 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语） The coat （that）I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语） ； 用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语。例如： The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语） The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. （作宾语） ，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom。例如： The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语） Who is the teacher （whom）Li Ming is talking to（作宾语） 注意： 1）当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时，who、that、which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构（此时关系代词不能用that代替）。例如：This is the house (which/that) we lived in last year.(可省) This is the house in which we lived last year.(不可省，关系代词不可用that) - Please tell me (whom/that) you borrowed the English novel from.(可省) Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.(不可省，关系代词不可用that) 2）关系词只能用that的情况： a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： He was the first person that passed the exam. This is the most beautiful place that I have been to . b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one 等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop= I didn't understand the words all that he said. c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few ，no，just等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： 】 This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如： I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如： Who is the girl that is crying 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁
初中定语从句详解
初中定语从句详解 2010-09-14 21:16 定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。如何对定语从句突出重点、突破难点，是我们每个初中英语教师思考的问题，也是要帮助学生要解决的问题之一。下面我对初中英语的定语从句谈谈我的粗浅看法。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher.先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如：Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today.