(完整word版)《木兰辞》翻译及赏析
《木兰辞》翻译及赏析
《木兰辞》的意思及赏析
木兰辞
乐府诗集
唧唧1复唧唧，木兰当户织。不闻机杼2声，惟3闻女叹息。问女何所思，问女何所忆。女亦无所思，女亦无所忆。昨夜见军帖4，可汗5大点兵，军书十二卷6，卷卷有爷名。阿爷7无大儿，木兰无长兄。愿为市鞍马8，从此替爷征。
东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯9，南市买辔头10，北市买长鞭。旦辞爷一娘一去，暮宿黄河边，不闻爷一娘一唤女声，但闻黄河流水鸣溅溅11。旦12辞黄河去，暮至黑山头，不闻爷一娘一唤女声，但闻燕山一胡一骑13鸣啾啾14。万里赴戎机15，关山度若飞16。朔气传金柝17，寒光照铁衣。将军百战死，壮士十年归。
归来见天子，天子坐明堂。策勋十二转18，赏赐百千19强。
可汗问所欲，木兰不用20尚书郎；愿驰千里足21，送儿还故乡。
爷一娘一闻女来，出郭22相扶将23；阿姊闻妹来，当户理红妆24；小弟闻姊来，磨刀霍霍25向猪羊。开我东阁门，坐我西阁一床一，脱我战时袍，著26我旧时裳，当窗理云鬓27，对镜帖花黄28。出门看火伴29，火伴皆惊忙：同行十二年，不知木兰是女郎。
雄兔脚扑朔，雌兔眼迷一离；双兔傍地走，安能辨我是雌雄？ 1唧唧（jījī）：织布机发出的声音。
2机杼（zhù）：织布机发出的声音。机：指织布机。杼：织布梭（suō）子。
3惟：同“唯”，只的意思。
4军贴：征兵的文书。
5可汗（kèhán）：古代西北地区民族对君主的称呼。
6军书十二卷：征兵的名册很多卷。十二，表示很多，不是确指。
7爷：和下文的“阿爷”同，都指父亲。
8愿为市鞍马：为，为此。市，买。鞍马，泛指马和马具。
9鞯（jiān）：马鞍下的垫子。
10辔（pèi）头：马笼头。驾驭牲口用的嚼子和缰绳。
11溅溅jiānjiān：浅浅，急水流动声。
12旦：早晨。
13一胡一骑：一胡一人的战马。一胡一，古代对北方少数民族的称呼。
14啾啾（jiūjiū）：马叫的声音。
15戎机：军事行动。
16关山度若飞：像飞一样地跨过一道道的关，越过一座座的山。
17朔气传金柝：北方的寒气传送着打更的声音。朔，北方。金柝，古时军中守夜打更用的器一具。
18策勋十二转：记很大的功。策勋，记功。十二转：不是确
数，形容功大极高。
19百千：形容数量多。
20不用：不愿做。
21千里足：指善走远路。
22郭：外城。
23扶将：扶持。
24红妆（zhuāng）：指女子的艳丽装束。
25霍霍（huòhuò）：磨刀的声音。
26著：穿。
27云鬓（bìn）：像云那样的鬓发，形容好看的头发。
28帖花黄：帖同“贴”。花黄，古代妇女的一种面部装饰物。 29火伴：同“伙伴”。同伍的上兵。当时规定若干士兵同一个灶吃饭，所以称“火伴”。
叹息声一声连着一声，木兰对着门在织布。织机停下来机杼不再作响，只听见姑一娘一在叹息。
问问姑一娘一你这样叹息是在想什么，又是在思念什么呢？木兰回答道：“我并没有想什么，也没有思念什么。”
昨夜我看见征军的文书，知道皇上在大规模地征兵，征兵的名册很多卷，卷卷有父亲的名字。父亲没有长大成一人的儿子，我木兰也没有兄长。因此，我愿意为此去买鞍马，从此替代父亲去应征。
木兰到各处的集市备办各种战具，在东市上买来骏马，西市上买来马鞍和鞍下的垫子，南市上买来马嚼子和缰绳，北市上买来长马鞭。早上辞别父母上路，晚上宿营在黄河边，听不见父母呼唤女儿的声音，只能听到黄河汹涌奔流的哗哗声。早上辞别黄河上路，晚上到达黑山头，听不见父母呼唤女儿的声音，只能听到燕山一胡一人的战马啾啾的鸣叫一声。
行军万里奔赴战场作战，像飞一样地跨过一道道的关，越过一座座的山。北方的寒气传送着打更的声音，清冷的月光映照着战士们的铁甲战袍。征战多年，经历很多战斗，许多将士战死沙场，木
兰等幸存者胜利归来。
胜利归来朝见天子，天子坐在殿堂上（论功行赏）。木兰被记了很大的功劳，赏赐了很多财物。天子问木兰有什么要求，木兰不愿做尚书省的官，只希望骑上一匹千里马，送木兰回故乡。
父母听说女儿回来了，互相搀扶着到外城来迎接木兰；姐姐听说妹妹回来了，对着门户梳妆打扮起来；弟弟听说姐姐回来了，忙着霍霍地磨刀杀猪宰羊。打开我闺房东面的门，坐在我闺房西面的一床一上，脱一去我打仗时穿的战袍，穿上我以前女孩子的衣裳，对着窗子整理像云一样柔美的鬓发，对着镜子在额上贴好花黄。出门去见同去出征的伙伴，伙伴们都很吃惊都说我们同行多年，竟然不知道木兰是女孩子。
把兔子耳朵拎起时，雄兔的两只前脚向前伸开，雌兔的两眼眯着。当它们挨着一起在地上跑的时候，又怎能分辨得出谁雄谁雌呢？
【一浪一漫之美】
《木兰辞》具有浓郁的民歌特色，塑造了木兰这一不朽的人物形象，富有传奇一浪一漫色彩。木兰是女郎，代父从军，屡建战功，却无人知晓。通过这一系列过程的描写，表现了木兰既是奇女子又是普通人，既是巾帼英雄又是平民少女，既是矫健的勇士又是娇美的女儿。虽然写的是战争题材，但更多是生活场景和儿女情态的描写，体现了木兰勤劳善良又坚毅勇敢，淳厚质朴又机敏活泼，展现出一种一浪一漫色彩的生活气息，木兰的这一形象也一直深深留在人们的心中。
【赏析】
本诗对于木兰的描写，开始木兰当户织时的心事重重，准备行装时的活动，奔赴战场时的心态，回家后家人的欢乐，等等这一系列场景写得不厌其烦，细致入微；而对于木兰战斗过程的描写却非常的简单，十年生活，只用了两句话——“将军百战死，壮士十年归”就一交一代完了。这种描写上的对比，突出了对木兰孝敬父母、勇于担当重任这种一性一格的颂扬，也隐含了诗人对美好生活
的向往祝福，对战争的冷淡和远离。这种笔墨详略的安排，在我们写文章的时候是值得借鉴的，详略得当，繁简分明，文章才会有血有肉，主旨鲜明。
【启示】
木兰代父从军，体现了木兰孝敬父母的品格，孝敬父母是每一个做儿女应尽的责任与义务。每天给父母一句问候，一个微笑，是孝敬；努力学一习一，取得好的成绩，这也是孝敬；帮父母做一些家务，分担一点劳动，是孝敬；为父母盛一碗饭，削一个水果，也是孝敬……孝敬父母其实也很简单，只要你有这份孝心，只要你能行动起来，时时刻刻都可以。
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