英语被动语态练习题20篇含解析

英语被动语态练习题20篇含解析

一、单项选择被动语态

1．105．The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.

A．will make B．will be made

C．has been made D．had made

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际奥委会宣布在2020年东京奥运会上将增加15

个比赛项目。从年份2020可以看出是将来的动作，项目和增加是被动关系，故要用将来时的被动，故选B。

2．—Have you heard about that school bus accident?

—Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________.

A．were saved B．was saved

C．have saved D．has been saved

【答案】A

【解析】

考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车

上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。

3．It's great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.

A．trapped B．have been trapped

C．had trapped D．had been trapped

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和被动语态。句意：所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了，这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去，且被困应在被救之前，应用过去完成时；同时，visitors和

trap构成被动关系，应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。

4．In no time______ by a string of measures backing Hainan’s efforts to deepen reform and opening-up.

A．the landmark decision was followed

B．was the landmark decision followed

C．did the landmark decision follow；

D．the landmark decision had been followed;

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考察句子语序。句意：在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深化改革和扩大开放。In no time（立刻，马上）位于句首，句子用陈述语序，不用部分倒装。另外，该句陈述的过去的事情，因而用一般过去时，综述选A。

【点睛】

关于部分倒装。部分倒装，也叫不完全倒装，指的是谓语部分的be动词，情态动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类：第一，否定性副词或者赋词短语，比如seldom，hardly，at no time, in no case, on no occasion等位于句首时，比如，Hardly does he get late. 第二，only修饰副词性短语谓语句首时，比如only in this way can we succeed.而本题中in no time (立刻，马上)，不是否定意义的短语，故不用部分倒装。

5．8 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.

A．killed B．were killed

C．have killed D．have been killed

【答案】B

【解析】考查被动语态。句意：在圣塔菲高中，一名17岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪，在圣塔菲高中杀害了8名学生和2名教师。8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语，复数形式，和kill之间是被动关系，再根据in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的事故之一，可知这是在讲过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为B。

6．It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people.

A．are blamed B．was to blame C．was blamed D．were to blame

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致以及be to blame的用法。句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜人类的死亡负责。be to blame for…表示“应受责备，应对……负责”时，固定短语，因此排除A、C项；这里强调主语the natural disaster，是一个强调句，谓语动词应与主语保持一致，即与the natural disaster保持一致，因此用was to blame，故选B项。

7．Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce.

A．was served B．will serve

C．is served D．served

【答案】C

【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意：通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句子说的是一般情况，要用一般现在时态；句子主语Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称，和谓语动词serve之间是被动关系，所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为C。

8．Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.

A．had made B．have made

C．were made D．have been made

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态，efforts是句子主语，复数形式，和谓语动词make之间是被动关系，所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态，故答案为D。

9．This is one of the highest buildings that _____ in our city recently.

A．has been built B．build

C．have been built D．have built

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意：这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一座。此处the highest buildings是先行词，指物，复数形式，且和build之间是被动关系，再根据recently所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选C。

10．It’s reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research . A．has been done B．will have been done

C．will be done D．had been done

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：考查时态及语态。句意：据报道，直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后，中国才会买进欧盟债务，含有not ..until的状语从句，主句一般将来，从句表示已经做过研究之后，所以用完成时表示，研究与做之间又是被动关系，由此综合两者，A正确。

考点：考查时态及语态

11．Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As fo r his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”

A．could have been rewarded B．must have been rewarded

C．should be rewarded D．need have been rewarded

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予；B. must have been rewarded一定被授予；C. should be rewarded应该被授予；D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。

【点睛】

could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为“可能（已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。

12．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.

A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。

13．—It’s so humid these days!

—Don’t worry! The rain ________ to stop from tomorrow.

A．will expect B．expects

C．will be expected D．is expected

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：——这些日子天气潮湿。——不要担心！这场雨预计明天就会停止。根据语境，“expect”表示现在发生的事情，用一般现在时，“停止”的动作发生在明天，且主语The rain与expect之间是被动关系。故选D。

14．Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present.

A．were exhibited B．were being exhibited

C．are being exhibited D．are exhibited

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根据时间状语“at present”可知，句子描述现在正在进行的动作，主语artifacts与谓语exhibit 之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。

15．Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy.

A．is fixing on B．is being fixed on

C．has fixed on D．had been fixed on

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态语态。句意：现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上，因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。 attention与focus之间为被动关系，Now提示用现在进行时。

16．The new library ________; it will be open next year.

A．had been built B．was built

C．was being built D．is being built

【答案】D

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。

17．一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?

一Not until our plan________ by the committee．

A．will be approved B．approves

C．is to approve D．has been approved

【答案】D

【解析】

这题考查时态语态，our plan和approve是被动关系，用被动，选择A或D。A项是一般将来时，not until引导的是时间状语从句，不能用将来时，可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，选D。

18．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.

A．is held B．has been held

C．will be held D．had been held

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。

考点: 考查句式用法

19．The two nurses ________ 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.

A．rewarded B．would be rewarded

C．have been rewarded D．had been rewarded

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”，可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。

考点：考查时态和语态

20．—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed

—I’m not sure, but he _______ in a traffic jam riding h ere.

A．could stuck B．should stuck

C．must have stuck D．might have been stuck

【答案】D

【解析】

考查含情态动词的被动语态。上句：我想知道为什么罗伯特面试还没有出现。如果他错过了很可惜。下句：我不确定，但是他可能被困于交通堵塞。此处表示对过去已经发生事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式，根据句意可知是被动，故答案为D。

21．By the end of last year, another new hospital __________ in our city.

A．would complete B．would be completed

C．was completed D．had been completed

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意：去年年底为止，我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有by the end of表示“到…为止”如果后面接过去的时间，句子要用过去完成时。本句中by the end of last year，by后是过去的时间状语，句子要用过去完成时，故选D。

【点睛】

By表示时间，意为“到......时为止”；该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接by后面是现在的时间，句中就使用现在完成时；如果by后面是过去的时间状语，就使用过去完成时；如果后面是将来的时间，就使用将来完成时。

By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.

到他十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语

By 2012the population of this city will have risen to 20 millon.

到2020年，这个城市的人口将增至二千万。

By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.

当简到家时，她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了

22．—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?

—I __________. But my car ___________ .

A．would; was fixed B．would have; was fixed

C．would have; was being fixed D．did; was being fixed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：---我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？---我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have done；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。

23．His sister left home in 1998, and_________________ since.

A．had not been heard of B．has not been heard of

C．had not heard of D．has not heard of

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查时态：句意：他的妹妹在1998年离家，至今杳无音讯”。 And前用过去式表示她1998年离家这一事实，而and后用has not been heard of表示从1998到现在这一段时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，而且his sister和hear of是被动关系，选B。

考点：考查时态

24．If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened. A．had been put B．were put C．should be put D．would be put

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。

【点睛】

英语中的三种语气，语气是动词的一种形式，用来说明我们对自己的话所采取的态度。陈述语气（疑问，否定，肯定，感叹）祈使语气（命令，要求，建议，警告）虚拟语气：不可能发生的事，愿望，建议，与事实相反的假设等.虚拟语气在条件中的具体用法真实条件句If you work hard,you’ll surely pass the exam.虚拟条件句（假设情况不存在，实现机会很小）If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.if从句的谓语动词主句谓语动词1.与现在事实相反动词过去式（be一律用were）would/could/might/should+动词原形2.与过去事实相反had donewould/could/might/should+have done3.与将来事实可能相反a.动词过去式（be一律用were）b.should+动词原形（不能用would）c.were to+动词原形

would/could/might/should+动词原形与现在事实相反if从句：动词过去式（be---were）主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If we had time, we would go with you.If I were you, I

shouldn’t do that.If it weren’t raining, we wouldn’t stay.与过去事实相反if从句：had done主句：would/could/might/should+have doneIf the teacher hadn’t helped us, we couldn’t have succeeded.I could have done it better if I had been more careful.If he hadn’t been ill, he might have come.3.与将来事实可能相反if从句：a.动词过去式（be一律用were） b.should+动词原形（不能用would） c.were to+动词原形主句：would/could/might/should+动词原形If he came tomorrow, I would tell him everything.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home and watch TV.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.Should he come tomorrow, please give the book to him.错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处理。If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If you had followed the doctor’s advice then, yo u would be all right now.If you had watered them more, the crops would be growing still better now.(有时时间会省略）含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件不用if条件从句，而用介词或介词短语来表示。They would not be able to live without him.（如果没有）He would have failed but for his teacher’s timely advice.（要不是）=if it had not been forIf only you had worked with greater care!(要是......就好了）You would have done the same thing in her position.With a little more care you could have avoid the traffic accident.虚拟结合条件句在虚拟语气中，假设的情况有时间可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来，并且虚拟的情况和真实的情况同时存在。I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the singing competition.（实------虚）=I was ill that day. If I hadn’t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the singing competition.He would have bought the piano, but he didn’t have enough money.（虚------实）=He would have bought the piano if he had had enough money, but in fact he didn’t have enough money.省略if倒装条件句在虚拟语气中，if 从句假设的情况中如果有助动词had, should和were，那么可省略if，把had, should和were放在句首构成倒装，简称省略if倒装条件句。If he had finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.If I were you, I wouldn’t do that.=were I you, I wouldn’t do that.If I should meet him, I would tell him about it.=Should I meet him, I would tell him about it.

25．This project ______ considered thoroughly, and I’m sure it ______ finished on time. A．must be; may be B．should be; can be

C．may be; must be D．can be; should be

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：这个项目应该被全面地考虑，并且我确定可以准时完成这个项目。should be 表示“应该” 这个项目要求考虑的全面，can be 表示“能够” 有能力完成这个项目，所以选B。

考点：考查情态动词

26．They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _______.

A．to solve B．solved C．to be solved D．solving

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语be difficult to do sth.“难以；很难……”后跟不定式，且在此结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用to solve形式。故选A。

27．This company _____ roundly by unionists and social justice groups when it fired a number of workers for no reason a decade ago.

A．condemned B．has condemned C．has been condemned D．was condemned 【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意：十年前，当这家公司莫名其妙解雇许多员工时，收到了工会和社会正义团体的严厉谴责。该句有明显的时间状语a decade ago十年前，只能跟一般过去时连用。结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以要用被动语态。故选D项。

【点睛】

解时态题，可以结合句中的时间状语，选择相应的时态。至于语态，则根据句意来判断。比如该题有明显的时间状语a decade ago，这是典型的用一般过去时的标志，结合句意，这家公司是被谴责，所以必须要用被动语态，所以选择一般过去时的被动语态。

28．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _____ with success in the end.

A．rewarded B．were rewarded

C．will reward D．will be rewarded

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1. 确定时态：根据句尾的in the end可知，事情发生在将来，用将来时。2. 确定语态：efforts和reward是被动关系，应该使用被动语态。句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力终将会得到回报。综上，用一般将来时的被动，故选D。

【点睛】

一般将来时

1. 表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等）。

2. 表示一种趋向或习惯动作。

例如：We’ll die without air or water.

3. 表示趋向行为的动词如come, go, start, begin, leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。

4. be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别：

(1)shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。

(2)be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will do则能，表意愿。

例如：If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)

If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)

(3)be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。例如：A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.

(4)be about to do sth.表示“即将/正要去做某事”，通常不与时间状语连用，但可与when引导的从句连用，构成常考句型：sb was about to do sth when sb did sth。

例如：Autumn harvest is about to start.

29．—Have you heard of yesterday's gas explosion?

—Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the scene ________ to have made it out safely.

A．have thought B．are thought

C．had thought D．were thought

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意：——你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗?——是的，在现场的35名矿工中，只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有2个人被认为安全获救，用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B.

30．Shakespeare’s play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past years. A．had been made B．was made

C．has been made D．would be made

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词的时态与语态。句意：在过去的几年里，莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》至少被拍成了十部不同的电影。over the past years表示的是从过去到现在的动作，所以句子用现在完成时；Shakespeare’s play Hamlet与谓语make为被动关系，因此选择现在完成时被动语态。故选C。

31．People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult ________ so long as the whole

nation works hard for it.

A．realizing B．to be realized

C．realized D．to realize

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型和语态。句意：人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficult to do 结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, unpleasant等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选D。

32．After completing the training, I, together with my classmates, ____ to the town that was far from the city.

A．were sent B．was sent C．have been sent D．has been sent

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：完成了训练，我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。together with（和）符合就远原则，故现在只看主语I，是单数；根据下文的was判断为一般过去时，send和主语I之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，即一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故用was sent，故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查就远原则，即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原则的词或短语有：as well as;(together/along/combined) with; rather than; except; besides; but; including; in addition to; apart from；instead of等

例如：

1. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生,没有人在教室。

2. Everybody except you is down on me.除了你,大家都看不起我。

3. A woman with two children has come.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。

4. John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.约翰,而不是他的室友,应该受到责备。

33．This kind of cloth_______well and large quantities of the cloth ________.

A．is sold； have been sold B．is sold; has been sold

C．sells； have been sold D．sells ; has been sold

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词的时态语态。句意：这种布销路很好，已售出大量。sell/wash/burn 等词在表示事物的状态、特点时，可以用主动表被动，因此第一个空应选 sells；第二空表示“出售，卖”的动作，用被动语态，且强调对现在的影响应该用现在完成时态，故正确答案为C。

34．Don’t worry. The hard work that you do now _____ later in life.

A．will be repaid B．was being repaid

C．has been repaid D．was repaid

【答案】A

【解析】

试题解析：考查时态辨析。根据句子末尾出现的时间状语later in life意为在以后的生活中，可以判断为将来时态，此处要注意的是不要被前文的now混淆，that you do now在句中充当the hard work的定语成分，与句子时态无关。故此处为将来时态。句意：不要担心，你现在付出的努力在以后一定会有所回报。故选A。

考点：考查时态辨析。

35．More efforts, as reported, _____ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.

A．are made B．will be made

C．are being made D．have been made

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，未来几年将会有更多的努力来加快供给侧结构性改革。本句的时间状语in the years ahead＂在将来的几年＂和一般将来时连用，且efforts与动词make构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。所以要使用一般将来时的被动语态形式，故B项正确。

36．An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery. A．was held B．would hold C．has hold D．will be held

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

考查时态语态。

【详解】

句意：午门画廊将展出885件文物。上文中的to be displayed表将来，故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系，故用will be held。故选D。

37．My brother and I have __________her birthday party.

A．been invited B．been invited for

C．invited to D．been invited to

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查语态和固定搭配。句意：我哥哥和我被邀请参加她的生日聚会。My brother and I与invite之间是被动关系，invite sb to somewhere表示“邀请某人去某地”，故D项正确。

38．You can’t move in right now. The house _____ now.

A．has painted B．is painted

C．is being painted D．is painting

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。

39．A new function of China’s official train ticket booking website ______to boost buyers’ chances of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming Spring Festival travel rush.

A．will be expected B．expects C．has been expected D．is expected

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：中国火车票预订官网的一项新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票机会。be expected to do表示“有望……”，常用于一般现在时，故D项正确。

40．In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones ________ yet.

A．haven’t built B．haven’t been built C．hadn’t built D．hadn’t been built 【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态及语态。句意：在20世纪80年代，这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面，混凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知，“混凝土的道路还没有建”表示的动作发生在“there were only muddy roads”这一过去的动作之前，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时；build与concrete ones是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故选D。