英语四级2013年12月段落翻译练习及答案

英语四级2013年12月段落翻译

月光族

中国经济的高速发展，带来了消费文化的曰益流行，同时也催生了一批具有高学历，充分享受资本主义消费模式的年轻人，他们习惯于当月工资当月花。因而被称为“月光族”（the moonlight group)。“月光族”一词出现于20世纪90年代后期，是用来讽刺那些出身富裕、接受高等教育、充分享受快餐文化(fast food culture)的年轻人。

China’s economy is developing very quickly, and has brought with it a culture of consumption more prevalent with each passing day. At the same time, it has brought into being an educated group of young people who enjoy capitalist consumption way. They’re used to spending money as soon as they get it every month, and s o are called the moonlight group”. This word came into being during the 1990s, to make fun of those born into wealth，who have received a high education, and appreciate fast food culture.

中国城市化

中国城市化(urbanization)将会充分释放潜在内需（domestic demand)。一些经济学家指出，在中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临着城市化的进程。这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，也为人们提供更多的就业机会。随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基础设施建设(infrastructure construction),包括水源等能源的供应将会成为城市发展的焦点问题。商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化社会的一项基本特征。逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消费者的需求。

China’s urbanization will release the full potential of domestic demand. Some economists point out that urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country(类似的句子注意，非常口语化，注意不要直译).It will lead to a better quality of life for many people，and provide individuals with more job opportunities. The construction of housing and city infrastructure, including water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban development as more people migrate to cities. Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city. But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation. The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society. Expanding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.

出境旅游

联合国下属机构世界旅游组织(World Tourism Organization)公布的数据显示，中国游客对全球旅游业的贡献最大。中国人去年花在出境游上的支出膨胀至1020亿美元，同2011年相比增长了40%。联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发布的一份声明中说，这一增幅令中国迅速超越德国和美国。后两者在之前是出境游支出最高的两个国家。2012年德美两国出境旅游支出均同比增长6%,约840亿美元。

The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organiza?tion show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry. Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011. That surge sent China screaming

past Germany and the U.S. —the former No. 1 and No. 2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year- on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.

风俗习惯

在中国月饼是一种特殊的食品，广受海内外华人的欢迎。中秋吃月饼就好比圣诞节吃馅饼(mince pies)。为了庆祝中秋节，中国人通常做两件事：一是观赏满月。二是品尝美味的月饼。中秋节是每年农历八月十五日。据说，这一天的月亮是一年中最圆的。而(月亮正是庆贺中秋的全部主题)。在中国人眼中，月饼象征着全家人的大团圆。

Moon cakes are a special kind of food in China. They are very popular with the Chinese at home and abroad. Moon cakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are to Christmas. To celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese usually do two things:enjoy the full moon and eat delicious moon cakes. Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar(注意节日日期的语法方式).It is the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest.( And the moon is what this celebration is all about). In the eyes of the Chinese people ,a moon cake symbolizes the reunion of all family members.

讲解：第二句中的“……就好比”可以用“……s like…”，但译文中所用句型更好地表达这个含义。如：“智力之于大脑，犹如视力之于躯体。“ Intellect is to the mind what sight is to the body.”

皮影戏

皮影戏又称“影子戏”。它是中国著名民间戏剧形式之一。表演时艺人通常一边演唱一边操纵用兽皮或纸板制作的人物形象。它们的影子通过灯光出现在帘布上。这营造了有人物在活动的幻象。有时表演者需要控制三到四个偶人。皮影戏在我国历史悠久，元代时还曾传到世界上很多国家，迷倒了不少国外戏迷，被人们亲切地称为“中国影灯”。

The shadow puppet pla y, also known as ‘shadow play’(此处的又称被译为一个定语从句), is one of China’s famous folk opera forms（（形式）.During the performance, players usually sing while manipulating human figures, which are made of animal skin and paper board. The shadows of those human figures are reflected on a curtain through the light. This creates the illusion of moving images. Sometimes the performer needs to control three or four puppets. Shadow puppet play enjoys a long history in China. It was introduced to many countries during the Yuan Dynasty and attracted many foreign audience.They call the art form Chinese shadow play.

社交饥渴

手机，是一项伟大的发明。但很显然，手机也刷新了人与人之间的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条公告：请与会者关闭手机。可是，会议室里手机铃声仍然响成一片。我们都是普通人，并没有多少特别重要的事情。尽管如此，我们也不会轻易关掉手机。打开手机象征着我们与这个世界的联系。显然，手机反映出我们的“社交饥渴症”。(thirst for socialization)

The cell phone is a great invention. But obviously, It has altered the

relationship among people.There is（作为一种句型模式，可以通用表达一些无法直译的口语化词） usually a notice on the door of the meeting room, which reads, “Please turn off(关闭close手机） your hand-set.” However, phones ring now and then when the meeting goes on. We are but ordinary people and have few urgencies to deal with.Nevertheless, we will not turn off our phones easily. Phones-on symbolizes our connecting with this world. Obviously, cell phone has been reflect ing our“thirst for socialization”.

北京介绍

北京是座有三千年历史的古城。早在公元前十一世纪，北京就是燕国的国都，因此北京有燕京之称。在以后的几千年里，北京又成为金、元、明、清各朝的国都。北京是中国的六大古都之一，其他五个是西安、南京、洛阳、开封和杭州。北京是座既古老又年轻的城市，有许多名胜古迹。从故宫、天坛到颐和园，你们可以看到北京保留了许多昔日的风采。

Beijing is an ancient city with a history of 3,000 years. As early as the 11th century, B.C(AD公元).,it was the capital of the Kingdom of Yan; that's why Beijing is also known as Yanjing. In the few thousand years afterwards（随后的）, Beijing again served as the capital for the Jin,Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Beijing is one of China's six ancient capitals; the other five are Xi’an，Nanjing, Luoyang, Kaifeng, and Hangzhou.Beijing is a city both old and young, with many places of historical interest and scenic beauty.From the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, and the Summer Palace, you can see that（注意类似的句子） Beijing has retained a lot of

color of old Chinese life.

生活习惯

多少年来，我养成了一个习惯：每天早晨四点在黎明以前起床工作。我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活儿。因此我对黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感觉到的。我从前在什么报上读过一篇文章，讲黎明时分天安门广场上的清洁工人。那情景必然是非常动人的，可惜我从未能见到，只是心向往之而已。

For many years, I have been in the habit of getting up before daybreak to start work at four.Instead of going out for a jog or walk, I’ll set about my work as soon as I’m out of bed. As a result, it is from inside my study that I've got the feel of predawn Beijing. Years ago, I hit upon a newspaper article about street cleaners in Tian’anmen Square at daybreak. It must have been a very moving scene, but what a pity I haven’t seen it with my own eyes. I can only picture it in my mind longingly.

保护动物

目前，人类的生存环境正在遭到破坏，美丽的大自然已经不那么美丽了。保护野生动物，也就是保护人类自己。我强烈呼吁：不要再捕杀黑猩猩，不要再捕杀野生动物了，让我们人类多一些地球上的朋友，多给我们下一代保留一些野生动物吧! 否则，地球将毁灭在人类手中，人类将毁灭在自己手中。

At present, man’s living environment is being ruined, and beautiful nature is no longer so beautiful. Protection of wild life is protection of man himself. So I appeal strongly to all to stop killing the chimpanzee

or any other wild animal.Let us human beings have more friends on the earth, and leave more wild life for future generations. Or the earth would be destroyed by human, and human beings by themselves.

英语学习

到中国来旅游观光的人很少不会注意到中国人学习英语的劲头。公园里有专门的英语角，老老少少会定期聚在一起操练。马路上外国游客常常被学习英语的人围住交谈，从天气到政治，无所不谈。各种英语班如雨后春笋般在到处出现。

Few visitors to China will fail to notice the eagerness（渴望）of the Chinese to learn English.In public parks there are special corners where English learners old and young gather at regular time to practice their spoken English .Foreign visitors are often besieged on streets by English learners who want to talk with them in English abut anything from weather to politics. English classes are mushrooming across the land.

发明创造

过去50年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从1900年到1950年，改变人类生活的发明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机——当然还有核武器和计算机。而近50年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗？答案并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。

Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of（····时期）invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was changed by such invention as cars, airplanes,telephones, radios and television sets, not

to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely(并不是这样). Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.

电脑技术

有些人担心电脑技术的广泛使用会进一步恶化就业形势。但另一种观点认为尽管这对个人来说会丢掉饭碗，对整个社会来说由于提高了生产率，因而有利于经济的发展。不管对社会影响如何，有一点是肯定的：有技术的人变得越来越吃香，没技术的人工作越来越难找。

Some people are worrying that the wide use of computer technology will cause further unemployment.however,another argument holds that although some individuals will lose their jobs society as a whole will benefit economically through increases in productivity. Despite its effects on society ，one thing is certain:the technically trained will become ever more valuable while the jobs for the blue-collar population will become less available.

个人集体

不管是在一个公司，还是在一个政府里，重大的决定总是个人作出的，而不是集体。我们需要集体的讨论，因为可以交流看法和经验。但是集体讨论不能代替个人的作用。理由很清楚，如要作出一个重大的决定，集体总是不能对迅速变化的事件作出同样迅速的反应。

An important decision is always made by individuals not by committees whether it involves a company or a government. We need committees because that’s where people could share their opinions and experiences. But they could not replace individuals.The reason is obvious: a committee faced with a major decision can’t always move as quickly as the events it is trying to respond to.

学习机会

上大学给人们提供了在无边无际的知识海洋里遨游探索的机会。为了丰富多彩的人生，大学生应该充分利用目前读大学的大好时光。他们应该意识到上大学决不仅仅意味着得到一个学位，得到一个好的工作。他们如果不满足于专业课内容，就会终生受益。

College provides a chance to explore the vast areas of unlimited knowledge. To have a rich and full life a college student should make full of the opportunities at hand. He should realize that going to college means a lot more than acquiring a degree and securing a good job. If they can explore beyond his immediate career objective they will benefit the rest of his life.

文化交流

文化是不同国家的人们互相了解的最佳媒介。通过举办文化节，许多中国城市在世界上的知名度提高了。已经证明，对促进中国人民和世界其他地方人民之间的交流来说，这是最好的途径之一。这种交流不仅仅限于文化方面，还扩大到

了经济和其他领域。

Culture is the best medium for people of different countries learn about each other.many countries have improved their prestige in the world by holding culture festivals.As has been proven that,this is one of the best ways to promote the conversation between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world.this kind of conversation is not limited to culture,but expend to economy and other fields.

大四生活

现在大学生的学习压力相当重。除了大四，他们开始找工作了，其余的学生总是忙于学习，而不愿参加校园团体和俱乐部，不愿参加体育锻炼和其他课外活动，不愿与他们的朋友玩玩，不愿关心和学习没有关系的事。总之，他们就像一个机器人。压力大，时间少，功课多。看到同寝室里的人都上图书馆去学习，到深夜闭馆才回，而自己却去看电影，他们就会有一种内疚感。一想到白天什么事都没干，心里就感到不安，会整夜因此睡不着觉。他们学习太紧张，几乎没有时间好好品尝生活，干些其他事，成为一个全面发展的人。读大学使他们失去太多的个人幸福和健康。

Now college students bear heavy academic pressure. Except seniors who are beginning to look for a job,they are always to join campus organizations,unwilling to take part in sports and other extracurricular activities, unwilling to share the interests of their friends and unwilling to pay attention to anything that is not connected with their studies. In short ,they have become nothing but a robot. They are under pressure to

do too much work in too little time. If their roommates are studying in the library until it closes at midnight while they go to a movie they will feel guilty. The idea of doing nothing during the day will make them uncomfortable and sleepless all night. They study so hard that they have hardly had time to enjoy life and to pursue other interests to grow as well-rounded people. The pursuit of college education costs them too much personal happiness and health.

人物介绍

徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中，从不盲目迷信书本上的结论，从不把权威看作是真理的唯一基础。他发现人研究的地理记载中有许多不很可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区、人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。他不仅善于观察，观察的精确、耐心、客观、而且对观察的结果锲而不舍地进行思考。

During his life time Xu Xiake visited 16 province s leaving his footprints nearly everywhere across the land. He never blindly accepted the conclusion s given by books nor did he treat authority as the sole basis for truth. As a result he found many inaccurac ies in the travel notes on geography written by his predecessor s. In order to get a detailed and truthful picture of the particular places he preferred to travel on foot instead of by cart or boat despite long distance s and even venture d into

mountainous areas and jungle s which are rarely traveled by people and full of dangers. The payoff for his effort was his discovery of many fantastic landscapes which attracted him to return in different seasons and even different hours of the day to observe their kaleidoscopic spectacles. He was not only a good observer accurate patient and objective but also applied persistent thought to the observation s he made.

节日联欢

在这明月当空的中秋之夜，我很高兴能应邀出席贵公司的庆祝晚宴，同各位一起度过一个轻松、难忘的夜晚。我们平时忙于各自的工作，几乎没有时间坐下来交谈。我希望这次晚会可以让我们无所拘束地相互沟通，增进友谊。在这个高度竞争的时代，人际关系越来越紧张，似乎缺少了传统意义上的那种人间温暖的关怀。我国的中秋节不仅给人们提供了团聚的机会，其意义还包含了关怀、融洽和奉献。我为有幸参加这次中秋聚会，再次表示感谢。

参考译文

On this most beautiful moon-lit mid-autumn evening, I'm very glad to be invited to attend your company's celebration evening party, and share a relaxing and memorable evening with you. We are so busily engaged in our work that we have virtually little time sitting down and talking to each other. I hope this party will give an opportunity to talk to each other freely, and to increase / enhance personal friendship. In this era of intensive competition, interpersonal relations become increasingly

intense. What appears to be lacking are the traditional human warmth and care. China's Mid-autumn Festival does not only provide an occasion for getting together, but also implies opportunities for care, harmony and dedication. I wish to thank you again for your invitation to / giving me the opportunity to attend this mid-autumn evening party.

香港简介

香港坐落在中国南端的一个弹丸小岛上。在日趋全球化的经济中，香港正起着一个非常重要的角色。由于香港的战略位置，面向国际的商业氛围，和优越的通讯条件，使她成为世界贸易的活动中心和亚太地区的神经中枢。香港已和世界上170个国家和地区的公司有商业往来。与亚洲其他国家和地区的贸易大幅度增长。香港的集装港口是世界上最繁忙的，而且还在进一步扩建。虽然香港开始成为世界金融中心还是最近二十年的事，但现在海外贷款已占到香港银行提供的总贷款的一半以上。当这颗东方明珠重新回到中国的掌上时，中国人民眼中的香港未来比过去任何时候都更加光明灿烂。

Hong Kong a tiny island located on the tip of Southern China plays a pivotal role in an increasingly globalize d economy. Given its strategic location internationally oriented business culture and excellent communications it has become a crossroad of world trade and the nerve center of the Asia—Pacific region. Commercial links reach out to corporations in over 170 countries and regions. Its trade with the rest of Asia has increased substantially. Its container port is now the busiest and is undergoing further expansion. Although Hong Kong’s emergence as a world

financial center came in recent 20 years offshore loans account for more than half of the total loan provided by its banks. As the “Pearl of the Orient” returns once again to China’s palm， its people see her future as brighter than ever.

人际关系

有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。人际关系就是一种善于听取别人的意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。碰到错误，他们首先想到自己，拒不承认自己有错，或情绪低落或大发雷霆，成为有刺的人，难以相处。

Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in your career. Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be good listener to be sensitive toward others’ needs to take criticism well. People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes and take their share of blame which is a mature and responsible way to handle an error. That’s why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are being laid off. Sensitive in their dealings with others they are well liked everywhere. People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble taking criticism. When

confronted with a mistake they let their ego get in the way. They deny responsibility and became moody or angry. They mark themselves as “prickly”.

外贸发展

在过去20年中，世界上没有任何一个国家的外贸发展速度像中国那么快。日本用了20多年时间才将其外贸总额翻了一番而中国却翻了两番。中国现在已是全球第三大电器生产国，并且正在成为全球电器市场上的主角。中国还是世界上劳动密集型(labor-intensive)产品的主要生产国。间才将其外贸总额翻了一番，而中国却翻了两番。

Over the last two decade s, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast as China. Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China, for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade (has increased its foreign trade by three times .. Already the world' s third largest producer of electric appliances, China is now playing a major role in the global market of the electric wares. China has also become a major producer of labor-intensive manufacture d goods in the world.

经济地位

自1978年改革开放以来，中国经济增长了90倍，是增长最快的主要经济体。

预测2011至2015年，年均GDP增长会保持9.5%。中国是世界最大的出口国，第二大进口国。它也是世界第二大奢侈品消费国。目前的GDP位于世界第二，大约6万亿美元，相当于美国的四成。中国是世界工厂。每三件家具，三件玩具，两双鞋子，两件衣服中，就有一件是由中国制造的。

参考译文

Since economic opening up and reform policy began in 1978, China’s economy has grown 90 times bigger, and is the fastest growing major economy in the world. China’s annual average GDP growth is predict ed to be 9.5 percent for the period of 2011-2015. It is the world’s largest exporter and the second largest importer of goods. It is also known as the world’s second biggest consumer of luxury goods. It now has the world’s second largest GDP at about 6 trillion US dollars, 40 percent of the United States. China

is the world’s factory. One out of every three household appliances/ three toys/ two pairs of shoes/ two shirts are made in China.

中国概况

中国人民共和国，简称中国，位于东亚，与14个国家或地区接壤。它是世界上人口最多的国家，有13亿人口。中国有56个民族，汉族占总人口92%。汉语是世界上使用最广泛也是外国人最难懂的语言之一。汉语方言很多，使用最广的是普通话和粤语。汉语发源于象形文字(hieroglyph)，有超过四万个汉字。受过良好教育的人能认识约六千个字。阅读报纸需要认识三千字左右。

The People’s Republic of China, commonly known as China, is located

in East Asia, and borders 14 nations or districts in the world. It is the most populous state in the world with a 1.3 billion population. China’s made of 56 distinctive ethnic groups, with Han Chinese making the 92% of its whole population. Chinese is the most widely spoken language in the world as well as one of the most complicated for foreigners.There are many regional dialects of Chinese although the most widely spoken is Mandarin and Cantonese. Chinese characters evolved over time from(随时间演变) earlier forms of hieroglyphs. Chinese contains over 40,000 characters, but a well-educated person can recognized around 6,000 characters. Some 3,000 are required to read a newspaper.