A famous clock一个的大钟-新概念英语第二册自学导读笔记及课后答案第71课

A famous clock一个的大钟-新概念英语第二册自学导读笔记及课后答案第71课
A famous clock一个的大钟-新概念英语第二册自学导读笔记及课后答案第71课

A famous clock一个的大钟-新概念英语第二册自学

导读笔记及课后答案第71课

新概念英语第一册第71课课文重难点 further notes on the text

1.if the houses of parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected. 如果不是

国会大厦在1834年被焚毁的话,这座大钟永远也不会建造。

(1)这句话用的是虚拟语气,即第3类条件句,表示与过去的事实

相反的一种假设。(cf.第64课语法)

(2)the houses of parliament,国会大厦。因为英国议会是由上议

院(house of lords)和下议院(house of commons)组成的,所

以houses为复数形式。

(3)burn down为固定短语,在这里表示"(使)烧成平地"、"烧毁":

the hospital was burned down last month.那家医院上个月被烧毁了。

2.big ben takes its name from sir benjamin hall who was respon- sible for the making of the clock…"大本"钟得名于本杰明·霍尔爵士,……他负责建造大钟。

(1)sir用于英国人的全名(或名字)之前时表示"爵士"(不单独用

于姓之前),如 sir john gilbert(约翰·吉尔伯特爵士)或 sir john(约翰爵士),但不能称 sir gilbert。

(2)responsible for表示"对……需负责任/承担责任的":

who is responslble for the accident?谁应对这起事故负责?

john is responsible for the building of the bridge. 约翰负责修建这座桥。

(3)-ing形式前面无冠词时可直接跟宾语:making the clock; -ing 前有冠词时则其后不能直接跟宾语,而必须用of;the making of the clock.

3.it is not only of immense size…此钟不但外型巨大……

be of…表示人或物的特征:

we are of the same age/size.我们年龄/个头相同。

this letter is of great importance.这封信至关重要。

4.officials from greenwich observatory have the clock checked twice a day. 格林威治天文台的官员们每天两次派人矫正此钟。

(1)greenwich 格林威治(又译格林尼治),位于伦敦东南,是本初

子午线,即经度零度经过的地方。

(2)have the clock checked是have的使役式用法。(cf. 第66课语法)

5.big ben has rarely gone wrong. "大本"钟很少出差错。

go wrong为固定短语,其含义之一是"(机器等)发生故障"、"出毛病":

my watch/the engine of the car has gone wrong.我的手表/汽车发动机出了毛病。

something has gone wrong with my car.我的汽车出毛病了。

6.slow…down,把……弄慢。

slow down为固定短语(可分开使用),其含义之一为"(使……)慢下来/减速":

he slowed his car down while driving in heavy traffic.他在车辆拥挤的路上驾驶时,放慢了车速。

新概念英语第一册第71课语法知识点 grammar in use

复习第60~69课部分语法

通过这几课的语法学习,我们知道在表示将来时的句子中,要

在时间状语从句中使用现在时,同时也要在第1类条件句中用

现在时来表示;学习了将来完成实行时和过去完成实行时的形

式和用法;学习了第3类条件句、情态助动词 must, have to, should和ought to;学习了用于使役式的动词 have,以及用于介

词+动名词结构中的被动语态:

the thompsons will move to a new flat when their baby is born.孩子出生以后,汤普森一家将搬到一套新的公寓去住。

by this time next week, i will have been working for this firm for twenty years.到下星期此刻,我就已经为这家公司工作了20年了。(将来完成实行时通常要和某个时间状语连用,这个状语往往表示"到/截止……时候")

firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.消防队员们同那场森林大火搏斗了将近三个星期才最后把火势控制住。(过去完成实行时与将来完成实行时一样,也要有时间状语;它们都强调动作的持续性)

if i had worked harder at school, i'd have got a better job.要是我上学时勤奋一些,我就会有较好的工作了。(第3 类条件句表示与事实相反的虚拟语气)

we should/ought to arrest him, but we shall let him off this time.我们应该逮捕它,但这次我们饶了它。

he should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing.他本该知道警察绝不会允许这类事情发生。(should+ have+过去分词表示过去应该做或完成而没有做的事)

the french authorities had the plane packaged and moved in parts back to france.法国政府让人把飞机包装起来,一部分一部分地搬回法国。(have+名词/宾格代词+过去分词表示让别人为自己做某事)

after being robbed, the man called the police.那人遭抢劫后给警方打了电话。(after+动名词的被动形式相当于时间状语从句,但主语必须一致)

新概念英语第一册第71课词汇学习 word study

1.official, employee与shop assistant

official指"官员"、"公务员":

before he retired, jeremy had been a government/city official.在他退休之前,杰里米一直是位政府/市政府官员。

a customs official checked their passports.一位海关官员检查了他们的护照。

official也能够指"高级官员":

bank officials get high salaries.银行高级职员的工薪很高。

employee泛指"雇员"、"雇工"(包括各个层次的):

in a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which had seven hundred employees.几年之后,小铺子已经发展成

一个雇有700人的大工厂。

later he became a government employee.后来他成了一名公务员/

政府雇员。

shop assistant在英国英语中表示零售店的"店员"(相当于美国英语中的salesclerk):

the shop assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.接待她的售货员不喜欢她的那副打扮。

2.hang, hung, hung与hang, hanged, hanged

当hang表示"悬挂"时,其过去式与过去分词均为hung:

a painter hung a pot of paint on one of the hand and slowed the clock down.一位油漆工把一只油漆桶挂在了一根指针上,把针弄

慢了。

i'm hanging this picture on the wall.我正把这幅画挂到墙上去。

当hang表示"绞死"、"吊死"或"上吊"时,其过去式、过去分词均为hanged:

as he has murdered three men, he ought to be hanged.他已杀了

3个人,他理应被绞死。

i wonder why she hanged herself.我纳闷/想知道她为何上吊自杀。

新概念英语第一册第71课课后练习答案 key to written exercises

1.关键句型练习答案

c 1 shall have been working

2 have finished

d 1 had to go

2 should/ought to buy

3 should/ ought to have telephoned 2.难点练习答案

1 shop assistant

2 hung

3 hanged 3.多项选择题答案

1b 2d 3b 4b 5c 6c

7d 8b 9b 10c 11b 12a

新概念英语第四册课堂笔记

新概念英语第四册课堂笔记 1 fossil man (化石人) Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of story tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 【New words and expressions 生词和短语】 fossil man adj. 化石人 recount v. 叙述 saga n. 英雄故事 legend n. 传说,传奇 migration n. 迁移,移居 anthropologist n. 人类学家 archaeologist n. 考古学家

新概念英语第四册笔记-完整版

L1 Finding fossil man We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas----legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. New words and expressions recount /ri'kaunt/ v.叙述 / ' rei'kaunt/ 再数一次 record / ' rek[d/ /ri' kC:d/ 第一个音节带重音,名前动后 叙述:recount : emotionless 重复 describe depict: a little emotional narrate: temporal&spacial 根据时间或空间顺序描述。 portray:描述 saga /'sa:g[/ n.英雄故事描述的内容mostly real 北欧海盗活动的故事 legend /'ledV[nd/ n.传说,传奇 unreal e.g robin hood anthropologist/ 'AnWr['pCl[dVist/ n.人类学家 anthrop:人 philosophere :philo+sopher|爱+智慧=哲学家 philanthropist : 慈善家(对人有爱心的人) anthropology :人类学 带-gy结尾的都是学科:biology 生物学 geography 地理学 ecology 生态学 remote/ ri'm[ut/ n.遥远 ancestor / 'Ansest[/ n.祖先 an- 在前面 forefather,forebear ,predecessor祖先 rot/ rCt/ v.烂掉 leave me rot.=leave me along rot to death. soon ripe,soon rotten. decay 国家民族逐渐衰亡 decompose 逐渐衰竭 deteriorate关系逐渐恶化 trace /treis/ n.痕迹,踪迹 trace the problem i follow your trace=i follow where you go polynesia 波利尼西亚 poly-多 polyandric: a wife with more than one husband polygeny : a husband with more than one wife flint /flint/ n.燧石 flinting hearted fossil / ' fCsl/ n. 化石 cobble 鹅卵石 read of 读到 谈到:speak of ,talk of ,know of,hear of near east:近东 mediterranean, south europe,north afric far east 非限定性从句,表原因 oral(spoken) language is earlier than written language. precede :什么在什么之前,不用比较,直接跟名词 counterpart: two things or two people have the same position oral(spoken) language is earlier than written counterpart. preserve: 保留,保存(腌制) 如果句中有only,那后面的表语结构就要用to do sth,而不是doing sth. storyteller: 讲故事的人 fortuneteller, palmreader: 算命先生 migration :移民1)migrant 2)immigrant v. migrate:迁移,迁徙 migratory bird:候鸟 none: no body people+s 民族 if they had any: 即便是有 his relatives,if he had any,never went to visit him when he was hospitalized. find out千方百计,费尽周折=explore modern men :the men who were like ourselves however-anywhere you want ,加逗号 but,yet-不加标点,only at the beginning of the sentence therefore-自由

新概念英语第四册原文翻译详细笔记

Finding fossil man 发现化?石?人 Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful? We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 读到flint 打?火?石anthropomorphic ?人格 化拟1anthropo ?人类 的让步?一?一trace back date back read of read about a trace of ?一些

新概念英语第一册笔记(完整版)

新概念英语第一册 笔记完整版 ?1)v. 原谅 ?eg. Excuse me. 请原谅,劳驾。 2)n. 借口 ?eg. It?s an excuse. ?me pron. 我(宾格:用来做宾语的。)?eg. He loves me. 他爱我. ?eg. She cheats me. 他骗我. ?eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我. Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作“对不起”,但它并不表示你有什么过错,而是说你要打搅别人,所以常被译作“劳驾”。 1)为了要引起别人的注意 ?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2)要打扰某人或要打断别人话 ?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question? 3) 向陌生人问路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 4) 向某人借东西 ?eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen? 5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while? ?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候,表示“对不起”。 1)请问几点了? ?eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。 ?eg. Sorry. 或者 I?m sorry! 3) 对不起,我先失陪一下 ?eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思 ?eg. Sorry. ?yes 1)adv. 是的(对一般疑问句的肯定回答)?eg. Are you mad? --Yes, I am. 2)经常用于应答,表示“什么事”。 ?eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾? ---Yes? 什么事? ?is v. be 动词现在时第三人称单数 ?be : is am are ?is 用于单数名词或单数第三人称代词。 ?eg. He is a student. 他是一个学生。 ?eg. That?s an egg. 那是一个鸡蛋。(That?s= That is) ?eg. This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 ?your 你的,你们的(物主代词后面加名词)?your key 你的钥匙 ?eg. This is your key. 这是你的钥匙。 ?eg. That is your book. 那是你的书。 ?your room 你们的房间 ?eg. That is your room. 那是你们的房间。 ?pardon 原谅,请再说一遍 ?pardon=pardon me=I beg your pardon? 能再说一遍吗? ?eg. Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗? --Yes, it is. 是的,它是。(it 指代 pencil) ?thank you 感谢你(们) 2)you 代词(你,你们) 主格-----作主语 ?eg. You are a good student. 你是一个好学生。 宾格------作宾语

怎么才能学好新概念英语

英语作为全球范围内流通最广的语言,学好英语对以后自身的发展都很重要。新概念英语是一种新型的英语学习方法,他可以帮助孩子建立属于自己的语言网络,快速掌握英语的精髓。 新概念教材课文里所学习的单词都是最基本、最常用的词汇,所以大家一定要掌握。对于意思不太明白的,最好用英英词典或者双解词典查阅并掌握其含义。 我们孩子在学习ABC少儿英语的时候,完全可以把《新概念英语》当成是一套很好的听力教材。《新概念英语》的配套磁带有英音的和美音的两种。大家可以根据自己的实际需要去选择购买。通过《新概念英语》练习英语听力的方法可以参考下列步骤: 不要看书,将整篇课文听写下来。如果有的词听不出来,猜测该词应该是什么,实在听不出来就不勉强。随着听写的增多,听力会逐渐增强。在听的过程中,也可加深对英语发音的认识。而且实践证明,如果能达到一听就懂的程度,你的脑子里英语翻译成汉语的现象就会

消失,阅读理解的能力一定会大大提高。 很多人不知道如何借学习新概念来提高自己的写作能力,其实这也是有法可循的。你可以在接触一篇新的课文前,先不要看它的英文,而是根据它的中文翻译自己写再翻译成英语,然后再和原文对照,这样一经对比,就可以找到自己写作的弱点和问题,及时修正,日久积累,从而获得提高。特别是第三册和第四册里面的一些美文,就为大家提供了相当好的写作方法和经典范文。 把听写下来的文章与原文比对,查找错误,知道自己错在哪,以后今后如何避免。跟着磁带反复跟读课文。注意各单词的读音以及语调等问题,语音语调尽量模仿磁带,力求接近磁带上的。 建议大家进行课后的习题练习和同步测试,巩固学习内容,检验学习效果。尤其是,新概念每课都有一个自己的核心语法内容,这就要求学生要将每课的这一个语法掌握。如果个别同学感觉自己的语法和阅读水平较差的,最好选择一些与自己水平相当的语法教材和英语分级阅读读物来进行课外学习,以提高英语实力。

新概念英语第二册笔记_第40课

Lesson 40 Food and talk进餐与交谈 Was Mrs. Rumbold a good companion at dinner? Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold. Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation. 'A new play is coming to "The Globe" soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing it?' 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. 'Will you be staying in England?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner. 'Young man,' she answered, 'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!" 参考译文 在上星期的一次宴会上,女主人安排我坐在兰伯尔德夫人的身旁。兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女人,穿一件紧身的黑衣服。当我在她身旁坐下来的时候,她甚至连头都没有抬一下。她的眼睛盯着自己的盘子,不一会儿就忙着吃起来了。我试图找个话题和她聊聊。 “一出新剧要来‘环球剧场’上演了,”我说,“您去看吗?” “不,”她回答。 “您今年去国外度假吗?”我又问。 “不,”她回答。 “您就呆在英国吗?”我问。 “不,”她回答。 失望之中我问她饭是否吃得满意。 “年轻人,”她回答说,“如果你多吃点,少说点,我们两个都会吃得好的!” —、单词讲解New words and expressions host 1)n.待客的主人 hostess 女主人 the host nation 东道国,主办国 例: China is the host nation of the 2008 0lympic Games. 中国时2008奥运会的主办国。

新概念英语第二册课堂笔记第13课

新概念英语第二册课堂笔记第13课Lesson 13 ★New words and expressions ☆group n.小组,团体 group指合唱团 band:n.乐队 ☆pop singer:流行歌手 pop:popular adj.受欢迎的 pop song(music):流行音乐 pop star ☆club n.俱乐部 night club:夜总会 ☆performance n.演出 -mance:名词标志 perform v.演出 ☆occasion n.场合 中文:在某种条件下,某种环境中 英文:occasion=time,时候 this occasion:on the/this occasion occasionally=sometimes adv.有时候,偶尔

★Text The Greenwood boys The Greenwood Boys are a group of pop singers.At present,they are visiting all parts of the country.They will be arriving here tomorrow.They will be coming by train and most of the young people in the town will be meeting them at the station.Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the Worker's Club.The Greenwood Boys will be staying for five days.During this time,they will give five performances.As usual,the police will have a difficult time.They will be trying to keep order.It is always the same on these occasions. ☆visit v.拜访,参观;(歌手)巡演 visit 地点,表示去某地 若带有职业相关目的,就是去做相关的事 The headmasters of the New Oriental school visited lanzhou. 本课学到3个“演出”: 1.visit; 2.sing; 3.give five performances ☆most of...绝大部分的 most of the...=most... most of the young people/most young people ☆tomorrow evening:明天晚上 yesterday evening:昨天晚上; this evening:今天晚上 morning,afternoon的用法同evening

【第二次修订完全版】新概念英语第二册笔记pdf(96课全)

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一个过来人学新概念英语的经验之谈

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The modern city 现代城市 In the organization of industrial life the in?uence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the arti?cial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants of?ces and apartments that please them. This caused the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. Civilized men like such a way of living. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. The modern city consists of monstrous edi?ces and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds. Obviously, it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants. ?一理理的 代 ?人造的?生存?方式隺加规模 I 平庸的 ?一倒夺巨?大的?大厦南满拥塞without any idea of 完全忽视without giving any consideration to

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[生词短语] private adj. 私人的conversation n. 谈话 theatre n. 剧场,戏院seat n. 座位 play n. 戏loudly adv. 大声地 angry adj. 生气的angrily adv. 生气地 attention n. 注意bear v. 容忍 business n. 事rudely adv. 无礼地,粗鲁地 ★private adj.私人的 ① adj. 私人的 private life 私生活 private school 私立学校 It's my private letter. (如果妈妈想看你的信) It's my private house. (如果陌生人想进你的房子) ② adj. 普通的 private citizen 普通公民 I’m a private citizen. (citizen n. 公民) private soldier 大兵 《Private Ryan》(《拯救大兵瑞恩》) public adj. 公众的,公开的(private的反义词) public school 公立学校 public letter 公开信 public place 公共场所 privacy[?pr?v?si] n.隐私 It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的) ★conversation n.谈话 have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式 subject of conversation话题 They are having a conversation. talk内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人 Let’s have a talk. dialogue对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈 China and Korea are having a dialogue. chat闲聊,说的是无关紧要的事。 gossip[?g?s?p]嚼舌头, 说长道短 report报道 ★theatre n.剧场, 戏剧 cinema n.电影院 ★seat n.座位 have a good seat/place,这里的seat指place(指地点),而不是chair.

(完整版)新概念英语第一册笔记完整版

新概念英语第一册笔记完整版 ?1)v. 原谅 ?eg. Excuse me. 请原谅,劳驾。 2)n. 借口 ?eg.It?s an excuse. ?me pron. 我(宾格:用来做宾语的。) ?eg. He loves me. 他爱我. ?eg. She cheats me. 他骗我. ?eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我. Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作―对不起‖,但它并不表示你有什么过错,而是说你要打搅别人,所以常被译作―劳驾‖。 1)为了要引起别人的注意 ?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2)要打扰某人或要打断别人话 ?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question? 3) 向陌生人问路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 4) 向某人借东西 ?eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen? 5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿 eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while? ?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候,表示―对不起‖。 1)请问几点了? ?eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。 ?eg. Sorry. 或者I?m sorry! 3) 对不起,我先失陪一下 ?eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思?eg. Sorry. ?yes 1) adv. 是的(对一般疑问句的肯定回答) ?eg. Are you mad? --Yes, I am. 2)经常用于应答,表示―什么事‖。? eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾? ---Yes? 什么事? --我准备把它带给我的姐姐。 I‘m going to take it to my sister.

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自学新概念英语的8个方法 (1)明确目的,集中精力 背诵一篇课文或者一段必须掌握的语句,最忌东张西望,漫不经心,注意力分散。如果是一篇很简单的文字,背了几天后仍老出错,这肯定是用心不专的缘故。至于出现“前记后忘”的现象,则是正常的,这时千万不要向这种暂时困难屈服而打退堂鼓。 (2)确定任务,寻找窍门 背诵一篇短文,仅仅读几遍是行不通的,一定要熟读到滚瓜烂熟的水准才行。开始时可短一些,容易一些,然后作一定幅度的调整。此外,背诵时还要讲究一定的技巧,熟读课文内容,理解课文大意,不但不会记错和混淆,而且记住的数量也会越来越多。 (3)坚持复背,即时检查 复习背诵的时间用得越多,记住的效果就越佳。例如,早晨背诵过的课文或知识,晚上睡前以及第二天起床后,应实行一次复背,并在每周六或周日再作适当的温习背诵,以后过一个月再复背一次。这样,可保证很长一段时期不会遗忘。 (4)增强默写,强化训练 所谓“眼过千遍,不如手抄一遍”。采取默写手段,可有效地巩固已经背诵了的课文和知识,而且对加深记忆大有好处。因为文字本身就是一种图形和符号,经常默写可协助我们促动右脑的开发。如果能切实做到循序渐进,长期实行默写训练,那么一定会有助于背诵的质量和效果。 (5)反复阅读与再现相结合

单纯地反复阅读效果并不好,学习者应该在文章还没有完全记住 前积极实行尝试再现,回忆不起来时再阅读。这样容易记住,而且保 持时间也长。特别生疏的语句,注意多尝试再现几次。因为尝试再现 是一种比阅读更积极的智力活动,又是一种自我检查的过程,使人更 能集中精力,掌握识记内容的重点、难点,并即时改正记忆中的错误。 (6)试背 背诵过程中,如果出现“卡壳”,应该实行追忆。追忆是有意和 间接再现的形式,它需要付出很大的意志力,克服一定的困难,多方 面寻找线索,实行积极灵活的思维。所以,不能一“卡壳”,就立即 停止背诵。 (7)熟背 文章通过理解消化,已纳入自己的知识系统,语句通过熟读试背,也已朗朗上口,如果再反复朗读几遍,就能流利地背诵下来。检查方式,除了个人和集体背诵外,还有对背,即两人面对面同时背诵,因 为有对方干扰,可锻炼学生记忆的深刻性和准确性;提背,即打哪提, 从哪背,提到哪,背到哪,可锻炼学生记忆的准确性。 (8)默写 这也是使用内部语言背诵的一种形式,既用脑,又动手,可加深 对文章的记忆。一篇文章,就这样一段一段地把它“吃掉”。最后, 遵循“整体→部分→整体”的原则,按照背诵各段的方法,再把全篇 串联起来,实行背诵。

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