高中英语语法知识点 动词和动词短语
考点07 动词和动词短语
高考频度：★★★★★英语动词根据其意义和句法作用，可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四大类。实义动词又称行为动词，为表示动作或状态的动词，可以单独充当句子的谓语，实义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词等构成，在句中起动词的作用。高考设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语词意的辨析及其理解和运用能力。
考向一常用动词辨析
1.advise，persuade，suggest
advise用作及物动词，表示＂劝告，忠告，建议＂，强调提醒或引起注意；
persuade表示＂说服＂，强调劝说成功，主要搭配是：persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事（相当于persuade sb.into doing sth.）；如表示劝说但不一定成功，则使用try to persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。
suggest用作及物动词，意为＂建议＂，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句，从句中的谓语用＂should＋动词原形＂，should可以省略。
2．bring，take，carry，fetch
bring＂带来，拿来，取来＂，强调从别处带人或物到说话人所在地。
take＂拿走，带走＂，强调把人或物从说话者身边带走，方向与bring相反。
fetch＂去拿来，去取来＂，强调从甲地出发到乙地取物或人后，又回到甲地，相当于go and bring。
carry＂携带，搬运，运送＂，强调用人力或车辆把人或物从一地运到另一地。
3．win，beat，defeat
win表示＂赢得，战胜＂时，宾语多是比赛项目等。win sb.则指＂赢得人心＂。
beat/defeat意为＂打败，击败＂，其宾语只能是人或由人组成的机构。如：beat sb.打败某人；defeat their team/ the country/the enemy击败了他们的队/国家/敌人。
beat多用于表示在比赛或争论中战胜对手；
defeat多用于在战争中打败对手。
4．believe，believe in
believe表示＂相信，认为＂，侧重于相信某人说的话或所做事情的真实性，其后可跟名词、代词、不定式的复合结构或宾语从句。
believe in表示＂相信，信任，信仰，信奉＂，其后常接真理、宗教、原则之类的名词。?You should believe in yourself and believe that you will succeed one day. 你应该相信自己，并且相信某天你将会成功的。
5．book，order
二者都有＂订购，预订＂之意，但book指订各种＂票，座位＂；而order指＂餐馆订饭、菜，定做衣服，订货＂等，常用结构：place an order for sth. with sb.向某人订购某物。对比：book a ticket/two seats/a doubleroom订一张票/两个座位/一个双人间；orderfour dishes/ lunch要四个菜/订好午饭。
?He booked a table for four and ordered six dishes. 他订了一张四人桌，并且要了六个菜。
6．choose，select，elect
choose表示＂选择，挑选＂，有时也表示＂推选，选举＂，但一般表示范围很小、普通的选择，没有elect正式。 select表示＂（精心地）挑选，选定＂，具有＂精选＂之意。elect表示＂选举＂，指较大范围的正式的选举。
7．disturb，interrupt
disturb是及物动词，有＂打扰，扰乱，使人心神不安＂之意。常用短语：
disturbthe sleeping child/one’s plan/the public peace打扰睡觉的孩子/打乱计划/扰乱社会治安；
bementally disturbed精神上受到影响；be disturbed about对……感到不安。
interrupt有＂打断，打扰＂之意，侧重打断。常用短语：
interrupt the supplies中断供应
interruptone’s speech打断演讲
8．hurt，injure，wound，harm
hurt是一般用语，指精神或肉体上受到的伤害，有较强烈的＂疼痛＂意味；
injure比hurt更正式，常指意外事故对身体或精神上的＂损害，损伤＂；
wound主要指外界暴力引起身体创伤，尤指战争中受的刀、枪、剑等伤；
harm指对人的肉体或精神带来伤害，特指伤及一个人或其心态、健康、权利、事业等，使
之产生痛苦、损失或任何不幸遭遇。
9．miss，lose
miss意为＂未能赶上（抓住），错过，失去，漏掉＂。而lose意为＂丢失，迷失方向，迷路＂。
10．fit，be fit for，be fit to，suit
fit用作及物或不及物动词，表示＂（衣服等）合适，使合身＂；
be fit for是形容词短语，表示＂适合的，能胜任的＂，for后接名词或动名词；
befit to表示＂适合，能胜任＂，to是动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。suit指颜色、款式的＂适合＂，而fit指尺寸、大小的＂合适＂。
11．save，spare
save意为＂储蓄，节省＂，指把钱、时间及其他东西储蓄起来以备将来用，或指节省东西，避免浪费，也指＂救命＂。而spare意为＂省＂，指细心地省下或节省钱、时间、力气等，常表示省出一部分以留作他用。
12．seat，sit
seat是及物动词，意思是＂使坐下＂，可以接人作宾语，还可以用于被动语态。常见搭配有：seat sb.使某人坐下；seat oneself自己坐下；be seated＝sit down坐好。而sit 是不及物动词，不能带宾语。
考向二考查同根介词或副词动词短语的辨析
使用频率较高的这类动词有：call，cut，come，go，get，go，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make等。常见的介词或副词有：in，off，out，up，away，for，on，over等。
1.动词＋away构成的短语动词有：
throw away扔掉put away把……收拾好give away捐赠，分发
carry away运走run away 潜逃，跑开go away 走开
2．动词＋for构成的短语动词有：
answer for负责provide for供给all for要求
plan for打算，为……计划hope for希望，期待ask for索取，寻找
send for派人去请go for努力获取pay for偿还，赔偿
3．动词＋on构成的短语动词有：
try on试穿，试验put on穿上，上演have on穿着，戴着
pull on穿，戴hold on不挂断，坚持，继续carry on继续开展，坚持
keep on继续go on继续get on上（车）
4．动词＋over构成的短语动词有：
come over过来hand over移交go over仔细检查，复习
get over克服，恢复look over检查think over仔细考虑
take over接受，接管hand over 移交turn over翻转
5．动词＋up构成的短语动词有：
bring up抚育，培养call up召唤，打电话给come up走上前来，长出
cut up切碎fix up修理give up放弃；go up 上升，
增长
grow up 长大look up尊敬，向上看，查寻make up虚构，弥补，组成
put up举起，搭建set up建立，创（纪录）pick up 捡起，（开车）接某人，
偶然得到
send up发射show up 揭露，露面turn up出现，把……调高一点
（2017·江苏卷·单项填空）In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, 36（struggling） across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, 37 at school for practice hours 38（before） anyone else had to be there.
A. rising up
B. coming up
C. driving up
D. turning
up
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语。根据＂37 at school for practice hours 38 anyone else＂可知，学习音乐的同学需要比不学音乐的早到学校几个小时，为了练习弹奏
乐器。turn up在＂出现＂，符合语境。
6．动词＋out构成的短语动词有：
come out出来go out出去，熄灭look out留神，当心
walk out走出set out出发，开始put out扑灭，生产
give out发出，发表hand out分发pick out挑选
find out找出，发现speak out大声地说turn out生产，结果是
get out出去，离开carry out实行，执行work out计算出，解决，实行，行得通
bring out出版start out 出发，动身。
（2017·江苏卷·单项填空）Working with the medical team in Africa has ____________ the best in her as a doctor.
A. held out
B. brought out
C. picked out
D. given out
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。hold out坚持；提供机会；伸出手； B. bring out使显现，阐明，出版；C. pick out使容易看见，找出精心挑选，认出来；D. give out用完，停止运行，分发，发出，公布。句意：在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了最好的一面。这里取＂使显现＂之意，故选B。zx/x/k
考向三常见同根动词短语辨析
1.bring
bring in引进，挣得bring about引起，导致
bring up养育，培养，呕吐，提出bring out使展现，推出（书等）
bring down降低，使倒下bring back把……带回来，使忆起
bring forth结果，生产，产生bring forward提出，提前
bring off圆满完成（困难之事）
2．break
break down崩溃，瓦解，垮掉，失败，分解break up打碎，分解，分开，结束，制止
break through逾越，突破，冲破break away（from）挣脱，脱离break out爆发break in破门而入
break into进入建筑物以便行窃，突然发出，打扰break off折断，中断
3．come
come about发生come out结果出来，出版，开花
come across偶遇，被理解come true变为现实
come up走上前，被提出，走近come along一起来
come up with产生，发现（解决办法等）
4．give
give up放弃give in屈服，呈交
give out 用尽，耗尽，分发，公布，发表
give off发出give away颁发，赠送，送掉，捐赠
5．go
go against违背，与……不符，对……不利go without勉强维持，凑合
go in for爱好，参加，从事go by过去，依据，按照
go on继续，发生go over复习，仔细审查，走近
go ahead 进行go through 从头到尾地阅读，经历
go away走开，外出度假，消失go for去取来或接来，争取得到6．keep
keep away（from）使远离keep back 扣除，保留，隐瞒不讲keep off 避开keep on继续
keep out 挡在外边，请勿靠近keep up保持，不低落，持续，继续keep up with跟上keep down抑制（以防其增长）7．look
look ahead向前看look about环顾
look back回忆，回顾look out当心，找出
look up向上看，查阅，看望look down upon看不起
look through翻阅look into调查，向内看
look after照看，负责处理look on旁观
look forward to盼望look round寻找，边走边看，观光8．put
put back放回原处，拨回，阻碍，推迟put down平定，镇压，记下
put away将事物放置于惯常保存之处，储蓄put forward提出（计划、建议），拨快，提前
put off延期put on穿戴，上映
put out扑灭，生产put up举起，张贴
9．take
take in吸收take for 误认为
take out 拿出take down 放下
take up从事，拿起，占据take off 飞机起飞，脱下，休假，成功
take by攻占take after像
take along 随身携带take away带走，拿走，使离去
take back 收回，退回（所购商品）take charge 负责，掌管
take on呈现，雇佣take out拿出，带……出去
take over 接管，接任
The general manager has to retire due to his illness. Who do you think will ________the business?
A.take in
B. take up
C. take on
D.
take over
【答案】D
10．turn
turn back折回，掉转头turn away转身，走开，打发走turn out结果是，赶出，生产，制造
turn down 拒绝，调小turn off 关掉turn over翻过来，移交
turn in上交（作业等），拐入 turn into变成，翻译turn on打开，取决于
turn to求助于，翻到turn up调大，出现
Tom had to______ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.
A. turn in
B. turn down
C. turn over
D. turn to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：上个周汤姆不得不拒绝宴会的邀请，因为他太忙了。turn in 上交； turn down 拒绝； turn over 移交； turn to求助。根据句意可知选B。
题组一基础过关
I.单项填空
1.A sign of a liar is that his eyes are always __________, that’s to say, he doesn’t dare to look into your eyes.
A. disagreeing
B. wondering
C. reflecting
D. wandering
2.The government will set up a group to__________ways to improve the people’s living standard.
A. run into
B. get into
C. look into
D. break into
3.The visiting president answered journalists’ questions, saying the two countries should seek common ground and __________differences on many problems.
A. examine
B. explore
C. assume
D. reserve
4.You might__________deer or horses as you walk through the farmland, where many animals live.
A. come up
B. come through
C. come across
D. come over
5.We all__________Wang Yaping as an example of a woman who managed to fulfil her dream.
A. look forward to
B. look back
C. look up to
D. look over
6.They kept trying, and their efforts finally __________.
A. make it
B. paid off
C. are made it
D. are paid off
7.In Britain today, women__________44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
A. take up
B. make up
C. pick up
D. give up
8.—It’s a good idea. But who’s going to __________the plan?
—I think Tom and Mike will.
A. carry out
B. get through
C. take in
D. set aside
9.As a student, I want to use my creativity to__________ possible solutions to the problems I meet with.
A. explain
B. express
C. ignore
D. explore
10.The policy of reducing the price of bus services provides you with a cheap way to __________.
A. get through
B. get across
C. get over
D. get around
题组二体验真题
1. （2017·天津卷·单项填空）Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter ___________, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down
B. keep off
C. get up
D. cut in
2. （2017·天津卷·完形填空）I was filled with the fear that I would 28 the same difficulties that beat me before.
A. get over
B. run into
C. look for
D. put aside
3. （2017·新课标1卷·完形填空）After that, feeling the need to 52 further,
I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day.
52. A. exercise B. explore C. express
D. explain
53. A. print B. write C. sign
D. count
4.（2016·江苏）He did not_________easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.
A. approach
B. wrestle
C. compromise
D. communicate
5.（2016·江苏）Many businesses started up by college students have________ thanks
to the comfortable climate for business creation.
A. fallen off
B. taken off
C. turned off
D. left off
6.（2016·江苏）Parents should actively urge their children to______ the opportunity
to join sports teams.
A. gain admission to
B. keep track of
C. take advantage of
D. give rise to
7.（2016·天津）Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
A. gave voice to
B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of
D. set foot on
8.（2016·天津）I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history
of the castle.
A. put
B. make
C. take
D. give
9.（2016·天津）I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____
a conversation with her.
A. carry on
B. break into
C. turn down
D. cut off
10.（2016·浙江）We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us.
A. divide
B. reject
C. control
D. abandon
题组一基础过关
单项填空
3.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：来访的总统在答记者问时说，在许多问题上，两国
应当求同存异。examine＂检查＂；explore＂探索＂：assume＂假设＂；reserve＂保留＂。
4.C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在穿过农场时，你可能会碰到鹿或马，那儿有很多
动物。come up＂出现，到来＂；come through＂安然度过＂；come across＂(偶然)碰见＂；come over＂来访，拜访＂。
5.C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：王亚平作为一个妇女的典范受到我们所有人的尊敬，
她努力实现了自己的梦想。look up to sb.表示＂尊敬某人＂。
6.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们一直努力，而且他们的努力终于奏效了。make
it＂成功，到达＂，无被动形式，排除C项；A项时态错误；pay off意为＂(计划等)奏效＂时，也没有被动形式。故选B项。
7.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今的英国劳动力中，女性占了44%，而且近一
半的有孩子的母亲在工作赚钱。make up＂构成＂，符合句意。take up＂开始从事(新的工作)，占据(一定的时间或空间)＂； pick up＂捡起，接收＂；give up＂放弃＂。
8.A 【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：——那是一个好主意，但是谁将去执行这个计
划呢?——我认为Tom和Mike可以。表示＂执行＂应该用carry out；而get through 意为＂接通，顺利通过＂，take in意为＂吸入，欺骗＂，set aside意为＂把……
放到一边＂，都不符合语境。
9.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。explain＂解释＂；express＂表达＂；ignore＂忽略＂；explore＂
探索＂。句意：作为一名学生，我想用我的创造力去探索可能的方式来解决我遇到的问题。
10.D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。get through＂通过，到达，做完，接通电话，熬过(困
难时期等)＂；get across＂(使)被了解＂；get over＂克服，恢复＂；get around＂到处走动，传播＂。句意：降低公交服务价格的政策给你提供了一种便宜的方式去旅游。
题组二体验真题
3.52. B 考查动词辨析。exercise锻炼；explore探索；express表达；explain解释。句意：在那之后，我感觉到想要探索更多(关于手语的东西)，于是我决定参加ASL 俱乐部
的一次会议。故选B。
53. C 考查动词辨析。print打印；write写；sign签名，打手语；count数。句意：那天我只学会了打字母表的手语。分析语境可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的打字母表的手语。故选C。
4.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；
compromise妥协；和解；让步；communicate交流；句意：他不容易妥协，但是对于正义的事业，他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知C项正确。
5.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，受欢迎；
turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断。句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。根据句意可知B正确。
6.C 【解析】考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admission to 获准进入；keep track of记录；
take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。
7.A 【解析】句意：玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的，但是最后她说出自己对这个话题的观
点。A.将……说出，透露，表明；B.注意，照看；C.对……充耳不闻；D.踏上。根据语境，故选A。
8.C【解析】句意：我要利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。take advantage of，意为＂
利用＂，其他选项不能和advantage of搭配。故选C。
9.A【解析】句意：我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。
A.进行；
B.破门而入；
C.拒绝，声音调低；
D.切断。故选A。
10.A 【解析】句意：当我们学会让我们的差异联合起来而不是将我们分离的时候，我们就
获得很多。A.将……分开；B.拒绝，拒收；C.控制；D.放弃。根据语境，故选A。
(完整版)高中英语语法动词不定式和动名词做宾语
巧记跟不定式和动名词做宾语的动词用法 语法体现语言的规律,学好英语离不开语法学习。其中，动词的用法是重点，也是难点。对于谓语动词和非谓语动词的用法，学生普遍感到困难。学生感到50多个动词，用法难以掌握，但调整了单词的排列顺序，根据汉意编写顺口溜会方便记忆： （一）跟不定时作宾语的动词有： 打算(intend)计划(plan)和期盼(expect/desire) 假装(pretend)喜欢(would like/love/prefer)表祝愿(wish) 决定(decide)同意(agree)来帮助(help) 设法(manage)说服(persuade)不拒绝(refuse) 好像(seem/appear)答应(promise)做努力(attempt) 选择(choose)询问(ask)多学习(learn) 告诉(tell)失败(fail)也付得起(afford) 不定式宾语要牢记！ （二）跟动名词作宾语的动词有： 考虑（consider）完成（finish）多练习（practise） 避免（avoid）冒险（risk）求建议（suggest/recoomend） 面对（face）喜欢（enjoy/appreciate）和介意(mind) 允许（allow）承认（admit/permit）或放弃(give up/abandon) 推迟（put off/delay/postphone）逃避（escape）不原谅（excuse/pardon）提及（mention）坚持(keep/insist on）要想象（imagine/fancy） 还有词组feel like 和can’t stand！ 瞧！，我们就这样快快乐乐地记住了吧！ （三）在动词remember, try, regret, forget, need/want/require， stop, mean等后跟动名词V-和不定式意义不同，巧记一句话（记住努力；后悔忘记；需要停止；很有意义），学习采用对比法： remember to do something记着去做某事（现在还没有做） remember doing something记着曾做过某事（以前做过某事） try to do something努力、尽力做某事 try doing something试着做某事（看能否达到预期的结果） stop to do something开始做某事（停下正在做的事，开始做另一事） stop doing something停止做某事（停止正在做的事） regret to do something对将来做的事感到遗憾、惋惜 regret doing something对已经做过的事感到后悔
高一英语语法填空专题练习
高一英语语法填空专题练习 (10篇) （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 一 once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “The night 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money. 二· Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride’s neighbors would look down upon 37 as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases 38 which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony. In a word, crying at wedding is a 39 by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the 40 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life. 三 In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are neccessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______31________spoken.. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. _____32_______ ,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct. There is no easy way to success _____33_______ language learning. _____34________ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only _____35________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and ______36_________meaning, studying the dictionary
高中英语语法最重要知识汇总
按：本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分，保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一．主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如： a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型） d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型） 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况： （1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 （2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： ； 正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
高中英语语法(6)-动词的ing形式
第6章动词的-ing形式 动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”（gerund）和“现在分词”（present participle）两个部分。动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。 一、动词-ing形式的特征和种类 与动词不定式一样，动词的-ing形式也具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语、宾语等。 A.动词-ing形式的一般式 1. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 2. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。 She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。 3. 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。 I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. 我记得上星期给他发过一份电
子邮件。 He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。 B. 动词-ing形式的完成式 动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。 I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。 注意： 在现代英语中，作宾语的-ing形式的完成式可用一般式来代替。 I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。(=I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.) We remembered seeing the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。(=We remembered having seen the film. ) C. 动词-ing形式的被动形式 动词的-ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。 1．一般式的被动形式 The question being discussed is very important. 正在讨论的问题很重要。
高一英语语法填空专项练习
高一英语语法填空专项练习 （一） 第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） Do you ever wonder why you yawn? Why do you open your mouth wide and take a deep breath? Well, a scientist at the University of Maryland is searching for the answer. Professor Robert Provine has been studying yawning for the past two years. But he says he still does not know 31 people yawn. In fact, no one seems to know much about it. Professor Provine’s students have helped him find out more about yawning. They agreed to 32 (watch) while sitting alone in small rooms. In the rooms, they watched television programs, or pictures of people yawning. Or they just sat and 33 (think) about yawning. Students also kept records of when they yawned throughout the day. The professor says he has learned 34 number of things from these experiments. He says yawning seems linked in some way to sleeping. His students yawned most just before sleeping or 35 waking from sleep. He also found that people yawn much when they are __36 (bore ) or not interested in what they are doing. Now, Professor Provine is planning future experiments to help him find the purpose of yawning. He said there is some evidence 37 yawning is linked to 38 (excite). Yawning is common among runners 39 (wait) to begin a race. It is also common among people waiting to make a speech. Professor Provine says he is most interested in learning why seeing someone yawn makes others yawn as well. He says almost anything connected with yawning can make people yawn. As a matter of fact, I found 40 yawning a lot as I prepared this report. I wonder if hearing it can make you yawn. If it does, excuse me, if you did yawn, write and tell me. 答案：31.why 32.be watched 33.thought 34.a 35.after 36. bored 37.that 38.excitement 39.waiting 40.myself （二） 第二节语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） Traditional Chinese culture places much emphasis（重视）on food. Considered to be an important part of each day, __31 __(eat) is far beyond simply meeting a need. However, people are living in fast-paced society now, so they hardly have time to enjoy their food. They need fast food. That is _32_ China’s fast-food market expands. A foreign fast-food restaurant __33__（call）KFC arrived in China first, quickly followed by _34_ such as Pizza Hut and McDonald’s. __35__ the development of China, foreign fast-food chains are realizing high-speed __36__ (grow) in China. However, these “junk foods”have long been criticized by health experts because __37__ can’t provide balanced nutrition(营养). The experts also show that some foreign fast food contains a food colouring, Sudan I , __38___can cause cancer. In fact, China has many of its own traditional fast-food dishes. Among them, dumplings, soybean milk and noodles are __39__ most popular. Compared with foreign fast food, those traditional ones are healthier. __40__ many Chinese still enjoy the special taste and the good environment in the foreign fast-food chains even though there exist some potential（潜在的）risks. 第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或
(完整版)高中英语语法知识思维导图
什么是语法？ +表语 +宾语 +间接宾语+直接宾语 +宾语+宾语补足语 to/-ing s not
一般现在时vs.一般过去时
一般将来时 将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的 动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经 常或者重复发生的动作，常与表示 将来的时间副词连用，例如：soon, next week, this afternoon, tomorrow We will graduate next year. 我们明年毕业。
进行时(1) (V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing)?
进行时(2)
完成时(1) Part1 完成时的句型构成 1-1 陈述句型：S+has/have+过去分词(p.p.) I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业) 1-2 否定句型：S+has/have+not+过去分词(p.p.) Sandy has been a nurse in this hospital for 15 years.(珊蒂已经在这家医院担任护士长达15年了。) 1-3 疑问句型：Has/Have+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Have you ever seen Peter in past 3 months?(过去3个月内，你看见过彼吗？) 2-1 陈述句型：S+had+过去分词(p.p.) This proposal had been deliverde by Eva before Aaron finished it. (这个计划在艾伦完成以前，伊娃就已经提交出去了) 2-2 否定句型：S+had+not+过去分词(p.p.) I had not finished my work when he visited me last week.(上周他来拜访我以前，我还没有完成工作。) 2-3 疑问句型：Had+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Had you ever been to a blind date before you married?(你结婚以前曾经参加相亲吗？) 3-1 陈述句型：S+shall/will+have+过去分词(p.p.) They wll have finished the meeting by now. (他们现在应该已经开完会了) 3-2 否定句型：S+shall/will+have+not+过去分词(p.p.) We will have not made 10 apple pies by the end of today.(我们在今天结束之前不能做完10个苹果派。) 3-3 疑问句型： Shall/Will+ s+have+过去分词(p.p.)? Will they have already left by the time we get there?(我们到的时候，他们会不会已经离开了？ )
高中英语语法总结大全-动词
高中英语语法总结大全之动词 动词 1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。 说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 （has是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。 说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（Verbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。）
人教版高中英语【必修二】[语法讲解
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 ）巩固练习 重点题型（ 常考知识点 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up.他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods,where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman,)was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that 关系副词：when,where,why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1.This is our school.It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2.This is our school.W e study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3.Do you know the r oom?It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news. →I have r ead the newsp aper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格。 1.A plane is a machine t hat can fly. the machine=that 2.The boy who brok e the window is called Wangkai. the boy=who 3.The boy whose p arents are working outside was b r oug ht up by his grandfather. the boy’s=whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
高中英语语法大全动词的语态
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Such a thing has never been heard of before. 这样的事闻所未闻。 3. 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。例如： It is said that…据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that…大家相信 It is hoped that…大家希望 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that…大家认为 It is suggested that…据建议 It i s taken granted that…被视为当然 It has been decided that… 大家决定 It must be remember that… 务必记住的是
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语法填空专题训练 预热题 第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. 1 , some of us are upset 2 their body styles and looks. It’s unnecessary and it’s not important at all. We needn’t care about it. It is one’s inner beauty 3 matters. Second, we sometimes seem to be misunderstood 4 our teachers, parents and classmates. 5 (face) with this, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying to remove the 6 (understand). Some of us have fewer friends. I think being open-minded and friendly will do you good. Third, we may fall behind others, 7 makes us stressed. Actually we can encourage 8 to work efficiently, full of 9 (determine). At last, some of us don’t have much pocket money, so they feel unhappy. Isn’t it strange? So long as we have some, that’s enough. And we can learn 10 to spend money 【文章综述】本文讲述高中生成长中有很多的烦恼，我们应该用正确的方式来处理。 【答案解析】 1.First与第三行的Second形成呼应，都表示列举 2.about 考察固定搭配be upset about…对…感到难过，失望；很多人对于自己的体型和外貌感到难过。 3.that本句是一个强调句型It is…that/who…；本句强调的是主语one’s inner beauty，句意：重要的是我们的内在美。 4.by本句话考查被动语态。Be misunderstood by 被。。误解。 5.Faced 本句中的faced是动词face的过去分词转换的形容词，构成be faced with…面对着…；在句中使用形容词来说明后面主句转换主语的情况。 6.misunderstanding考查名词。句意：我们找合适的时间来与父母面对面交谈，来消除误解。 7.which 本句是一个非限制性定语从句，which指代前面一句话的内容在句中做主语。 8.ourselves 本句中使用反身代词ourselves表示强调。我们经常鼓励自己高效工作。 9.determination 本句中介词of后面要接名词作宾语，故使用determine的名词determination。 10. how 本句考察的“特殊疑问词+不定式”在句中做宾语的用法，在本句中how to spend money作为动词learn的宾语。
高中英语语法知识点总结
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C、 which are D、 them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station、 A、 which are B、 it is C、 which is D、 them are(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food、 A、 which are B、 it is C、 which is D、 them are 2、 A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A、 that B、 which C、 where D、 what
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5. 动词 1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。 说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York. 他已去纽约。 （has是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。 说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5) 根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（Verbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。） 6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。 5.1 系动词 系动词亦称联系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。 说明： 有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如： He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。（fell是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况。） He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词，单独作谓语。 1）状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：